Difference between revisions of "Adpositions"
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There are two classes of prepositions: those that function verbally and therefore take verbal morphology, and those that cannot take verbal morphology. I am also currently separating temporal prepositions because they take particular morphology that I don't fully understand. |
There are two classes of prepositions: those that function verbally and therefore take verbal morphology, and those that cannot take verbal morphology. I am also currently separating temporal prepositions because they take particular morphology that I don't fully understand. |
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+ | ===Basic Prepositions=== |
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! Gloss || Adposition || || || Source || || || Notes, Example Sentences |
! Gloss || Adposition || || || Source || || || Notes, Example Sentences |
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− | | at || n- || || || VW_054 || || || eg. noboχolɛ "at the dog" |
+ | | at/to || n- || || || VW_054 || || || eg. noboχolɛ "at the dog" |
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| with || fo || || || VW_054 || || || fo ɟapil "with the knife", fo otɛo "with the woman" |
| with || fo || || || VW_054 || || || fo ɟapil "with the knife", fo otɛo "with the woman" |
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| in front of || ᵐbaaᵐbir || || || JM_021, VW_054 || || || |
| in front of || ᵐbaaᵐbir || || || JM_021, VW_054 || || || |
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| behind/after || aciⁿɉ || || || JM_021, VW_040 || || || acinᶮɟ ᵐbinɛ "behind the house" |
| behind/after || aciⁿɉ || || || JM_021, VW_040 || || || acinᶮɟ ᵐbinɛ "behind the house" |
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+ | | above|| yoorox?? || be above || yoorox || VW_097 || || || |
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+ | === Temporal Prepositions === |
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Revision as of 15:19, 30 October 2012
Position in Sereer is mostly indicated with prepositions. Prepositions are syntactically free elements.
There are two classes of prepositions: those that function verbally and therefore take verbal morphology, and those that cannot take verbal morphology. I am also currently separating temporal prepositions because they take particular morphology that I don't fully understand.
Basic Prepositions
Gloss | Adposition | Source | Notes, Example Sentences | ||||
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at/to | n- | VW_054 | eg. noboχolɛ "at the dog" | ||||
with | fo | VW_054 | fo ɟapil "with the knife", fo otɛo "with the woman" | ||||
in/inside | kam | JM_021, VW_040 | |||||
near/by/next to | pam | pam | JM_021, VW_040 | pam ⁿdaχarnɛ "by the tree" | |||
over/above/on/up | tok | JM_021, VW_040 | used also as adv. "up" | ||||
under | ɗoχang | ɗoχaᵑɡ, ɗoχaŋ | JM_021 | ɗoχaᵑɡ ᵐbaɟnɛ "under the blanket" | |||
inside/in between/in the middle | a'ndeer | JM_012, VW_040 | |||||
amidst/between/surrounded by/inside | ⁿdɛɛr | VW_024 | ⁿdɛɛr taχarkɛ "amidst the trees" | ||||
between, in the middle between (2 things) | ⁿdɛɛrⁿdɛr | VW_024 | ⁿdɛɛⁿdɛr taχarkɛ "between the (two) trees" | ||||
in front of | ᵐbaaᵐbir | JM_021, VW_054 | |||||
behind/after | aciⁿɉ | JM_021, VW_040 | acinᶮɟ ᵐbinɛ "behind the house" | ||||
behind | ka'taa | VW_040 | |||||
outside | ˈtafil | VW_040 | also N "outside" |
Verbal Prepositions
Gloss | Adposition | Verbal Root | Meaning | Source | Notes, Example Sentences | ||
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around | widna, mbidna | twist around | wid | VW_040 | |||
toward | jofna | go toward | ɟof | VW_024 | |||
near (to) | matna | be near | mat | VW_024 | |||
far from | goƭna | be far | goƭ | VW_024 | |||
from | xatna | come from | xat | VW_068 | |||
from | inoorna | come from | inoor | VW_068 | |||
in front of | adox?? | be first | adox | VW_038 (JH_039) | derived from "leader" N | ||
above | yoorox?? | be above | yoorox | VW_097 |
Temporal Prepositions
Gloss | Adposition | Source | Notes, Example Sentences | ||||
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before | bala | VW_054 | |||||
during | anaᵑga | VW_068 | |||||
during | yɛtɛ | VW_068 | |||||
during/in | na | VW_068 | |||||
until | botɛ | VW_068 | |||||
until | bona | VW_068 | |||||
until | booyaatɛ | VW_068 |