Difference between revisions of "Phonological Alternations"
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ʄ~ƈ |
ʄ~ƈ |
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| ⚫ | |||
| + | r~nd |
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| ⚫ | |||
| + | d~nd |
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| ⚫ | |||
| + | g~ng |
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Invariant: |
Invariant: |
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ɲ~ɲ |
ɲ~ɲ |
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| − | |||
| ⚫ | |||
<br/> |
<br/> |
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| + | p~p |
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| − | t |
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<br/> |
<br/> |
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| + | t~t |
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| − | d |
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<br/> |
<br/> |
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| + | k~k |
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| − | p |
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<br/> |
<br/> |
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| + | c~c |
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| − | r |
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<br/> |
<br/> |
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| − | s |
+ | s~s |
| + | |||
| ⚫ | |||
<br/> |
<br/> |
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q |
q |
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| ⚫ | |||
| − | c |
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| ⚫ | |||
| − | k |
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| ⚫ | |||
| − | g |
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<br/> |
<br/> |
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ʔ, or vowel initial |
ʔ, or vowel initial |
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Revision as of 12:46, 3 October 2012
Phonological Alternations
Morphophonology
Sereer has salient alternations in the initial consonants of noun and verb stems. These alternations appear to be morphologically conditioned in a lexically specified manner, since they occur in several different segmental contexts whose only common element is being within a morphologically derived environment (e.g. plurality in both nouns and verbs; addition of apparent nominalizing suffixes to verbs).
Nouns
Verbs
The initial consonant of verb roots can vary based on whether the subject is singular or plural. Non-implosives alternate with prenasalized stops, and implosives alternate with their voiceless counterparts. So far, these alternations appear to be completely predictable.
sg.~pl.
f~mb
b~mb
w~mb
ɉ~ɲɉ
χ~ɴɢ
ɗ~ƭ
ɓ~ƥ
ʄ~ƈ
r~nd
d~nd
g~ng
Invariant:
j~j
l~l
m~m
n~n
ŋ~ŋ
ɲ~ɲ
p~p
t~t
k~k
c~c
s~s
We still need to get the sg vs. pl. forms of verbs starting with:
q
ʔ, or vowel initial
It seems that verb roots (as seen with singular subjects) cannot start with voiceless implosives or prenasalized stops.
