English-Arapaho dictionary

DRAFT -- last updated June 1, 2006

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List of contributing speakers

Acknowledgements and sources

List of abbreviations

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

A

a lot: nó'ot- pv much, a lot; howoh- pv many, much, a lot; howúhnéniinóó' vii 1) there is a lot , 2) there is too much; bee3- pv a lot
a: céése' na a, one, another
abandon: noo3- vta 1) to leave s.o. behind, 2) to abandon s.o.
abdomen: wonót ni-dep abdomen, belly
able: ni'- pv potential, able to; ni'ítoo- vai 1) to do something well, 2) to be able to do something
about: hi'ííhi' particle 1) instrumental, with, 2) about, concerning; hi'- pv instrumental, with, by means of, about; bebenéh particle about, approximately, roughly
above: hihcébe' particle 1) above, up, 2) in heaven
acceptable: ni'óó- vii to be good, nice, acceptable, ok
accident: cée3- pv by accident; céé3too- vai to do something by accident; cée3xóhetí- vai to get oneself to a place by accident, get oneself into a bad situation
accompany: nii3neniib- vta 1) to be with s.o, accompany s.o., be with s.o., 2) to support s.o., stand by s.o.; nii3óón- vta to go with s.o., to accompany s.o.; néí'iníí3oon- vta to accompany s.o. closely on a trip or errand
accomplish a goal: kóhkutoo- vai to accomplish one's goal
accomplish: ceestówoo- vai 1) to succeed, 2) to accomplish something
accord: niihen- pv by oneself, of one's own accord
accustomed to: nóo3ííton- vta to be or get accustomed to s.o.; nóo3ínoo'oo- vai to have gotten used to something or someone
ache: hesowowutii- vai to ache, hurt; no'oxóéhi- vai to ache, be sore; sesiini'oo- vai to ache
acquire: biisíínowóó3it- vti acquire a skill or ceremony by watching others carefully
across the river: hóóxonó'oo particle across the river, on the other side of the river
across: cebtóxotii- vai to lay things across one another, criss-cross; tokóóxuunííhi' adv across, on the other side
adolescent: honóh'oe na (male) adolescent, teenager, youth, young man
adorn: teexóó3ei'i- vai to have things upon oneself (e.g. a soldier adorned with medals)
advise: hiiseineeb- vta to advise s.o., tell s.o. to do something
afraid: híis- vta to be afraid of s.o., fear s.o.; tiit- vti to be afraid of s.t., fear s.t.; híít- vti to be afraid of s.t., scared of s.t.; héí3ecoo- vai to be afraid
African American: wo'oteenih'óó3oo na black person, African American person
after: toh- pv when, because, after; tohuu- pv when, because, after (habitual aspect)
afternoon: hiiskoh'uusiini- vii to be afternoon
again: ci' pv 1) also, 2) again; co' pv again, back, returning; ce' pv again, back, returning; ci' particle again; ce'ííhi' adv again; koox- proclitic again
age: neehiicxóóyeihí- vai to be of the same generation, be the same age
agree: ni'óóbetí- vai to agree with one another; ní'oob- vta to agree with s.o.; ní'oobéíhi- vai to be agreed with, have one's offer or proposal accepted
aim: sebeyoohóó3ei- vai to aim at s.t.; sebeyén- vti to aim at s.t.
air: hoowu3oow ni air, breath
airplane: niiníh'ohúúnoo' ni airplane
airport: níítohkóú'usé'i ni airport
all around: híítono'on- vta 1) to be on both sides of s.o., 2) to be all around s.o.
all the way: hóóyeinííhi' adv all the way to a place
all: hono'útoyóó- vii to be complete, all there; behííhi' adv all, entirely, as a whole; beisííhi' adv 1) all, entirely, completely, 2) everyone; boh- pv all, everyone; kónohúúhu' adv 1) all, everything, 2) most, majority; beh- pv all; beis- pv all; konóh- pv all
allative: won- pv allative, going to do something
alligator: hiincebíít na 1) water monster, 2) alligator, crocodile
allow: xóuuwoo3ib- vta to permit s.o. to do something, allow s.o. to do something; xóuuwoo3ih- vta to permit s.o. to do something, allow s.o. to do something
allright: hih'óó particle okay, all right, fine
almost: héyeih- pv almost, nearly approaching a goal; too- pv almost; wúho'ookúúhu' adv almost right, almost what I want; toonííhi' adv almost
alone: níis- pv 1) only, 2) alone; nííseihi- vai 1) to be one, 2) to be alone; níísneníí- pv alone; níisísee- vai to be alone, be left alone
along: niihííhi' adv along (e.g. a river or stream); niihóótee- vii to be located along somewhere
already: woow particle now, already; hiis- pv already, perfect aspect
also: ci' pv 1) also, 2) again; howóó particle also, even; niixóó particle also; hííkoot particle also; niixóó particle also, in addition
altar: 3í'eyoo ni 1) monument along a trail, 2) the pile of dirt in front of a sweatlodge, dug out from the firepit, 3) altar; 3í'eyóonéíhiinóó' vii an altar has been set up, an altar has been established; 3í'eyóonóót- vti to place an altar at a location; 3í'eyóonóótii- vai to set up an altar or monument
always: tecó'on- pv always; tecó'onííhi' adv always, all the time
amiss: kóhtowúúni' vii there is something amiss, untoward; kóhtowú3ecóó- vai to think that something is amiss, feel strange about something
ancient: héétee particle 1) before, prior, previous, earlier, 2) in ancient times, traditionally; ko3éinííhi' adv of an old type, ancient
and: wo'éí3 particle or, but; noh particle and
angel: betéé3oo na 1) shadow, 2) spirit, angel; niibííniit na angel; hécesbetee3óó na angel
angry: 3oxóni'éí'oo- vai 1) to look angry, 2) to frown; cesoni3ecóó- vai to be mad, angry; hesnonóóton- vta to be mad at s.o., angry with s.o.; hesinih- vta to make s.o. mad, angry; hesnónee- vai to be angry
animal: cese'eihíí na game, wild quadruped mammal, wild animals hunted for food
ankle: wonó' ni-dep 1) ankle, 2) wrist
annoucer: nooxuneihii na announcer, crier
announce: nóooxunóóhu' vii it has been announced; nóooxunóótiini' vii it has been announced publicly; nóooxunéé- vai to announce something publicly
another time: hoo3ííhi' adv 1) later, 2) next time, 3) another time
another: céése' na a, one, another; kóxuu- pv another, alternative, different
answer: hooxóénihíí3- vta 1) to answer s.o., 2) to respond to s.o.; hooxóénihíí- vai to answer, respond
ant: hééni' na ant
antelope: nisíce na 1) antelope, pronhorn antelope, 2) water strider
anthill: hééniiyoowú' ni anthill
antler: hiníínis ni horn, antler
anus: bé3it ni-dep anus
anyhow: konóhxuu particle anyhow, anyway, despite warnings
anyway: konóhxuu particle anyhow, anyway, despite warnings
Apache: ti'iihiinen na Apache person
appear good: ní'noéyotí' vii it appears to be good, looks good
appear: bisísee- vai 1) to appear, come in to view, 2) (the sun) to rise; bééyei3óót- pv it seems that, it appears that; biskóóhu- vai 1) to appear suddenly, appear running, 2) to go out (searching)
apple: bee'íce'éé' ni apple
appreciation: bébi'íni- vai to give thanks, show appreciation
approach: nééyeiníh'ohu- vai to fly close by, to approach by flying; neehéyei'on- vta to approach s.o.; neehéyei'- vti to approach s.t.; neehéyeikúútii- vai to approach something rapidly; neehéyeikóóhu- vai to approach something running; neeheyéísee- vai to approach something walking
approximately: bebenéh particle about, approximately, roughly
April: bénii'owuusíís ni April
apron: se'éíctoot ni apron
Arapaho Lodge: hinono'oowu' ni 'Arapaho Lodge', identified as the 'fifth dance' in Kroeber's "The Arapaho"
Arapaho Tribe: hinono'eiteen ni Arapaho Tribe
Arapaho: Bo'óóciinén na Northern Arapaho; Nóówunóno'ei na Southern Arapaho; hinonó'eisóó na young Arapaho person; hinóno'eitíít ni Arapaho language; hinóno'úsei na Arapaho woman; hinóno'éí na Arapaho person; hinóno'éí' na Arapaho (pl.); nóno'éinííhi' adv in the Arapaho way; hoowuniihinen na Lower Arapaho; nóno'éinííne'etíít ni the Arapaho way of life
arise: koheí'i- vai get up or stand up (from a sitting or lying position), arise
arm band: niisiheswouh ni arm band
arm: beecét ni-dep 1) hand, arm, 2) a constellation of five stars; bénes ni-dep arm; híítonóó3ee- vai to arm oneself, get one's weapons
armpit: 3éi3é' ni armpit
around: hííneenííhi' adv by turning around, in a turning around manner; híínee- pv turning around, reversing direction; noo'óee- pv around (a spot), in circles; noo'óeenííhi' adv around; 3ebhíín3ííhi' adv around (circumventing) there
arrange: níítei'óó- to be arranged in single file
arrive home: no'eeckóóhu- vai to arrive back at one's home; cé'no'eeckóóhu- vai to arrive back home
arrive: híitísee- vai to come in the direction of the speaker, arrive where the speaker is; nó'úúhu- vai to arrive at camp; no'uxóóton- vta to arrive at s.o.'s location, come to s.o.; no'úh'ohu- vai to arrive by flying; no'kóóhu- vai to arrive by running; níitísee- vai to arrive from someplace; no'kóóhuuhéí- vai to arrive on horseback; bíí'onísee- vai to arrive propitiously, show up at just the right time; no'úhcehí- vai to arrive quickly, run or ride up to a place; nó'ceikóóhuuhéí- vai to arrive riding toward the speaker; nóhohoonííno'úsee- vai to arrive somewhere on foot while hurrying; no'úhcehéíhi- vai to have arrived quickly at a place, have just gotten somewhere in a hurry; no'- pv to reach the terminal point of a linear path, arrive
arrow: ho3 ni arrow; néic ni arrow
arrowhead: wóosóó3 ni arrowhead, flint
artery: be'íb na vein, artery
artist: niiwoowó3onóheit na artist
ash: ce'í3ee ni ash; ho'esciibis ni ash tree, scientific name Fraxinus pensylvanica
ashamed: teyeihi- vai to be ashamed; teyeihei- vai to be ashamed for someone
Asian: niih'éínookút na 1) an East Asian person, 2) someone who resembles an East Asian person
aside: ceibísee- vai to move to the side, move over, get out of the way
ask: nokóóyeiníiitowóót- vti to ask for s.t. through the process of fasting; noton- vta to ask s.o., ask s.o. a question; níiítowóó- vai to ask for something for oneself; kóónee'éébi- vai to ask for something seriously, in the proper manner
asleep: nókohu- vai to sleep, be asleep
aspen: bíiít ni 1) quaking aspen, scientific name Populus tremuloides, 2) elms, scientific name Ulmus spp.?
assemble: hoo'éikóóhu- vai to assemble together, run together; hoo'einéíhi- vai to be together, assembled; hoo'eikóni' vii (a group or tribe) is assembled
assistant: ho3ío' na a young man who serves as a helper, assistant or runner during a ceremony
aster: bííhceyínoo'óó' ni flower of the aster family, Asteraceae spp.; síísííyeinóxu' ni a plant, possibly aster, scientific name Asteraceae
Asteraceae: bííhceyínoo'óó' ni flower of the aster family, Asteraceae spp.
attached: héíbiní- vii to be stuck, attached to something; héíbi- vii to be stuck, attached to something; héíbi- vai to be stuck, attached to something; néibí'ini- vii to be (habitually) attached to something or someplace
attack: bisííten- vti 1) to attack s.t., 2) to raid s.t.; bisííton- vta to attack s.o., raid s.o.; bisíítoo- vai to attack
attractive: hi3ówoonéíhi- vai to be good-looking, attractive, pretty
attractive: noxoséíhi- vai 1) to be good looking, attractive, 2) to be sweet
auger: tónooxóhoé ni auger
August: niihóónkóo'úúniisíís ni August
aunt: nehéi na-dep my aunt
automobile: niiniihencebkóóhut na automobile, car
autumn: céénkoo' ni 1) fall, autumn, 2) October; tóóyouni- vii to be fall, autumn; tóyounííhi' adv in the autumn; tóyouní- vii to be autumn
available: níi3iní- vii 1) to be held, possessed, 2) to be available, at one's disposal
awake: hoowóto'óó- vai to be awake
away: beebei'ón particle far away, way over there; cesisíh'ohú- vai to fly away; honohúbe' particle there, away from here
awl: kokóubéí ni awl
ax: ho'onóóx ni ax
baby: téí'yoonehíhi' na baby, small child
back and forth: hiince'ísee- vai to pace, walk back and forth
back fat: nonii ni the back fat of a buffalo
back: níicibísee- vai to walk to the back, walk to the rear; co' pv again, back, returning; ce' pv again, back, returning; níicíbe' particle in back, especially in the back of the camp, in the rear; ce'íisííhi' adv back again in that direction; néé'eetéébe' particle in the back (e.g. of a tipi)
backbone: wótotóoy ni-dep backbone, spine
backrest: wohunohóé ni ?backrest, pillow
bacon: nih'óó3ouwóxuu ni bacon
bad: woxútoo- vai 1) to do something wrong, do something bad, 2) to sin; woxóuubéíhi- vai to feel bad; woxéíhi- vai 1) to be bad, mean, 2) to be ugly
badger: woh'ooó na badger
bag: ce'éinóx ni container, can be used for e.g. a bag, box, luggage, purse, satchel, trunk; ho'úwoonó3 ni parfleche, bag for jerked meat; touse3óo ni pouch or bag for tobacco, pipe, porcupine quills, etc.; ce'éíyoó ni 1) container, 2) paper bag; ho'úwoonóx ni rawhide bag
baked goods: nisíkoc ni cake, baked goods, pastry
baking powder: nisonóxoh'óe ni leavening agent such as baking powder or yeast
bald eagle: nooke'éibeh'éí na bald eagle; héétese'éit na bald eagle; biihtése'éít na bald eagle
bald: bihtesé'ei- vai to be bald, have a bald spot
bale: beenóókuhu' ni bale (e.g. of hay); beenookhú'u' ni bale of hay
ball bearings: béí'ci3eiceeteyehí3i' na (pl.) ball bearings
ball: koho'owooó na ball
banana: nóóhousóó' ni banana
band: Hoxoo'o3inéno' na (pl.) one of four Arapaho bands identified by Kroeber, said by Kroeber to have been on the South Canadian river in Oklahoma
bank: hoxtóóno'óúni- vii there is a bank, steep slope, or cliff there; hoxtóóno' ni bank, cliff
baptize: touse'eneihi- vai to be baptized
bar: benohéíno'oowú' ni bar, saloon
barberry: cécinbiicííxo ni creeping barberry, scientific name Mahonia repens
barely: noxow- pv 1) very (intensifier), 2) barely, 3) just now
bark: beebee- vai (a dog) to bark; hinóoóx ni bark; wóhbee- vai to bark
barrel: ce'éíbes ni 1) box, 2) barrel
bat: woséín3e'enéíhii na bat
bath: tóusébi- vai 1) to swim, 2) to take a bath, bathe
bathe: tóusébi- vai 1) to swim, 2) to take a bath, bathe; hiinouu- vai 1) to swim around, 2) to bathe; tóúsebííxohéí- vai to be taken to bathe
bathroom: céénokuhcehéíno'oowú' ni outhouse, bathroom, restroom; biihííno'oowú' ni bathroom, privy; tóúsebííno'óówu' ni bathroom
battle: bóó3etí- vii there is a fight, there is a battle; bóó3etí- vai to fight with one another, do battle; bóó3etíít ni fighting, war, battle
be: nohuusóho- vii that's how it is, let it be that way; cebii'óónoo- vii to come to be, come to pass; héntoo- vai 1) to be present, 2) be in a particular place, be located somewhere; nenéé- vii it is it, that is it; cebíí'oo- vai to come to be, come into being
bead: ceenééteeyóó' ni bead; ce'íbinóotí' ni bead
beaded: kotóhuu- vii to be beaded
beak: bé'is ni-dep 1) nose, 2) beak
beans: wonííhiiho' na beans, scientific name Fabaceae spp.
bear fat: woxniinen ni bear fat
bear paw: woxse'eihtoo ni bear paw
bear: nóókox na 1) white bear, 2) polar bear; nonóókunéseet na grizzly bear; woxuusóó na bear cub; heebétox na 1) big bear, 2) grizzly bear; wox na bear
bearberry: noh'úwuno ni bearberries, scientific name Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (berries); noh'úwunbííse' ni bearberry bush, scientific name Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (bush)
beard: biixoxko'onoo ni (buffalo) beard
beardtongue: wookúúno' ni penstemon, beardtongue, scientific name Penstemon spp.
beat: hoyóó3- vta to win against s.o., beat s.o. in a contest
beautiful: bébeenéíhi- vai to be beautiful, pretty
Beaver Rim: héétcowóúúte' placename Beaver Rim, WY
beaver: hébes na beaver; hebesokoy ni beaver lodge
because: toh- pv when, because, after; tohuu- pv when, because, after (habitual aspect); hóókoh particle because
become: níí3o'oo- vai to become like something else
bed: híísibí- vai to lie down, go to bed; hooó ni bed
bedbug: bei'téi na-dep louse, bedbug
bee: kóho'ok na bee, wasp, yellowjacket, hornet
beehive: koho'okuunokoy ni beehive
beetle: ce'biisee na beetle
before: hééscii- pv before, while not yet; heecét proclitic before (another event), while not yet
beg: kóónee- vai to beg for something, beseech someone for something
begin: ce3- pv begin to do something, inceptive; césis- pv to begin to do something; césistoo- vai to begin to do something
behave: teiitoonéíhi- vai 1) to be quiet, 2) to sit still, 3) to be well behaved
belch: bée3ícei- vai to belch
believe: hee3óóbeenéét- vti to believe in s.t., consider s.t. true; hí3oowótonéíhiinóó- vii to be believed; hí3oowoton- vai to believe; hee3óóbeeneb- vta to believe in s.o.; híí3oowóton- vta to believe s.o.; híí3oowót- vti to believe s.t.; hí3oowót- vti to believe s.t.; hí3oowú3ecoo- vai to believe something to be true, to have faith in something
bell: nohcéíneeyóo ni bell
belly button: bé3in ni-dep 1) belly button, 2) umbilical cord
belly: wonót ni-dep abdomen, belly; béé3ií ni 1) belly, paunch, 2) lining of the paunch of an animal
bellyband: hóóxuuku ni bellyband, saddle girth
belt: koyootéé na belt
bent: hone'éékuu- vai to stand bent down; hookow- pv bent
berdache: hoxúx na 1) berdache, transvestite, 2) also applied to a homosexual person (of either sex)
berry: bííbinee- vai to eat berries (usually straight from the bush); 3ó'owú'uwonee- vai to grind or crush berries; hóóxehíb ni buffalo berry, bull berry; sée3íbino' ni berries or cones of pine or juniper trees, scientific names Juniperus communis, Sabina spp., Pinus spp.; bííbinoot ni 1) berry, 2) extended to other small roundish fruit such as grape or raisin
beseech: kóónee- vai to beg for something, beseech someone for something
beside: kokóon- pv on the side, beside; kókoo'ún- vta to be beside s.o.
best: honóuunowóót- vti to do s.t. in the preferable or best way
bet: hóó3o' particle I bet it is so
better: hííneyó'otii- vai to remediate a situation, make things better
beyond: cebe'éítii- vai to do something more than the limit, go beyond a limit
beyond: cebe'éítoo- vai to do something more than the number of times allowed, go beyond a limit; cebííhi' adv beyond, past; cebe'einííhi' adv beyond (a place, a limit)
Big Dipper: téébiicéso'o' na Big Dipper
Big Lodge person: béesóowúunén na one of the five 'subtribes' identified by Kroeber, member of the branch of the greater Arapaho-Gros Ventre tribe which went by this name, variously translated as 'Great Lakes person,' or 'big lodge person'
Big Wheel: bééxotii na Big Wheel
Big Wind River: hóteiniicíe ni Big Wind River
big: heebe3ííhi' adv large, big, immense; beeseihtee- vai to have big feet; bees3ee3ei- vai to have big hands; héébetóóx na big horse; heebe3inén na big man; heebetóóxei na big wolf; béései3e- vai to be big, large, have a big body; bees- pv big, large; beesóó- vii to be big, large; beeseinoehi- vai to be big, large; heebe3nenítee na 1) big person, 2) monster
bigger: beesísei- vai to be an older or bigger girl or woman
birch: nííyoo'óé ni red-bush, red birch, mountain birch, water birch, scientific name Betula fontinalis; béé'exootí' ni 1) mountain birch, 2) Osage orange tree
bird: nii'ehííhi' adv having to do with eagles or birds; nii'ehíísoo na young bird, nestling; nii'éíhii na 1) bird, 2) eagle; nii'ehííni- vai to be a bird, be an eagle
bird-like: níí'ehiinííhi' adv in a bird-like or eagle-like manner
biscuit root: nii'éétee' ni a plant known as bear root, biscuit root, pungent desert parsley or consumption plant, scientific name Lomatium dissectum, described by Kroeber as "a greasy, carrot-like root" (TA:32)
bit: beenihéhe' particle a little bit, few
bite: toyóób- vta to bite s.o.; ko'oot- vti to bite s.t., take a bite of s.t.
bitter root: neníícisoxú'oo' ni a medicinal root, possibly bitter root, scientific name Lewisia rediviva; wóóxcoo' ni bitter root, scientific name Lewisia rediviva
black: wo'oteenih'óó3oo na black person, African American person; wo'teen- pv 1) black, 2) dark; wo'teenóte'éí- vai to have black hair; wo'óteeyóó- vii to be black; wo'teenéíhi- vai to be black
blackbird: nih'eenó' na blackbird; béebé'3e'enéíhii na red-winged blackbird; níhoonnih'éeno' na yellow-headed blackbird
bladder: hinís ni bladder
blame: hó3oowub- vta to blame s.o.
blanket: hóu ni blanket, robe; nééceenóú ni the chief's blanket; hóoxóúbee- vai to wear a blanket, cover oneself with a blanket
bleed: be'ííni- vii to bleed
bless: bee3h- vta to bless s.o., pray for s.o. to be successful; níísih- vta to bless s.o., pray over s.o.; níísihkuu3- vta to bless s.o. quickly or rapidly; woxú'uuwu- vai to bless something; cecéecó'ohuun- vai to ceremonially bless; ceceecó'oh- vta to ceremonially bless s.o.; wóxu'óóntoo- vai to perform a blessing ceremony
blessed: woxú'ootííni' vii 1) it has been blessed, 2) power or authority has been granted ceremonially; ceceecéíhi'ííhi' adv in a blessed way
blink: céheekú- vai 1) to blink one's eyes, 2) (the Thunderbird) to make lightning, 3) lightening to flash; céheekúhcehi- vai to blink; hííne'éicéheekúhcehí- vai to blink one's eyes rapidly while turning one's head
blizzard: nookubee3ei na 1) white owl, 2) used figuratively to refer to snowy weather or frost
blood: hinót na blood clot; bé'eek ni gravy, blood gravy; be' ni blood
blouse: biixúút ni 1) shirt, blouse, 2) dress
blow one's nose: nii'ííbee- vai to blow one's nose
blow: nó'oo'héése- vii to be blown far from camp
blue: cenééteeyóó- vii to be blue or green
bluebell: ceenééteené'einóó' ni bluebell, scientific name Mertensia ciliata
blunt: hoowtoxu'óó- vii 1) to be blunt , 2) to be dull
blush: bo'óúu'éí'oo- vai 1) to turn red, 2) to blush
board: se'íbes ni board, plank
boat: 3iiw ni boat, canoe, ship
bobcat: to'úú3eebexóókee na bobcat; to'uu3i'eibexóókee na bobcat
body: béései3e- vai to be big, large, have a big body; beténeyóoó ni-dep (human) body
bogeyman: bííbeet na bogeyman
boil: ko'youhu- vai to cook or boil something for oneself; sii'ihéíton- vta to put something in water (to cook or boil) for s.o.
boil: sii'ihwó'oyei- vai to put something into a pot or kettle to cook or boil; kóótee- vii to boil; kóóhob- vti to boil s.t.
bone: hix ni bone
book: wo3ónohóe ni paper, book, notebook, mail, anything made of paper
boot: touhóóno'óh ni boot
border: towóoxéisé' vii 1) something is marked by breaking, a route or road has been made by breaking things (as in railroad construction), 2) a border is marked
bored: ciisibínoo'óó- vai to get tired of something, find something monotonous
borrow: hotóónee- vta to burrow in to s.o.; hotóónee- vti to burrow in to s.t.
both sides: híítono'on- vta 1) to be on both sides of s.o., 2) to be all around s.o.
bother: nosóúnoxuuh- vta to keep bothering, harassing or persecuting someone; coo'u3éí'i- vai to bother people, harass people; nó'cou'u3éí'i- vai to come to bother or harass people; néenonih- vta 1) to continually bother s.o., 2) to continually persecute s.o.; noxúuh- vta to bother s.o., persecute s.o.; cóú'utii- vai 1) to bother something or someone, 2) to play with something casually; neenóóxobei- vai 1) to bother someone's horses, 2) to take someone's horses; cou'uh- vta to bother s.o.
bottle: niinéét ni 1) nipple, 2) bottle for feeding a baby; ceeníhcoo' ni a transparent container such as a bottle, jar, or glass
bottom: nókowúúhu' particle down here, at the bottom; céno'úúhu' particle at the bottom (when looking down from the top)
bow: beeté' ni bow
bowl: cee'einóó' ni bowl
bowstring: beetéyook na 1) bowstring, 2) string or rope made of sinew, 3) also extended to other string not made of sinew
box elder: hoxúús, hoxwúús ni box elder tree, scientific name Negundo aceroides
box: ce'éinóx ni container, can be used for e.g. a bag, box, luggage, purse, satchel, trunk; ce'éíbes ni 1) box, 2) barrel
boy: honóh'oehíhi' na little boy; hecéxonóh'oe na young boy
boyfriend: nebii'ó'oo na-dep my sweetheart, my girlfriend, my boyfriend
bracelet: wooxón ni 1) bracelet, 2) also used for jewelery in general; wohnóx ni bracelet
braid: nii3óótee'ee ni braid; nii3óotééni- vii to be braided; nii3óotééni- vai to be braided, be in braids; nii3óótee'ein- vta to braid s.o.'s hair; nii3óótee'en- vti to braid s.t. (hair, rope), make a braid
brain: betééc ni-dep brain
branch: hitéi ni branch, treelimb
brave: hiisíítookoxúúnee vai to earn a feather, as a symbol of a brave deed; hiihóho'nen- vta to act bravely towards s.o.; hiihóho'néíhi- vai to be brave
bread: cebiteenoc ni fry bread; co'céí- vai to fry bread; có'coo ni bread, loaf of bread; có'oc ni bread, loaf of bread
breadroot: hiicénii Indian breadroot, scientific name Pediomelum esculentum
break wind: cééti- vai to fart, break wind, pass gas
break: tebikuutii- vai to break something
breast: bé3en ni-dep breast
breath: hoowu3oow ni air, breath; hoowo3óów ni 1) breath, 2) air, 3) life; nííhon3óówu- vai to keep one's breath for a long time, avoid running out of breath for a long time
breathe: hoowo3óówo- vai to breathe
breechcloth: wonóut ni breechcloth, loincloth
breeze: teiise- vii to be breezy
breeze: kóxo'tóése- vii to be breezy; toeese- vii to be cold and breezy, there is a cold breeze
bridge: hooxuu3ííw ni bridge
bridle: ciitohko'neeyoo ni bridle
bring a story: nó'oo3íte'e- vai to bring a story here from another place
bring back: neyéíxohowóó- vai to try to get/bring things back for oneself
bring here: ceixotii- vai to bring something here
bring home: no'óókoo3- vta to bring s.o. home; no'óokéí'i- vai to bring something home, transport something to one's house
bring: no'oxoh- vta to bring s.o.; céíxoh- vta to bring s.o. in the direction of the speaker; bíí'ono'oxoh- vta to bring s.o. to a place just at the right time; hiitíxotii- vai to bring something here from someplace; céi3- vta to bring something here to s.o.; nó'uxoton- vta to deliver something to s.o.; nó'uxohéíhi- vai to have been delivered to a place
broad: cííxoyoo- vii to be broad
broken: towóónee- vai to have a broken leg; tebé'ei- vai 1) to be broken off at the head, 2) to have the top broken off; tówo'oní- vii to be broken
broom: wotí'ohóe ni broom
brother in law: nei3ébi na-dep (my) sibling in law of the opposite sex, (my) brother in law (woman speaking), (my) sister in law (man speaking); neyóo na-dep my brother in law
brother: nééhebéhe' na-dep younger sibling, younger brother or sister; néteséí na-dep (my) sibling of the opposite sex, (my) brother (woman speaking), (my) sister (man speaking); neeséh'e na-dep older brother, also used to refer to the person fulfilling the role of 'older brother' in a ceremony or dance
brown: nisíh'oo- vii to be brown
brush fire: kotee- vii 1) (a large conflagration) to give off smoke, to burn, 2) there is a brush fire
brush: hiikóó' ni 1) woods , 2) brush; hookoo'eeni- vii (brush) to be thick; kooxúúhu' particle in the brush; no'otoo'óé- vii to be brushy; hi3oowúukóó- vii to be in the brush, under the brush
buck: censíb- vta (e.g. a horse) to throw s.o. off, buck s.o. off
bucket: nóókohóé ni 1) water dipper, 2) medicine switch, 3) bucket; nookoheinooo ni bucket
buckskin: biixót ni buckskin
buckwheat: biiscihin ni buckwheat, scientific name Eriogonum spp.; hónookó3ookúnu' buckwheat, scientific name Eriogonum spp.
buffalo berry: hóóxeehíbino' ni buffalo berry, scientific name Shepherdia canadensis
buffalo robe: hii3einoonóu ni buffalo robe
Buffalo Wheel: híí3einóónotíí na Buffalo Wheel, Medicine Wheel (a site in the Bighorn Mountains of Wyoming)
buffalo: hóóxehíb ni buffalo berry, bull berry; biihí3ii ni 1) buffalo chips, 2) diaper powder made from dried buffalo chips; híí3einóón ni 1) buffalo, 2) a herd of buffalo; biixóu ni buffalo cow robe; biis na buffalo cow; nónooni na young buffalo cow, approximately 2-3 years old; henéécee na buffalo bull
bug: bíísee na 1) bug, insect, 2) ?worm
bugle: níitóuu3óó ni 1) whistle, 2) flute, 3) bugle
build: nii3oxoeyéí- vai to build a fence, repair a fence
Bull Lake, WY: Nééceiní'ec placename Bull Lake, WY
bull: hóóxehíb ni buffalo berry, bull berry
bullet pouch: kokuyoono3oot ni 1) powder horn, 2) bullet pouch
bullsnake: hóóxeesíísiiyei na bullsnake, gopher snake; kookousiisiiyei na bullsnake, gopher snake
bulrush: hónoowúuxó' bulrush, scientific name Scirpus or Schoenoplectus spp.
bumblebee: héébe3kohó'ok na bumblebee
bundle: cee'eeku3oo ni a bundle of offerings
burn: kotee- vii 1) (a large conflagration) to give off smoke, to burn, 2) there is a brush fire; co'ouuté3ee- vii to be flaming high; ceh'éí- vai burn incense (from cedar); kohóóxoénoo'óó' vii (a fire) is burning; kóhooxoénoo'ooni- vii (a fire) is burning; béetoxúh'u- vai to be completely burned up; héébete3ééyei- vai to burn something in a large fire; béete3ééyei- vai to burn something up; néétoxúh'u- vai to burn to death; cíístonóót- vti to keep s.t. burning a long time, keep s.t. burning continuously
burned: beexúuto'ówu' ni burned land, a burned area
burp: bée3ícei- vai to belch
burr: woníseineehíís ni 1) burr plant, 2) a figure representing a burr painted on the body during the Tomahawk Lodge ceremony, 3) wild licorice, scientific name scientific name Glycyrrhiza lepidota,
bus: nihoonotíí ni schoolbus; neyei3einotíí ni schoolbus
bush: cóó'oo'éé' ni shrub, bush
busy: neetónoohúú- vai to be busy; nonó'o3on- pv to be busy or engaged with something
but: wo'éí3 particle or, but; 'oh particle but
butcher: céniihéíhi- vai to be butchered; céniihéí'i- vai to butcher; ceníih- vta to butcher s.o. (anim. obj.)
butter: nihóóncebítee ni butter
buttercup: henéíxo' buttercup, scientific name Ranunculaceae spp.; yenéinkóóti'i ni buttercup, scientific name Ranunculaceae spp.; nííhooné'einóó' buttercup, scientific name Ranunculus glaberrimus, possibly other Ranunculus spp., also black-eyed susan and related plants, scientific name Rudbeckia spp.
butterfly: níh'ootéibéíhii na butterfly
buttock: besóo ni-dep buttocks
button: hoxkúh-d vai 1) to button up, 2) to zip up; hóxkuhuut ni button
buy: cééstoo- vai to procure or obtain something, buy something (typically for oneself); cééston- vta to procure or obtain something for s.o., buy something for s.o.; céne3eih- vta 1) to knock s.o. down or off someplace, 2) to purchase s.o.; céne3éíh- vti 1) to knock s.t. down or off someplace, 2) to purchase s.t.; hotóónoot- vti to buy s.t., purchase s.t.; hotóónee- vai to shop, buy things
buzz: hetei'oo- vai to make a buzzing noise; heteiníh'ohú- vai to make a buzzing noise while flying (e.g. a bee)
buzzard: woxóóxobe'- pv relating to buzzards, vultures
buzzer: nohceineekúú3oo ni buzzer
by itself: niihen- pv by oneself, of one's own accord
by oneself: niihéyoo adv by oneself, on one's own
by: ceb- pv pass by
cable: béí'ci3eiséénok na cable
cactus: hóho'oyóóx na 1) cactus, scientific name Cactaceae spp. and Opuntia spp., 2) peyote, scientific name Lophophora williamsii; cééyookúú' ni cactus of some type, scientific name Coryphantha or (most likely) scientific name Pediocactus spp.
cake: nisíkoc ni cake, baked goods, pastry
calculate: téceenéét- vti to guess s.t., try to figure s.t. out, calculate s.t. in one's mind
calf: wookéciisoo na calf; woo' na calf (baby cow); ci'í3 ni, na calf of leg
call: heenéti3- vta 1) to talk to s.o., speak with s.o., 2) to call s.o. over; ní'ii3éé- vai to be called by a certain name; ní'ii3éíhi- vai to be called or named; nih'óó3ounih'ééhi- vai to be called or named a certain way by Whites; néé'eesíh'iit- vti that is what they call it; héti3óótiini' vii there is calling, there is responding; hééti3- vta to call for s.o.; heetí3eininénee- vai to call for s.o., as by whistling; notéíneeb- vta to call for s.o. by making a sound, such as whistling; ní'iit- vti to call s.t. a certain name; héti3- vta to call to s.o.; 3ebtéeti3- vta to call to s.o. there; céhti3- vta to call s.o. over
called: néé'ee3e'ínonéíhiinóó' vii that is how something is known, that is how something is named, called
calm: téiitoonéíhi- vai to be quiet, calm, still; téiitooyóó- vii to be calm, still, quiet
Calochortus gunnisonii: seenéí'oxúú3eet ni scientific name Calochortus gunnisonii
camp circle: nééyei3- pv having to do with a camp circle; neeyéi3kó'einííhi' adv in a close circle, as in a camp; neeyéi3einóotii- vai to camp in a circle
camp: bée3ii- vai 1) to finish camping, take down camp, 2) to leave a place behind, as in moving camp; níiítoo- vai to locate camp, be located in camp; cebiihíítooni- vii (camp) is being moved along; cebííhi- vai to move camp along, past a place; hóotéé' vii something is located there, something is arranged or laid out there, there is a camp there; hóoteení' vii something is located there, something is arranged or laid out there, there is a camp there; hóotíí- vai to camp (individually rather than as a group or tribe), to set up camp; niisóotéé' vii how the camp is, how the camp is set up; níii- vai to camp; ko'einootii- vai to camp in a circle
can: 3owo3nóoó ni can
cane: hóokóto ni cane
canoe: 3iiw ni boat, canoe, ship
canteen: niibecohuut ni canteen; niibecoo ni canteen
canvas: bee3o'óoó' ni canvas, denim or other stiff, densely woven cloth
canyon: bíí3oonóó- vii there is a canyon; hiicóó' vii there is a canyon there
cap: co'té' ni cap
capsize: hi3ókunoo'óó- vii to capsize
captive: wowóonííni- vai to be captive, have been captured
capture: wowóonííni- vai to be captive, have been captured; ce3- vta to catch, trap or capture an animal; ce3éíhi- vai to have ben caught, trapped or captured; tóunínoo3- vta to capture, defeat, or count coup on an enemy
car: niiniihencebkóóhut na automobile, car
card: sei'kuu3óó ni playing card
cardinal: bé'ii'éíhii na cardinal
care: hééteeniihéíhi- vai to be taken good care of; heetééniih- vta to take care of s.o. (well)
careful: néstouhu- vai to be careful
carefully: kóó'oe- pv slowly, carefully, in due time
carpet: so'oo3óó ni 1) tablecloth, mat, 2) carpet, rug
carrot: yeneinít na carrot, indian carrot, gardner's yampah, scientific name Perideridia gairdneri
carry a blanket: nííwouwu- vai to carry a blanket
carry: bííno3óóhu- vai to carry a load, pack something; nííwoho'un- vta to carry s.o.; niiwóúhu'un- vta to carry s.o. (animate object) along (e.g. on a trip); nííwoho'ón- vti to carry s.t. along (e.g. on a trip); 3ei'iinóót- to carry s.t. or s.o. on one's back
cartilage: 3ei3 ni 1) tendon, 2) cartilage, 3) muscle
carve: wo3ono'úx- vti to mark s.t., carve s.t.; níí3es- vta to carve s.o.
castrate: neecéés na gelding, castrated horse
cat: wo'óoó na cat
catch sight: 3ooxúúnon- vta to notice s.o., catch sight of s.o.
catch: ce3- vta to catch, trap or capture an animal; ce3éíhi- vai to have ben caught, trapped or captured; hiisíítenéíhi- vai to have been seized or caught; hiisííten- vta 1) to catch s.o., grab s.o., seize s.o., 2) to run after s.o.
Catholic: heenínouhut na 1) Catholic priest, 2) sometimes extended to a Catholic person in general
cattleman: wóókeciinén na rancher, cattleman
cave: tonoxtééni' vii 1) there is a cave, there is an opening in the earth, 2) there is a meadow or clearing in the forest, 3) there is a tundra area beyond the forest
cease fire: ceniiyóó3eti- vii a cease fire is in effect
cedar: cooh'óee- vai to smudge or cedar; cóóh'owuun- vta to smudge s.o., cedar s.o.; bé'3einó'o ni 1) cedar, 2) juniper; bé'3ein- pv having to do with cedar or juniper (Sabina scopulorum and Juniperus communis); bé'e3éinóoo ni cedar
center pole: no'oúúhtoohóee ni center pole (in the sun dance); noh'óuutohóe ni the center pole of the Sun Dance lodge
center: no'oúúhtoohóee ni center pole (in the sun dance); 3óówohóú'u' particle in the middle, at the center; neehíi3éí' particle in the center, in the middle; wotees- pv into the center
centipede: hoowuho'ohteet na centipede; hoowoho'ohteihii na centipede
ceremony: beyoowú'u ni (pl.) Arapaho religious and ceremonial life, especially ceremonial dances such as the Sun Dance and dances of each of the lodges; niistoowóohúút ni a performance of a ceremony or ritual; ciibénoo'óó- vai to perform a ceremony or ritual; nii'éíhiitoowó'o ni a ceremony concerning eagles, the Eagle Way; níístoowóohu- vai to perform a ceremony, engage in a ceremony
certain: néé'ee3e'ín- vti to be certain, be sure of s.t.
chain: toukú3eibéí'ci3é'i ni chain
chainpod: 3ííkonwonííhiiho' ni (pl.) possibly chainpod, peavine, scientific name Hedysarum spp., or sweetclover, scientific name Melilotus spp.
chair: 3i'okuutoo ni furniture one sits on such as a chair, couch, seat
change: hóókootén- vti to change s.t.; hokoo3en- vti to change s.t.; hookoo3ítoo- vai to change the way one does something, change one's ways; hókoo3ítoo- vai to change the way one is doing something, change tactics
chaos: nónsoo' vii there is confusion, chaos, disorder; noonsóó' ni 1) chaos, 2) confusion, 3) mess, disorder
chase: héíso'onéíhi- vai to be forced to scatter due to being chased, be chased away and apart; kúhnee- vai to be chased; ce3esó'onéíhi- vai to be chased away by someone; yéihow- vta to chase s.o.; woti'éso'on- vta to chase s.o. away (permanently), remove s.o. by chasing; niicibéso'on- vta to chase s.o. back, chase s.o. to the rear; yih'óon- vta to chase s.o., chase after s.o.; no'esó'on- vta to chase s.o. to here, where the speaker is; hookootéso'on- vta to chase s.o. to their home; yéíhowóó- vai to chase something; ce3esó'owuun- vta to chase something away from s.o.
chat: ciihóuut- vai to chat
check out: néhyon- vai to inspect something, check something out
check up: néhyonóóhob- vta to inspect s.o., check up on s.o. visually; nehyóntii- vai to inspect something, check up on something; nehyóhonííhi' adv concerning inspection, concerning checking up on something; néhyoníhee- vai to be checked up on; yóónoohow- vta to check up on s.o.
check: nehyóntii- vai to check something, check up on something
cheek: becé'i'oo ni-dep cheek
cheer: xoúúnooni- vii there is cheering; xóuunéé- vai to cheer
cheerful: hónobéíhi- vai to be cheerful, happy, merry
cherish: nei'hónonih- vta 1) to hold s.o. tight or close to oneself (figuratively), 2) to cherish or respect s.o.; tóónonítii- vai 1) to hold on to something (figuratively), 2) to value something, cherish something
chest: biisícei- vai to have a hairy chest; bescóoó' ni chest
chew: seyóóko'oníí- vai to chew; seyow3ei- vai to chew
chewing gum: séyowcéí na chewing gum
Cheyenne: hítesíí na Cheyenne; Hítesííno'óowú' placename Cheyenne, WY
chickadee: híco'ooteehíhi' na chickadee; sesiicebiihihi' na chickadee; bííceyéíhii na chickadee
chicken hawk: hééyei hóókecii na chicken hawk; neséínoox na chicken hawk, scientific name Accipiter spp.
chicken: nih'óó3ounii'éíhii na chicken
chief: néécee na chief; cebeeniineecee na quarter-chief; nééceeni- vai to be chief
child: téí'yoonehíhi' na baby, small child; tei'yoonéhe' na child, infant; hecóxookei na 1) a person of small rank or stature, 2) a child, not a grown-up; hecóxookéíhi- vai 1) to be a person of small rank or stature (figuratively), 2) to be a child; hecéxookéé- vai 1) to be a child, 2) to be young; neniisóó na-dep (my) child; téí'yoonii- vai to be a child
childish: téí'yooniinóóni- vai to be emotionally immature, childish; téí'yoonootéíhi- vai to be emotionally immature, childish
children: hitéí'yoonííbi- vai to have a child, have offspring; nóó3sei- vai to have many children, many offspring; howúhsei- vai to have many children, offspring; hiníísooní- vai to have children
chimney: xouu'eeyóo ni chimney
chin: wotóhko' ni-dep jaw, chin
chipmunk: xoxooyóni' na chipmunk, striped ground squirrel
chips: biihí3ii ni 1) buffalo chips, 2) diaper powder made from dried buffalo chips
chisel: kóni'óhoee ni chisel
choke: ho3hí- vai choke
chokecherry gravy: biiné'eek ni chokecherry gravy
chokecherry: biiné'eek ni chokecherry gravy; biinínec ni chokecherry juice, chokecherry wine; bííno ni chokecherries (pl.), scientific name Padus virginiana (berries); bíínonoo'óé' ni chokecherry bush, scientific name Padus virginiana (bush)
choose: hééneyéixóhei- vai to choose, select
chop: cih'óh- vti to chop s.t.
chosen: bíí'eenebéíhi- vai to be chosen
Christian God: beehééteiht na Christian God; beehííniisonóónibeihít na Christian God; bééteet na Christian God
Christmas: hoonóú3ootííni- vii to be Christmas
chrysalis: bííseenii3óóteeyoo ni 1) chrysalis , 2) pupa
church: henínouhúúno'óowú' ni Catholic church; béteentóóno'oowú' ni church
cigar: híicóoó na pipe, cigar, cigarette
cigarette: híicóoó na pipe, cigar, cigarette
cinch: hóóxuucihíít ni 1) girth, a band that holds a saddle on a horse, 2) cinch
Circle Dance: ko'einohowoot ni Circle Dance
circle: noo'óeekóóhu- vai 1) to run around a place, 2) to circle around a place; hooyéí'on- vta to circle or corral s.o. (e.g. a horse); kóó'einóó' ni circle
circles: noo'óee- pv around (a spot), in circles
circular camp: neeyéi3o'óó- vii 1) there is a circular camp, 2) (pl.) (tipis) are set up in a circle for camping; neeyéi3óó' vii there is a circular camp; neyéí3oonóotéé' vii there is a circular camp located there
circular: ko'éí- pv round, circular; ko'einóó- vii to be circular, round
clap: kóe'sóhoe- vai to clap
claw: wo'ox ni-dep fingernail, toenail, claw, hoof; niiskosei- vai to have two nails, claws or hooves
clay: nookóóbe' ni kaolin, white clay for ceremonial painting, white paint; ho'éeét ni 1) paint, 2) clay
clean: hiiyoot- pv 1) pure, 2) clean; hííyoo3ínouhu- vai to be neatly dressed, wearing clean clothing; hííyootéíhi- vai to be clean, neat; hiiyootéénebéíhi- vai to be known to be clean or pure, be thought of as clean or pure; hííyoo3ítii- vai to keep something clean and pure; hííyoo3ih- vta to keep s.o. clean (primarily morally)
cleanly: hííyoo3ííhi' adv 1) cleanly, 2) properly, respectfully
clear the way: nóókoníitén- vti 1) to clear the way for s.t., 2) usher in s.t. (as in a ceremony)
clear: cihkoyóó- vii to be transparent, clear; hó3es- pv clear, clearly; cííhkoowu' ni clear water; wohou'ounoo'oo' vii (the weather) is clearing up; cíhkoowu- vii (water) to be clear, transparent
clearing: toonoxtééni' ni meadow or clearing in a forest
clearly: hó3es- pv clear, clearly
clench: co'ohóe- vai to make a fist
click: koseinóóni- vii to click
cliff: hoxtóóno'óúni- vii there is a bank, steep slope, or cliff there; hoxtóóno' ni bank, cliff; hoxotóóno' ni cliff, precipice
climb down: hoowouuhu- vai to climb down
climb up: nóh'ohóuuhúúton- vta to climb up to s.o.
climb: hóuúhu- vai to climb; nóuuhúúton- vta to climb (an. object) habitually; noxowouúhu- vai to climb close, climb closer; hóuúhuutón- vta to climb s.o.; hóuhúút- vti to climb s.t.; híixóuuhu- vai to climb to the top; teexouuhu- vai to climb up on to something; nóho'óuuhu- vai to climb upwards
cling: nei'íítehéíbi- vai to cling to something tightly, as if stuck to it
clock: hite'íyooní- vai to have a watch or clock; he'íyoó ni clock, knowledge
close by: neeyéinííhi' adv close by; niicó'owuu particle close by
close one's eyes: no'úusí'oo- vai to close one's eyes
close: too3ííhi' adv near, nearby, close to something; bee3ebééxoyoo3ííhi' adv close by and hidden; hóoxobéíhe' particle close by, near; neehéyei- pv close, near; too3- pv close, near; hokóh- vti to close s.t., stopper s.t.; híhcebee close by; neníinííhi' adv close by; bee3ebééx- pv close to, close by; niixóxo'on- vta to be close to s.o.; hiixoxó'- vti to get close to s.t.; neehéyeinííhi' adv close by
closely: nei'- pv closely, tightly
clot: hinót na blood clot
clothes: cíí3ibii- vai to put on a clothes
clothing: héixo'o ni clothing; henínouhu- vai to wear long clothing; woonínouhu- vai to wear new clothing
cloud: hiinoonó'etí- vii 1) to be cloudy, 2) to be stormy; nii'éíhiinó'et ni eagle cloud, thunder cloud; níí'eheinó'etí- vii to be an eagle cloud or thunder cloud; híínoonó'et ni cloud; wo'teeno'úxoo' vii dark clouds are gathering, the sky is getting dark; hiinóonó'oxoo'úú' vii there are clouds in the sky; wó'teenó'ete' vii there is a black cloud; nookó'eti- vii to be a white cumulous cloud
cloudy: hiinoonó'etí- vii 1) to be cloudy, 2) to be stormy
club: 3oxóo ni tomahawk, club, war club; nóxowóó3oo ni war club, killing club; ce'éex ni war club, tomahawk
coat: bíísbiixúút ni fur coat; hookoubiixúút ni jacket, coat
coffee: woo'téénoowu' ni coffee
coil: noononóutóósi- vai to be coiled up, e.g. a snake
coin: béí'ci3e' ni 1) metal, iron, steel, 2) coin, money
cold: toyóow- pv cold; toyoowú' vii the water is cold, there is cold water here; toyo3iisiini- vii to be a cold day; nohokoo3oo- vii to be bitterly cold; tóyo3óó- vii to be cold
collarbone: beihooó ni-dep collarbone
collect: hóo'éíhi- vai to collect, gather something; hóo'éín- vti to collect s.t., gather s.t.
colt: bííyo3óú'u na colt
comb: houtíhii ni 1) porcupine tail, 2) comb made from porcupine quills; cih'óte'eihóo ni comb, traditionally made from the tongue of a buffalo
comb: cih'óte'éíhi- vai to comb one's hair
come about: néé'ee3óó' vii that is where something is from, that is how something came about
come here!: cihnéés vai come here! (imperative)
come home: ce'eeckóóhu- vai to come back home
come in: cíítei- vai to enter, come in
come out: bisínoo'óó- vii to come out of a place (e.g. the wind from a cave)
come together: hoo'eiséé- vai to gather, come together, have a meeting
come upon: hítes- vta to come upon s.o., run into s.o., meet s.o. unexpectedly
come: híitísee- vai to come in the direction of the speaker, arrive where the speaker is; néé'eetísee- vai that is where someone is coming from; cé'oowúsee- vai to come back down; hiitíseenóó' vii where s.t. comes from
commence: cési3oo'oo' vii it gets/has gotten started, begun
compare: tecínihii- vai to compare things with s.o. else, compare two things
completative: bee3- pv completative, finish
complete: hono'útoyóó- vii to be complete, all there; kóhkutii- vai 1) to complete a task, 2) to complete a ceremony; bée3tíí- vti to complete s.t., finish s.t.
completely: beisííhi' adv 1) all, entirely, completely, 2) everyone
conative: néyei- pv conative, try
concave: 3eeyoúte- vii to be concave
concentrate: ni'koko'ú3ecoo- vai to be able to concentrate, think clearly
concerned: nonóneenów- vta to be concerned about s.o.; nonóneeneet- vti to be concerned about s.t.
condor: co'cóóniinii'éíhii na California condor
cone: sée3íbino' ni berries or cones of pine or juniper trees, scientific names Juniperus communis, Sabina spp., Pinus spp.
cone-shaped: 3ouu- pv cone-shaped, pointed; 3ouúyoo- vii to be cone-shaped, pointed; 3ouuyéíhi- vai to be cone-shaped, pointed
confused: neini'einoohowuu- vai to be dazzled, confused; noní3oxúuhéíhi- vai to have become lost or confused due to harassment; cee'ínonéíhi- vai to be strange, confused, mixed up
confusion: noonsóó' ni 1) chaos, 2) confusion, 3) mess, disorder; nónsoo' vii there is confusion, chaos, disorder
constipated: cóóne3éíh'i- vai to be constipated
consume: hotóóbe- vai to consume something, eat something up, gobble something up; hotóob- vta to consume s.o., gobble s.o. up
contact: béxoh- vta 1) to hit s.o., strike s.o., 2) to touch s.o., make contact with s.o.
container: ce'éíyoó ni 1) container, 2) paper bag; ce'éinóx ni container, can be used for e.g. a bag, box, luggage, purse, satchel, trunk; 3éíyoó ni container, cupboard, filing cabinet
continuative: nosóu- pv continue to do something, still, ongoing
continue: nosóu- pv continue to do something, still, ongoing
conversation: ciihóuut- vai to chat
converse: heenetí3etííb- vta to converse with s.o.
cook: hócoo3- vti to fry s.t., cook s.t. in a pan (usually meat); ko'youhu- vai to cook or boil something for oneself; sii'ihéíton- vta to put something in water (to cook or boil) for s.o.; sii'ihwó'oyei- vai to put something into a pot or kettle to cook or boil; bii3béé- vai to cook, prepare food; bii3woo3- vta cook s.o.; bii3wóót- vti cook s.t.; bii3wóúhu- vai to cook for oneself; hóókuu3- vta to cook for s.o. (non-ceremonially); bii3wóon- vta to cook for s.o. (usually ceremonially); hookóúhu- vai to cook something for oneself; bii3wóonéé- vai to have a meal cooked for one
cooked: hiisétee- vii 1) to be cooked, 2) to be ripe
cooked: hiiséteesi- vai 1) to be cooked, 2) to be ripe
cookie: nisíkocoonéhe' ni cookie
cool: toyoobéé- vii to be cool
coot: niibiiséébit na coot, mud duck
copperhead: niibe'e'eitsiisiiyei na copperhead snake
copy: nokó3ton- vta to copy s.o., imitate s.o.; 3óók3onóh- vti to copy s.t. (e.g. off a blackboard); wo3ónkuu3óó ni copy machine, Xerox machine
cork: hokóhoee ni cork, stopper
corn: hóó'etíí ni corn, scientific name Zea mays; béskootéé ni ear of corn
corpse: 3iik ni 1) corpse, 2) skeleton
corral: hooyéí'on- vta to circle or corral s.o. (e.g. a horse); cóoó' ni 1) corral, fence, 2) trap for game animals such as elk; ko'einoxóeyóo ni corral; nii3oxoeyóó ni 1) fence, 2) corrall
correct: bebíisííhi' adv properly, correctly; bebíí3enéíhi- vai to have been corrected, made proper; hi3oobéé- vii 1) to be correct, right, 2) to be true; hí3obeéé- vii to be correct, be saying something true; hí3oobéí- vai to be correct, say something true; bebíístoo- vai to act correctly
correctly: bebíis- pv properly, correctly
cotton: hicíínee ni fleece, wool, cotton
cottonmouth: wo'teensiisiiyei na water moccasin, cottonmouth
cottonwood: hohóót na 1) tree, 2) cottonwood tree, scientific name Populus deltoides; héé3neebés ni cottonwood, scientific name Populus deltoides; hohóótinbíiítino narrowleaf cottonwood, scientific name Populus angustifolia
couch: 3i'okuutoo ni furniture one sits on such as a chair, couch, seat
cougar: bexookeesóó na cougar cub, mountain lion cub; bexóókee na 1) cougar, mountain lion, 2) also extended to tiger
cough: cesíceiníbi- vai to cough; cesíceinó'oo- vai to cough; ceséceiní'oo- vai to cough; cesíceibínoo'óó- vai to start coughing
could: héíh- pv potential, could have, would have
could: héí- pv potential, could happen, could occur
count coup: tóunínoo3- vta to capture, defeat, or count coup on an enemy; tóunínee- vai 1) to count coup on an enemy, 2) to capture an enemy, 3) to defeat or kill an enemy
count: neyei3éí- vai 1) to count, 2) to read, 3) to study, go to school, be a student; neyéitíí- vti to read s.t., count s.t.; neyeih- vta to count s.o.
coup: tóunínee- vai 1) to count coup on an enemy, 2) to capture an enemy, 3) to defeat or kill an enemy
cover one's head: níí'eikúu3- vta to cover s.o.'s head
cover: niisén- vti 1) to wrap s.t., 2) to cover s.t. up; hokohóe ni 1) cover, 2) lid, 3) plug; hééce'éíci3- vta to cover s.o.'s head; kotoyóh- vti to cover s.t.
cow: biis na buffalo cow; nónooni na young buffalo cow, approximately 2-3 years old; níí3ouyóó na milker, milk cow; betebihóókec na old cow; wóókec na 1) cow, 2) (pl.) cattle, livestock
cowboy: touhóo na cowboy
coyote: koo'óh na coyote; koo'óhwuusóó na coyote puppy
crab: níískoséíhii na crab, lobster
crack: koxúnoo'oo- vii to be cracked or broken suddenly
cracked: koh'únoo'oo- vii to be cracked, split open; kóh'otí- vii to be cracked; kohe'éíhi- vai to be cracked; koho'éé' vii to be cracked, esp. cracked in half
cracker: 3óuxósi' ni cracker
cradleboard: héctoonohúút ni cradleboard
cramp: hiicíto'óó- vai to have cramps
crane: hité3oo na crane, especially a sandhill crane, heron, egret; hité3oo na crane, heron; hité3ounec na water drunk when breaking a fast during the Sun dance, according to Kroeber's "The Arapaho"
cranky: ciiní'einéétii- vai to be cranky
crawl: hoocéísee- vai to crawl or slither, e.g. a snake; yíh3okúsee- vai to crawl over to a distant place
crayfish: niice'nowo' na crayfish
Crazy Lodge: nookohóókee na a dancer of higher degree in the hohookoowu' dance; hohóokóowú' ni Crazy Lodge age-grade society
crazy: hohéis na 1) crazy person, foolish person, 2) senile person; hoheisííni- vai 1) to be foolish, be crazy, 2) to be senile; hohóókee na crazy person, foolish person; hohookééni- vai to be or act foolish, crazy, to disobey social norms and mores; neséíhiinóó- vii to be wild (in a pejorative sense), crazy
crazyweed: síísííyeibii3híít ni ?locoweed, ?crazyweed, scientific name Oxytrophis spp.
cricket: biihóúút na cricket
crier: nooxuneihii na announcer, crier
criss-cross: cebtóxotii- vai to lay things across one another, criss-cross
crocodile: hiincebíít na 1) water monster, 2) alligator, crocodile
crooked: céibííhi' adv 1) turned aside, to the side, 2) in a twisted manner, in a crooked manner
cross: nookóóx na 1) cross, 2) morning star; teesokéeekóni' vii cross a river on top (of ice) as a group; hooxuu- vai to cross something
Crow Dance: houunohowoot ni Crow Dance
crow: hóuu na 1) crow, 2) raven, 3) God, Man-Above
crowbar: bíínohooó ni 1) digging stick, 2) crowbar
crown: 3oo3oonei3e'ee ni the middle or crown of one's head
cruel: nó'o3óó- vii to be cruel, tough, very difficult to endure
crumble: 3o'únoo'óó- vii to be crumbling; 3o'únoo'óó- vai to be crumbling
crush: 3ó'owú'uwonee- vai to grind or crush berries; 3o'én- vti to crush s.t., grind s.t., mash s.t.; séyóúnob- vti to crush s.t. by hand, mash s.t., squeeze s.t.; 3ó'o'óótiinoon- vta to crush or smash a part of s.o.'s body; séyoun- vta to crush s.o. by hand, squash s.o., squeeze s.o.; 3o'én- vta to crush s.o.; séyou'ow- vti to crush s.t. by foot
cry: biiwóóhu- vai to cry, weep; hiini- vai (a dog, wolf, coyote) to cry, whimper, howl; bíxoyeinóóni- vii there are crying sounds
cub: woxuusóó na bear cub; bexookeesóó na cougar cub, mountain lion cub
cup: niisiickuuhu' ni collapsible cup made from the paunch of a buffalo; tóuyoo ni cup
cupboard: 3éíyoó ni container, cupboard, filing cabinet
cured: híínentééni- vai 1) to be well, cured from an ilness, 2) to be saved
curious: bééte'ín- vai to be curious, want to know
curly: bebee'éí- vai to have curly hair
curlycup gumweed: kóúhuyé'einóú'u ni (pl.) curlycup gumweed, scientific name Grindelia squarrosa
currant: ne'íbiis ni golden currant bush, scientific name Ribes aureum (bush) and possibly other Ribes spp.; ne'íbinó' ni (pl.) golden currant berries, scientific name Ribes aureum (berry) and possibly other Ribes spp.
curse: kóotéébinoo3- vta to curse s.o., swear at s.o.
curved: nóhousoo- vii to be curved
custom: heenéistóót ni ways, customs, habits, lifestyle
cut off: koho'eikuu3- vta to cut off s.o's head
cut open: ko'óe3ikuu3- vta to cut s.o. open; ko'óe3einee- vai to have been cut open, be lying cut open
cut: koxhóotéé- vii to be split off or cut away from; tebe'éís- vta to cut s.o.'s head off; tebe'éís- vti to cut someone's head off; tóne'eih- vta to cut or knock a hole in s.o.'s head; tébes- vta to cut s.o. off, saw s.o. off; wotío'óxoo' vii it has been cut off, trimmed away; ?noko3esiit ni cutting of the hair on one side; towonoxowoot ni cutting of the hair over the forehead; koxóx- vti to cut s.t. off, procure by cutting; tebéx- vti to cut s.t. off, saw s.t.; ko'óx- vti to cut s.t. with a knife or scissors
cute: noníí exclamation how cute!
damn: hókoun- vii to be dammed
damp: hítoyóó- vii to be damp, moist; híteyéíhi- vai to be damp; hitoo'oo- vii to be damp
dance: nóókohwóót ni rabbit dance; kóutohséinohwóót ni round dance; hoséíhiinohwóót ni 1) Sun Dance Lodge, 2) dance performed during Sun Dance; hooxéíhiinéniinohwóót ni Wolf Dance, Pawnee Dance; betéeeh- vta 1) to make s.o. dance, 2) to have a dance for s.o.; betóootnóó- vii (a dance) to occur; betóoot ni dance; cé3ohwóó- vai to begin dancing; betéee- vai to dance; betóooh- vta to make s.o. dance
dancer: betéíhii na dancer
dangerous: noxóónoo- vii 1) to be near the edge, pushing the margins, 2) to be dangerous; néstoonootéíhi- vai to be dangerous; néstoonoo3óó- vii to be dangerous; néstoonóó- vii to be dangerous; nóxoownóó- vii to be dangerous; néstoonoo3óó- vii to be very dangerous
dare: honóoyóó don't you dare!
dark: wo'teen- pv 1) black, 2) dark; bíh'iyóó- vii to be dark; bíh'iyóóni- vii to be dark; bih'inóotéé- vii to be dark in camp; bih'inóú'oo- vii to get dark
daughter in law: néeséb na-dep daughter in law (1 poss.)
daughter: notóóne na-dep daughter (1 poss); hitoone- vai to have a daughter
dawn: seyéinoh'óóke- vii to be just before dawn, before it gets light; noho'óó- vii to dawn, be dawn
day: hesteísi' ni a hot day; híísiinííhi' adv 1) during the day, 2) in a day's time, 3) as if it were daytime; híísiini- vii to be day, daytime; híísi' ni day; heeyowúúsi' adv every day; yéiníiis ni four days; cisíiisí' vii something takes a certain number of days, is done for a certain number of days; niisíiis ni two days
daylight: nóóke- vii to be daylight, morning; nookéni- vii to be daylight, morning
daytime: híísiinííhi' adv 1) during the day, 2) in a day's time, 3) as if it were daytime; híísiini- vii to be day, daytime; noh'óóke- vii to be light outside, be daytime
dazzled: neini'einoohowuu- vai to be dazzled, confused
deaf: heeneyeicitéé- vai to be deaf and mute
decay: 3o'oxousi- vii to be decaying (e.g. a tree); woxúse- vii to be bad, decaying (e.g. flesh) rancid, rotten, spoiled; hoxúse- vii to be decaying (e.g. meat), rotten
deceitful: néhtonítoo- vai to act in a tricky or deceitful manner, do something tricky or deceitful; néhtonéíhi- vai to be tricky, deceitful
deceive: néhtoníh- vta to deceive s.o., cheat s.o.
December: honou3éíniisíís ni December; 3óó3ooncécniisíís ni December
decrease: nííwo'óó- vii to decrease; nííwo'óó- vai to decrease
deep: ceyoxesnóó- vii the mud is deep; tébi- vii 1) to be deep (e.g. water, snow), 2) to be full; tebiiínoo' vii [snow] is deep; tebiiíneeci' vii (snow) is deep
deer: hé3owoonéíhii na white-tailed deer; bih'ío ni deer hide; bíh'ih na deer, mule deer
defeat: tóunínoo3- vta to capture, defeat, or count coup on an enemy; hiixóówo'on- vta 1) to make s.o. move away, drive s.o. off, 2) to defeat s.o.; hóó3onih- vta to resist s.o., defeat s.o.; tóunínee- vai 1) to count coup on an enemy, 2) to capture an enemy, 3) to defeat or kill an enemy; bíí'owoo3- vta to defeat s.o., especially in battle
delicate: ciinówouhú- vai 1) to be delicate, 2) to be touchy; ciinówóuhuunóó- vii to be delicate; ciinówóuhuunóó- vii to be delicate
deliver: no'úxoh- vta to deliver s.o.; no'úxotíí- vti to deliver s.t.
delouse: hi3ooxuh- vta to delouse s.o., pick lice from s.o.'s hair
demand: nihi'nééton- vta 1) to demand s.t. of s.o., 2) to force s.o. to do something, insist that s.o. do something
demolish: 3óú'uuníítii- vti to demolish s.t.
den: cese'eihiinokoy ni den
denim: bee3o'óoó' ni canvas, denim or other stiff, densely woven cloth
Denver: niinéniiniicíihéhe' placename 1) Unknown place in central Wyoming , 2) Denver and the South Platte River in Colorado
depart: ce3éí'oo- vai to set out, set off, depart
depend on: nó'o3éé'eenebéíhi- vai to be depended on greatly
dependable: hííxonoh'oehííni- vai 1) to be mature, grown up, 2) to be reliable, dependable; ho3í'eenebéíhi- vai to be thought of as a person who can be asked to do something, be thought of as dependable
depict: wo3onísi- vii to be depicted representationally (e.g. engraved, carved, incised, drawn)
descend: yih3oonínoo'oo- vai to descend quickly towards down there
deteriorating: hetebínouhuunóó- vii 1) to be in poor condition , 2) to be deteriorating
devil: hóócoo na devil, Satan; woséii na devil
Devil's Tower: wox niiinon placename Devil's Tower, a national monument in Wyoming
devour: hóótowkuu3- vta to devour s.o.; hótoowkuu3- vta 1) to swallow s.o., 2) to devour s.o. (anim. obj.); hótoowkuutíí- vai 1) to swallow something, 2) to devour something
dew: híítoyóó' ni 1) moisture, 2) dew
diaper powder: biihí3ii ni 1) buffalo chips, 2) diaper powder made from dried buffalo chips
diaper: tóu'cihíít ni diaper
diarrhea: hesotóot ni diarrhea; 3í'iinoo'ó- vai to have diarrhea; hesótee- vai to have diarrhea
dice: to'se3oo ni die (as in dice)
die: to'se3oo ni die (as in dice); cetó'oo- vai to be dying, about to die; yoohoot- vai to die; necénoo'oo- vai to die suddenly, be struck dead
different: kóxuunííhi' adv 1) something else, a different one, 2) somewhere else; kóxuu- pv another, alternative, different; cei'ísoo' vii 1) to be separate, set apart, 2) to be different; cé'eséíhi- vai 1) to be different, 2) to be diverse, of various types; cé'esííhi' adv 1) different, 2) diverse, various; cé'eis- pv different, various; cése'éíhi- vai to be different; cé'esóóni- vii to be different
difficult: hónouuneenóó- vii to be difficult; houneenóó- vii to be difficult; hóuuneenóó- vii to be difficult
difficulty: nó'oxúuhetí- vai to get oneself to a place by hard work, with difficulty
dig up: biscitíí- vai 1) to dig up, uncover, 2) to recover or revive something
dig: tonooxóhei- vai to dig a hole; nóoxcítii- vai to dig a hole with hands or feet; tóno'wúúhee- vai to dig a hole in the ground; nooxóhei- vai to dig, especially a hole; kóxoh- vta to dig for s.o.; koxóhei- vai to dig for something, esp. roots; nooxóh- vti to dig s.t. (e.g. a hole)
digging stick: bíínohooó ni 1) digging stick, 2) crowbar
dip: nookóhowoo- vai to dip something up for oneself
dipper: seskóuutówuu'éíhii na dipper (bird); seskouutíínii'éíhii na dipper (bird)
direct: xóuuw- pv 1) straight, straightly, 2) direct, directly
direction: 3ebííhi' adv in that direction
directional: neh- pv directional, away from the speaker and towards addressee, from here to there; cih- pv directional, towards speaker
directly: beeyóó particle 1) perfect, just right, right on!, 2) directly
dirt: ho' ni dirt
dirty: wotóxoobéíhi- vai 1) to be dirty, filthy, 2) to be unkempt; nóótoxéíhi- vai to be filthy; wotóxoobee- vii to be filthy; hoxesííni- vai to be muddy, dirty; wóówoséí- vai to use filthy language, to talk dirty; ho'úúni- vai to be dirty, be dusty; sóo3óó- vii to be dirty; sóotéíhi- vai to be dirty, messy
disappear: hinowúsee- vai to walk out of sight below a surface, disappear into the ground, dive into water; hííyoohóú' vii 1) to be nothing, for there to be none of something, 2) to disappear, vanish; híyoohootínoo'oo- vai to disappear suddenly, be absent, vanish; hinowkóóhu- vai to disappear from view below ground or water
discharge: bíísii'oot ni 1) leak, 2) discharge
discover: híico'óóton- vta to find s.o., discover s.o. in hiding; bii'íítii- vai to find something, discover something; bíí'eenéét- vti to discover s.t. abstract such as knowledge or information
discuss: kokoh'óuutíín- vai to discuss
disease: hesówobeihíít ni illness, sickness, disease
dish towel: hehíyoó ni something you wipe with, e.g. a towel, rag, tissue
disk: 3o'óóbe'éiyoó ni disk (farming implement)
dismount: hoowúhcehí- vai to jump off, get down or go down quickly, dismount
disorder: nónsoo' vii there is confusion, chaos, disorder
disseminated: nih'éiseenóó- vii to be spread, disseminated
dissuade: totoub- vta 1) to dissuade s.o., to talk s.o. out of something, 2) to rebuke s.o., scold s.o., correct s.o.
distribute: cee'én- vti to distribute s.t., pass s.t. out; cee'ín- vti to distribute s.t., hand s.t. out
ditch: koho'ówu' ni 1) gully, ditch, ravine, gulch, 2) small stream; koho'wúúni' vii there is a gully, ditch or small stream there; kóh'owúúni' vii there is a gully, ditch, small stream there
dive: sii'eihcénoo'óó- vai to jump into water, dive in to water
diverse: cé'eséíhi- vai 1) to be different, 2) to be diverse, of various types
divide: koh'én- vti to divide s.t., split s.t.
divided: níh'einowóótiini' vii something has been split up, something has been divided up among people, scattered among people
divorce: kóuten- vta 1) to divorce s.o., 2) to get rid of s.o.
dizzy: néíni'éí- vai to be dizzy
do: ni'ítoo- vai 1) to do something well, 2) to be able to do something; níístii- vai 1) to do something (independent clause), 2) to make something; níístoo- vai 1) to do something (independent clause), 2) what someone is doing (relative clause); tóó- vai to do; hístoo- vai to do; nee'eestoo- vai to do something like that, do thusly; heestoo- vai what someone does, how someone does something (relative)
doctor: notónihéíhii na medicine man, doctor, physician; notónih- vta to doctor s.o.
doctoring: nótonohein- pv medicine, doctoring
Dog Lodge: hé3owoowú' ni Dog Lodge age-grade society
dog: hoteiné3 na sheepdog; he3 na dog
dogwood: 3ííkoníbino' ni 1) (pl.) snowberries, scientific name Symphoricarpos spp. (berries), 2) (pl.) dogwood berries, Swida sericea (berries); nóhko3on ni bark of the dogwood, scientific name Swida sericea (bark); bo'óóceibiis ni dogwood, scientific name Swida sericea
doll: béí'iisóó ni doll; neeníítoo na old-fashioned Indian doll made of buckskin
dollar: heebe3bei'ci3e' ni a dollar
domesticate: hinénto'ohúú3ton- vta to make an animal used to the presence of people, domesticate an animal
done: híístii- vai to be done, be finished doing something
donkey: bih'ihiihoox na 1) mule, donkey, 2) horned toad, horned lizard
don't: ceebéh- pv prohibitive, "don't!"
door: tecénoo na, ni door, gate
doorway: tecenóóne' ni doorway, area around the door
dough: nii3óxesnóuyóó ni dough
dove: bííteih'íí na 1) pigeon, 2) dove
down in the brush: noowúukóó- vii to be down in the brush
down there: 3ebóowúúhu' adv down there
down: nókowúúhu' particle down here, at the bottom; 3oonííhi' adv 1) below, less, in the middle, 2) at the summit (as of someone's head, or the course of the sun); ceenííhi' adv down, under; noowúúhu' adv 1) down, downward , 2) South, used especially to refer to Oklahoma by Northern Arapahos; noow- pv down; cenííhi' adv down, downwards; hoowúúhu' adv down, downwards
downriver: hoowúnii'ou'oo- vai float downriver; hoowúniihííhi' adv downriver, downstream, down along a river
drag: cíitóo'ohú' vii it has been dragged inside a place; hitoo3íb- vta to drag s.o.; hitoo3íítii- vai to drag something
dragonfly: cíí'owoyéíhii na dragonfly
draw: wo3onóh- vti to draw s.t., write s.t.; wo3onóhei- vai to draw, write; wo3ónoh- vta to draw s.o.
dream: kónee- vai to dream; woxkónee- vai to have a bad dream
dress: híseinbiixúút ni dress, skirt; biixúút ni 1) shirt, blouse, 2) dress; cehcínouhu- vai to dress differently (from other people); cíítehéé3ei- vai to get dressed; hiseinbiixuut ni woman's dress
drill: toncítii- vai to drill a hole
drink: benéét ni drink; béne- vai to drink; benii3ít- vti to drink s.t.; nííhonokóóyei- vai to go for a long time without drinking
drip: cénii'oo- vii 1) to drip, 2) to leak; wóhnii'oo- vii to be dripping (in several places)
drive: hiixóówo'on- vta 1) to make s.o. move away, drive s.o. off, 2) to defeat s.o.; nóó'eiyéí- vai to drive (a car)
drizzle: hooyeinoosoo- vii (rain) to be drizzling; ní'oonóóyeinoosóó- vii to be drizzling
drop: censénee' vii it has fallen down, dropped down; censénini- vii it has fallen down, dropped down; césin- vta to drop s.o.; cesín- vti to drop s.t.
drown: neetebi- vai 1) to get tired of swimming, 2) to drown
drowsy: nowóne- vai to be drowsy, sleepy
drum: hóho'yóóxuunó'eiihi' na peyote drum; woteiho'yeinoo ni beating drum; hó'éií na drum; biitoheinó'éií na drum for the Spear Dance; héébetó'eii na large drum, as is used at a Pow Wow; wóteihó'yei- vai to drum
drumstick: wóteihó'oyóó ni drumstick
drunk: nonsíh'ebí- vai to be drunk
dry: hííxoo'éé- vii to be dry; hííxoo'óóni- vii to be dry; hííxoo'óó- vai to be dry, dry up
dubitative: he'íí- pv dubitatave, it is doubful that; he'- pv dubitative, narrative past tense
duck: síísiikó' na duck; síísiic na duck; céneníhcehí- vai to duck
dull: hoowtoxu'óó- vii 1) to be blunt , 2) to be dull
dung: biihí3 ni manure, dung, animal excrement
dust: koo'óúúte- vii to be dusty
dusty: ho'úúni- vai to be dirty, be dusty; koo'óúú3oo- vii to be dusty
dwarf child: hecesiiteihíísoo na dwarf child
dwarf: hecesiitéíhii na dwarf, little person
dwelling: hi'íyeih'i- vai to have a dwelling place, have a home
each: hééyow- pv 1) every, 2) each; hééyowúúhu' adv 1) every, 2) each; hité3eicííhi' adv each one
eager: sesííhi- vai to be eager
eagle cloud: níí'eheinó'etí- vii to be an eagle cloud or thunder cloud; nii'éíhiinó'et ni eagle cloud, thunder cloud
eagle: nii'éíhii na 1) bird, 2) eagle; nii'ehííni- vai to be a bird, be an eagle; nooke'éibeh'éí na bald eagle; héétese'éit na bald eagle; biihtése'éít na bald eagle; nii'ehííhi' adv having to do with eagles or birds; heebé3ii'éíhii na 1) big eagle, big bird, 2) golden eagle; hiinookó3onit na golden eagle; wo'téénii'éíhii na 1) a term used for several kinds of black or dark birds, including a black eagle (a young bald eagle), winter bird, dark-eyed junco, grackle, 2) a female personal name
eagle-like: níí'ehiinííhi' adv in a bird-like or eagle-like manner
ear: wonotóno' ni-dep 1) ear, 2) tepee flap; béebeesétee- vai to have big ears
early: tesnohkúseic particle very early in the morning
earnest: kokónoo'obéíhi- vai to be earnest
earring: céítoo ni earring
earth: bííto'ówu' ni 1) earth, ground, land, 2) sometimes extended to mean 'floor'; hee3ei'oo' ni the Earth
east: cénohó' ni east; níítbisíseet na the east
eat: hotóóbe- vai to consume something, eat something up, gobble something up; hóótowkuu3- vta to devour s.o.; besoonobéé- vai to eat raw meat; bííbinee- vai to eat berries (usually straight from the bush); bii3íhi- vai to eat; biin- vta to eat s.o.; bii3- vti to eat s.t.; bíí3i- vai to eat something specific; nonibíí3i- vai to eat something wrongly, eat something forbidden
eclipse: hiinousee- vai (the sun or moon) to eclipse; hiinóusee- vii to be an eclipse
edible: bíí3ib ni food, something edible; biinéíhiinóó- vii to be edible, generally eaten
effort: neyéi3ííhi' adv by trying, with effort; níh'oowóóhu- vai to do something which requires a great deal of effort
egg: noon ni egg
egret: kookóósoonéíhii na 1) heron, egret, 2) also perhaps curlew, slough bird, rail or other birds with long, thin legs; wo'óúhuu na heron, egret; hité3oo na crane, especially a sandhill crane, heron, egret
eight hundred: néésootox béteetósoo' pc eight hundred
eight: néésootox num eight; néésootoxénení'i vii (pl.) to be eight in number
eighteen: néésootóxuuni' pc eighteen
eighty: néésootósoo' pc eighty
elated: ni'ouubéíhi- vai to be elated, high, intoxicated
elbow: bétison ni-dep elbow
elder: béésnenítee na elder, old person
elderberries: kokúyono ni elderberries, scientific name Sambucus coerulea, possibly Sambucus microbotrys
elephant: honookowuubeet na elephant
elevated: hóuu3íne- vai 1) to be hanging or hung in a place, 2) to be in an elevated position
Elk Mountain: Wó'teenótoyóó' placename Elk Mountain, WY
elk: hiwóxuu na elk; hóóxeehíwox na male elk, elk bull
else: kóxuunííhi' adv 1) something else, a different one, 2) somewhere else
embarass: teyéíh- vta to embarass s.o.
embrace: he'ííten- vta to embrace s.o., hug s.o.; hónowounóúhu- vai to embrace one another; hónowoo3- vta to embrace s.o.
emphatic: heh- pv emphatic
empty: niicisóó- vii to be empty, hollow; niiciseih- vii to be empty, hollow
encircle: noo'óeenííkohéí- vai to ride around s.t., encircle s.t.
enclose: nii3oxóen- vta to enclose s.o. in a fenced area
end: nee'éi'ísi- vii that is how it ends
enemy: coox na enemy
enjoy: hówoo3ítoo- vai to enjoy
enough: nee'éétox particle enough; nehínee particle that's enough!; néé'eetoxtóowóóhu- vai to do something enough, do something enough times; néé'eetoxtóowóoti- vai to do something enough, do something enough times
enter: hoo'éícii3íhcehí- vai to run in to a place as a group, to enter rapidly as a group
enter: cíi3íhcehí- vai to enter rapidly, to run in to a structure; cíítei- vai to enter, come in; cíítei'on- vta to enter into s.o.'s presence
entirely: behííhi' adv all, entirely, as a whole
entrails: 3oox ni entrails, guts, intestines, bowels
envy: noxóxh- vta to envy s.o.; noxoxeihi- vai to be envious
equipment: ciiyoonó ni 1) (pl.) equipment, kit, gear, 2) belongings
erect: xoubeekúú- vai 1) to be erect, 2) stand straight, upright; xoubeekúú- vii to be erect, stand upright
error: nóntoot ni error, mistake
escape: koyíh'ohú- vai 1) to fly away, 2) to escape by flying; césiikúhnee- vai to get away, escape
establish a rule: hooxúwutíí- vai to establish rules about something
et cetera: heenéí'isííhi' adv 1) various kinds, 2) and so forth, and similarly, et cetera, 3) ones like that
Ethete: koonóutoséií' ni Ethete (placename)
even: howóó particle also, even; cectoyoo- vii 1) to be even, 2) to be level; tótoos proclitic even, even if, not even
evening: hi3óú'uunííhi' adv evening; hi3óú'oo- vii to be evening; hi3ou'uuni- vii to be evening; hi3óú'oo- vii to be evening
every: hééyow- pv 1) every, 2) each; hééyowúúhu' adv 1) every, 2) each
everyone: beisííhi' adv 1) all, entirely, completely, 2) everyone; boh- pv all, everyone
everything: kónohúúhu' adv 1) all, everything, 2) most, majority; heeyóúhuu ni 1) thing, 2) stuff, 3) something, anything; behííhi ni everything; bíseenéíhi' adv everything
evidential: wot- proclitic evidential, indicating non-verifiability, 'I guess it is so,' 'they say it is so'
evil: ciiwóhoonéíhi- vai to be evil
examine: kóóko'óúhu- vai to examine s.o.; kokóúh'utíí- vai to examine something carefully
excessively: hoowúh- pv too much, too many, excessively
exchange: hooxóebíínetí- vai to trade, exchange things; hóóxohóenííhi' adv in return, in response, in exchange; hóóxee- pv in exchange, in response, in return; hotóonóó3etí- vai 1) to exchange things among one another, 2) to support one another; hóóxoentéesísee- vai to exchange a horse; hooxóeen- vti to exchange s.t.
exclamation: 'osteihoo exclamation exclamation made when something bad happens, when something is not right, "I could have done better!"
excrement: biihí3 ni manure, dung, animal excrement; bee ni excrement, feces
exhause: nóó'oenííhiineetó'osíbetí- vai to exhaust oneself by running around a place
expect: no'óeneb- vta to expect s.o.
expensive: nóótoúh'u- vii to be expensive
extend: cowóotéé- vii to be laid out, extend along a certain direction, lead in a certain way
extra: ceníí'iisíse' ni leftover, something extra
extremely: hóuunée- pv really, extremely, the most
eye: besíiíse' ni-dep eye
eyeglasses: bei'ci3ééyookuu ni eyeglasses, glasses
eyesight: nesookú- vai to see well, have good eyesight
face: héési'éí'oo- vai 1) to make faces, 2) to frown; wówe'éí- vai 1) to have a wrinkled face, 2) to have a face that is out of shape; nóókooto'n- vta to be facing s.o., opposite s.o.; betóóxebíó' ni-dep face; néénéiitó'- vta to face s.o.; yii3é'eekuunóón- vta to face s.o.; toowú'ei- vai to have a broad, flat face; 3owe'ei- vai to have a broken face, a face that is misshapen from a fight or injury
fade: nookétee- vii to be faded
fairly: cííno'on- pv fairly, rather, intensifier
fake: ceyótow- pv false, fake
falcon: hééyei na hawk, falcon, swifthawk
fall asleep: nokohúúnoo'oo- vai to fall asleep
fall on: teesíko'ós- vai to fall on top of something and hit it
fall: céénkoo' ni 1) fall, autumn, 2) October; tóóyouni- vii to be fall, autumn; censénee' vii it has fallen down, dropped down; censénini- vii it has fallen down, dropped down; censíne- vai 1) to fall down, 2) to be born; ceníse' vii it has fallen down, fallen out; cenís- vai to fall; ce'síne- vai to fall back down
false: ceyótow- pv false, fake; ceyótobee- vii to be false
familiar: néhtiihí- vii to be known, recognized, familiar
famine: hésnóót ni 1) hunger, 2) famine; hesnóótiini' vii there is hunger, there is famine; heesnootííni' ni famine
fancy: hoosóó- vii to be fancy; hoosóó- vii to be fancy
far away: beebei'ón particle far away, way over there; ciixóotéé- vii 1) to be far away, 2) to be long ago, from long ago; ciisííhi' adv far away; nó'oo' particle far away from the camp circle; ciixóku- vai to be far away; ciixootéé- vii to be far away
far: ciis- pv 1) far in distance, 2) long in time; beexéhceníín- pv a little farther away from the speaker; héí'ii'ííhi' adv as far as, up to a particular point; ciinó'onícisííhi' adv fairly far; céniisííni particle far; cíisíniihííhi' adv far along (e.g. a path, stream); ciiskóx3ííhi' adv far on the other side of a hill or mountain, far over the top of a hill or mountain; ciixó'obéé- vii places are far apart, it is far from place to place; céniixóotéé- vii to be far
farm: ciinóuu- vai to farm
farmer: ciinóúhuu na farmer
fart: cééti- vai to fart, break wind, pass gas
farther: wo'wúúhu' adv farther along
fast: betéésibí- vai to go on a vision quest and fast; nih'inéésee- vai to walk fast; nokóóyeiníiitowóót- vti to ask for s.t. through the process of fasting; hésiinootéíhi- vai 1) to be fast, have fast reflexes, 2) to be reckless; nokóóyei- vai 1) to fast ritually, 2) to be thirsty; neehéíso'óó- vai to be equally fast; héso'óó- vai to be fast (especially in running)
fasten: noto'óh- vti to fasten s.t.
fasting: nokooyóót ni fasting
fat: woxniinen ni bear fat; níinén ni fat, lard, tallow; kooxceiít na a fat person or animal; kooxcééyoti' ni fat; kooxcéií- vai to be fat; koxceií- vai to be fat
father in law: nesí3ee na-dep my father in law
father: neisónoo na-dep my father, my uncle
favor: hííxonih- vta 1) to be useful to s.o., 2) to do s.o. a favor; ho3í'eeb- vta to ask s.o. a favor, ask s.o. to do something; ho3í'eebee- vai to be asked a favor, be asked to do something; niiyeih- vta to do s.o. a favor
fear: híis- vta to be afraid of s.o., fear s.o.; tiit- vti to be afraid of s.t., fear s.t.
feather: hiisíítookoxúúnee vai to earn a feather, as a symbol of a brave deed; bíií na feather, plume; nííxookúúnee- vai to be wearing one feather, have one feather on one's head; níítootoxúúnee- vai to be wearing six feathers, have six feathers on one's head; níísookúúnee- vai to be wearing two feathers, have two feathers on one's head; hítookooxúúnee- vai to earn a feather (through a brave deed); nóóko3óni' ni white tail feather of an eagle
February: heneene3ebeihit na February
feces: bee ni excrement, feces
fed up: cíísibih-- vta to make someone frustrated or fed up
feeble: hetebínouhúúni- vai 1) to be pitiful, 2) to be feeble, 3) to be poor; hoowtei'éíhi- vai-NEG to be feeble
feed: hoxób- vta to feed s.o.; bíí3ihiin- vta to give s.o. food, provide s.o. with food, feed s.o.
feel bad: woxóuubéíhi- vai to feel bad
feel right: ni'óxon- vta to make s.o. feel right, cause s.o. to feel right
feel: notii3ín- vta to grope around for s.o., to feel around for s.o.; notii3ín- vti to grope around for s.t., to feel around for s.t.; biisíh- vta to feel s.o.; biistii- vti to feel s.t.; biisí3- vti to feel s.t.
female: hóxehísei na female animale
fence: coowooceiise' ni 1) wire, 2) fence made from wire; cóoó' ni 1) corral, fence, 2) trap for game animals such as elk; 3í'ookuu3óó ni fence post; nii3oxoeyéí- vai to build a fence, repair a fence; nii3oxoeyóó ni 1) fence, 2) corrall; nookoxóeén- vti to fence off an area with willows
ferret: coo3oniiseihon na black-footed ferret
fetch water: nookohéí'i- vai to fetch water, get water
fetch: no3- vta to fetch s.o., seize or grab s.o.
fever: hesxóúh'u- vai to have a fever, to be feverish, to be hot; hesxúhu'í- vai to have a fever
few: beenihéhe' particle a little bit, few
field sagewort: ciwoniinóókhoosé' field sagewort, wormwood, scientific name Artemisia campestris
field: hee3éí'oxóeení' ni field
fifteen: yoo3óniiní- vai fifteen (an.); yoo3óniini' vii fifteen (inan.)
fifth: yóó3oní'owoo- vai 1) to do something five times, 2) to be the fifth one; yoo3oyó'owoo- vii to be fifth; yoo3oyó'owoo- vai to be fifth
fifty: yóó3oyoo' vii fifty
fight: bóó3etíít ni fighting, war, battle; bóó3etí- vii there is a fight, there is a battle; bóó3etí- vai to fight with one another, do battle; bóó'ei- vai to fight
figure out: téceenéét- vti to guess s.t., try to figure s.t. out, calculate s.t. in one's mind
filing cabinet: 3éíyoó ni container, cupboard, filing cabinet
fill: notóóbe'éítii- vai to fill a hole; hiixóóko- vta to fill a pipe; hííxoxónoh- vta to fill s.o.; hííxoxónotíí- vti to fill s.t.
film: ce'ískuu3óó ni 1) film, movie, 2) equipment that displays a film or movie such as a projector or television
filthy: wotóxoobéíhi- vai 1) t