Yurok dictionary

chek'-wehl prayer seat, "stone 'seats' on mountains ... They are semicircular walls of mortared stones, a yard or two across, three or four feet high", flat place in front of a cliff

che-lel' kingfisher, killdeer

che-meen hog's fennel, doctor's pain

che-noh red cod

che-po-reg be cold weather

che-po-re-ge'hl it is cold weather

che-po-re'hl it is cold weather

che-puer' be steep (of water), a little waterfall

che-ree-kue' swamp robin

chey-chey-yes mosquito

che'-loy'hl it is dry weather, it evaporates, the river is narrow

cheee-gery huckleberry

cheeek he-goh money snake

cheeek mehl 'ee-'ee-kew money snake

cheeep nuthatch

cheee-shep' flower, flowering plant

chee-kee chicken

chkem-koh flint used in face tattooing

chkeep-'or' a type of plant

chkeep-'erhl snowdrop flower

chkee'-wor clover

chkoh-peen blackcap, wild raspberry, black raspberry

chkwe-ges hair seal

Chkwe-ges 'O Rek-'eeen a rock in the Klamath below 'Rnr'

Chkwe-ges 'Wa-'aag a sea-stack, the larger of the Turtle Rocks near Patrick's Point

chkwohl steelhead

chme-gok coyote

chmey yesterday, late

chmey-yaan yesterday

chmey-yok-see'hl it is evening, it is dusk, it is late

chmey-yo-nen be evening, evening

chmey-yo-nen hoo-gech evening star

chmey' it is evening

chmuuek wild cat, bobcat

choh-keeks gnat

choh-pos fly (insect)

Cho-keek a place just upriver from Sregon; also called Sreg Pech

Cho-keek 'WeRoy the creek at Chokik

cho-mee'sh noon

choo-lekw down, downhill

choo-lew below, downhill

choo-na-'a-wech fourth month in old Yurok calendar, four months

cho-rek'-week nee merk green heron

cho-rek'-week nee 'werrp moth

cho-ree-mew' "the name of the beaver in a myth"

chpe-gaa cormorant

chper-ger' razor clam

cher-gee-kue' swamp robin

cher-geesh a small woodpecker

cher-ger-cher-yerh kingsnake

cherh-ker-yehl they are bright colored

cherkw jump center (in the brush dance), bird's tail

cher-nuep licorice fern

cherr-nuen sprout, young plant

cher-wer-ser' seventh month in old Yurok calendar

Chue-lue Bald Hills

chue-lue nee ne-ge-neech jumping mouse

chue-lue nee nep wild parsley

Chue-rew Trinidad, Tsurai, the Indian town at Trinidad

Chue-re-wa' Trinidad Head (a large rounded promontory at Trinidad, almost separated from the mainland)

chue-rey mountain

Chue-rey Trinidad, Tsurai, the Indian town at Trinidad

chween say, speak, pray

chween-kah pray together

chween-ke-pek' I say, I speak, I pray

chween-kor word

chween-kuek sayings, language

chyew' make music

chye'-wol musical instrument

chye'-wo-lek' I make music, I play music

chyer-'ery' black bear

chyer-'ery' 'ue-moh-ka' a tree with long red berries

chyer-'ery' 'uep-yah bearberries

ch'ek wren

ch'ek'-ch'ek' wren

ch'e'-gee' black oak, live oak

ch'eee-yo' locust, cricket

ch'ee-shah dog

ch'uech-'eesh bird, small bird

haa-lop glue from a tree

haa-moh bear grass, used in basket making

heyr-puech ant

heyr-puen mint, mint tea

ha-'aag rock

ha-'aag nee ye-guen alum root

he-ga'p-'oh cottonwood

he-goo-mue-mek' I say, I speak to

he-goo-re-keech yerba buena tea, vine tea

he-gor month

he-go-yekw pine squirrel, flying squirrel

hehl-kew in the mountains, mountain

hehl-keek inland, in the mountains

Hehl-keek 'WeRoy Klamath River

hehl-kue ashore, on land

Hehl-kue Serr Maynot Creek

hehl-kues-leg live surf fish, smelt

he-kwol' butter clam

he-kwol' son' oyster

hekw-sa' whale

hekw-sa' 'ue-mer-'erx baleen

he-wee-yem' dentalium shell, 2 inch

he-wo-mes a large plant growing in swampy places, a plant made into humonah by pounding in hot water

he-wo-nehl red eagle

he-wo-nohl supernatural bird

he-wo-no' condor

he-woy surf fish

hey-yo-mues skunk

he'-mee' pigeon

he'-wo-nek wild oats

heech-mey the day before yesterday

hee-choo below, downhill, a little bit downhill

hee-choy below, underneath

hee-koch across (water)

hee-koh across (water)

hee-kon formerly, once, long ago, in the past

hee-ko-nee formerly, once

hee-ko'ch-'uek across (water)

hee-meyr below, under, underneath

hee-meyr-keek below, underneath

hee-ma-'erk-'uek below, underneath

hee-mech front, in front

hee-nahpch behind (a person), following behind

Hee-neg a Tolowa town on Smith River, Smith River

hee-noy after, behind

hee-noyk after, behind

hee-no' after, behind, following

hee-pech upriver, upstream, a little bit upriver

hee-puer a little bit downriver, down below, northward

hee-pue-rey-yow northward, toward the (Klamath) river mouth

heer inland, north side

heer-ken inland

heer-keek inland

hee-toy here

hee-woh across the sea, halfway

hee-won above, a little way above

Hee-wow a house in Rek'woy

hee-wo'-neek above

hee'nk-'ehl white oak

hlkehl land, ground, clay, dirt

hlke-leek-ra' shrew, mole

hlkey-yom clay

hlke'-goop' slug, banana slug

hlke'-mah ladder, stepping stones

hlke'-mohl-kek' I shut up

hlkohl mud

hlkoo-lon be muddy, mud

hlkerhl-ker-peech spotted fawn

hlkerr-wers lizard, salamander, water dog

hlkwer-terkws frog

hlmey-yep-'eer' rattlesnake

hlmey-yeep-'eyr' rattlesnake

hlper-gerp' flounder

hl'e-kwe-le-chek' I snore

hl'ew-kwe-lee-nee-chek' I snore

hl'ew-kwe-lo-chek' I snore

hl'oh-kohl 'we-nerh thunder berry

hl'oh-ko'hl it thunders

hl'er-keech large wild rose with big hips

Ho We-goh a flat near the Klamath

hoh-kem eleventh or twelfth month in old Yurok calendar

Hokt-kehl a promontory on the north side of Trinidad Head

ho-leehl hazel shoot, hazel sticks (used in basket making), hazel

ho-leehl kaap' hazel

ho-leehl 'wer-nerh hazelnuts

ho-mo-nah live oak

hoo-gech star

hoo-gech neeen' astronomer

hoo-gech 'uem falling star

hoo-ge-choy be starry (night)

Hop-'ew a village in the current location of Klamath

Hop-'ew Puel 'WeRoy a gully upriver from Hop'ew

Hop-'ew 'WeRoy a creek downriver from Hop'ew

hot-mon baby rabbit

ho'-gon north wind, storm

ho'-mo-no' tanoak

ho-'o-lek brake fern, bracken fern

ho-'ow cedar

her-gerr-werhl flowering dogwood

herhl-kerh brodiaea bulb, bulb, potato, tumor, tumor

herk'-werh cottontail rabbit, bunny rabbit

herk'-werh 'ue-peeesh peas

herk'-werh 'wech-pe-geyr' California poppy

herk'-werh 'we-nep pale sweet pea

herr-ner' barnacle

hue-hue-huer-cheen a type of wren

hue-pue-pos a big black bug, stinkbug, tumblebug

Huep-'oo Hupa

Huep-'oo nee herk'-werh jackrabbit

hue-'ueh nut

hue-'uuep' hazel

kaa-meg be bad weather

kaa-me-ge'hl it is bad weather, it is stormy

kaa-mes evil water creature, shark

kaa-mes 'ue-kaap' skunk cabbage

kaa-mes 'wer-nerh slim solomon

kaa-moh twelfth or thirteenth month in old Yurok calendar

kaa-mo-pee' rough water, rapids

kaap' gather greenery, leaf, leaves, greenery, brush, grass, the wild

kaap-'ehl brush (vegetation)

kah-kah sturgeon

kah-kah 'we-nep hog's fennel

keyr-kehl ringtail, ring-tailed cat

ke-chee' it is daylight

ke-choy all day

ke-ges dried surf fish

ke-get panther, puma, mountain lion

ke-gey' there is lightning

ke-gor porpoise

ke-go's-neg seagull

kehl-kem red clay, floor

ke-lok goose

ke-lo-mehl fall, autumn

ke-lo-mok-see'hl it is a period of time (month, season, year?)

Ke-nek a village on the Klamath

Ke-nek Puel a village downriver from Kenek

Ke-nek 'WeRoy Tuley Creek

kep-che-neesh fawn

kep-toh horseneck clam, Washington clam

ke-ro-me-cha' sugar pine tree, bullpine, Ponderosa pine

kes down

ke-so-me-wet on the left

ket-'oh there is a lagoon, body of still water, lake, lagoon

Key-kem a village on the Klamath

key-yoh early fall, early autumn

key-yoh-ke-moh early fall, early autumn

key-yo-mop' whirlpool

key-yo-wey-yues entrance from the ocean into a lagoon

ke'-ween eel

ke'-ween 'ue-peyr redbud

ke'-ween 'we-leen hail

ke'-ween 'wer-nerh Indian peach

ke'y-pe'hl there is a flicker of lightning

keehl redwood tree

Keehl 'O Tep Hee-meyr a fishing place on the Klamath

Keehl 'O Tep 'WeRoy a creek on the Klamath

keekw-ten moss, rotten wood

kee-puen be winter, winter

kee-shen be summer, summer

klew waterfall

kle-'uep-'oh clover, brush, flora

Knet-ken 'O Loo a large boulder in the Klamath downstream from Muurekw

kne-wo-lek sea serpent

kne-wo-le-ta' eighth month in old Yurok calendar

Knew-sep a long prairie

Knuehl a fishing place (where there is deep water) off Moore's Rock

knuuue hawk, small yellow-brown hawk

koh-chaa-wech sixth month in old Yurok calendar

koh-chehl soaproot, soapwort, large brodiaea bulb, wild potato

koh-che-wech first month in old Yurok calendar, one month

Koh-pey Crescent City, site of Crescent City

ko-ko-new pileated woodpecker, redheaded woodpecker

kot-ko-teer' wild celery

kot-ko-teer' 'ue-se-gon gambleweed

ko-yaakw' starfish

koy-kuuel' hollow rock (lucky)

koy-poh in the morning, early, early morning

koy-poh hoo-gech morning star

ko'-ses crab

ker-ger-peehl dentalium shell, 2 1/2 inch

ker-ger-'er-mer-chek' I speak Karok

kerh-kerh small turtle

kerhl-kerh small turtle, crab

kerhl-kerh se-gon scorpion

kerh-peen thimbleberry, thimbleberry tree

kerh-peen 'ue-se-gon a tree with fluttering leaves used in a medicine

kerh-per' thimbleberry tree

kreeech a plant used as a herb

ker-ker-ner-weech daddy longlegs

kerm-serhl large white edible mushroom

kerr-cherh mountain ridge

kerr-mer-cher' ninth month in old Yurok calendar

kerr-neet duck hawk, gerfalcon, chicken-hawk, falcon

Kerr-neet 'Wo'Ol' Little Trinidad Head (a promontory near Trinidad Head)

kery-cher-gerh braid one's hair, mink

kery-cherhl ringtail, ring-tailed cat

ker'-merkws tan-oak mushroom

kuech-kuech angleworm, worms for bait

kue-reesh the end of a net, the point of a V-shaped mark, used for calendar keeping, made in a slate slab in the floor of a sweat-house

kuern-kuern the inside of a salmon's head, gristle in salmon's head

kwa'-ree' a brown bird, darker on breast with black specks, red eyes

kwe-cho-yekw ground squirrel

kwe-ge-ruer' pig, hog

kwe-gey kingsnake

kwe-gokw raven

kwe-saa-ge'-lew' someone who is hoarse, someone with a harsh voice

kwe-saa-le-wek' I am hoarse

kwe-saa-lo-chek' I speak hoarsely, I sing hoarsely

kwes-cheen strawberry

kwey-kwey-yuer whistle

kwey-kwey-yue-ro-wok' I whistle a song

kwey-yuech a bird now extinct

kweech a plant (sp.) with large leaves

kwom-ke-pek' I groan

kwo'-ror' candlefish

kwerch a plant (sp.) with large leaves

kwerh-kwer-yer-chek' I whistle

kwerr-meech black chiton, poor man's abalone, soft-shelled abalone, China slipper

kwery-kwer-yerch screech owl

kwer-yer-chek' I whistle

kwer-yerh whistle, whistle

kwer-yer-wek' I whistle (esp. in calling someone)

kwery-terp an edible plant with white flowers

kwer-yue-mek' I whistle to (someone)

kwer-'er-'ee' towhee (bird)

kyah rise (sun or moon), spring (season), vernal

kyah-che-nee vernal

kye-seks gopher

kyo-sekws gopher

k'e-ro-se-gon scorpion

k'etk-'ehl sweet colt's foot

k'e'-go' there is lightning

k'ooy' jay, bluejay

k'oo'ych-'ee jay, bluejay

k'errch' crow, flock of crows

k'errch' 'we-cheee-shep' lupin

k'errch' 'wer-nerh twinberry

k'err' crow

k'err' se-gon blackbird

k'yow swan

laa-mo-hlek' I make a noise by pounding

laa-peesh-kah along the seashore

la-'a-sehl a poisonous plant (sp.)

le-gech mudhen, coot

le-ge-mem ruffed grouse (locally also called pheasant)

Le-gep-'ew a hole or cave on the southwest side of Trinidad Head

lehl-kem skunk cabbage leaves

lehl-koo' fall, be heard (noises)

le-kee-ta' backbone (of fish), spine (of fish)

le-ko-nee hoo-gech falling star, shooting star

lekw outside, out

le-kwo'hl it falls in (a building, etc.), it fills the air (a noise)

lekw-sew outside

lekw-see outside

le-me-ge'hl there is a loud noise

le-mem' rumble

len-kwe'hl it is overcast, there is an eclipse

lep-choh fur

lep-te-nok cloud, clouds blowing

lep-te-nok-see'hl it is cloudy, it gets cloudy

lep-te-noyhl be cloudy, be misty

lew-kwe-nohl be cloudy

ley-chehl blackberry

ley-yes snake

ley-kwehl noise in the air similar to infants crying (bad omen)

ley-yo-lekws snake, water-snake

le'-go' fisher

le'-wol' greasewood, snowbrush

lo-cho-muuek tadpole

lo-chom' toad

loh-kwo'hl it is dull weather

loh-pee'hl clouds gather, it is cloudy

loh-tuen lingcod, snapper

lok-see'hl it is a year

lo'-leephl sting of insect, fang of snake

lo-'o-ge-new dark things

lo-'o-ge-nee dark

lo-'o-gey be black, be dark-colored (human beings, tools, etc., plants, etc., trees, etc., body parts, utensils, clothes, worms and ropes, etc., flat things, house, boats)

lo-'o-gey-yo-wok' I am black, I am dark-colored (human beings, tools, etc., plants, etc., trees, etc., body parts, utensils, clothes, worms and ropes, etc., flat things, house, boats)

lo-'o-ge'-rok' I am black

lo-'o-ge'-ron' it is black, it is charred (trees, sticks, etc.)

ler-gerl' buzzard, vulture

lerp-sue-wery' it is covered in mist

lerp-ter-nue-'er-wery' it is bad weather

ler-'er-gerh be black, be dark-colored, (round things) coffee

ler-'er-gery be black, be dark-colored (animals, birds)

ler-'er-ger-yek' I am black, I am dark-colored (animals, birds)

ler-'er-geryhl be black, be dark-colored (water)

ler-'er-geryk be black, be dark-colored (water)

ler-'er-gerysh dark-skinned person

luuehl long grass, wild iris, iris stem (used for twine), twine

maak'-weet'-p'ohl camp robber

maay clear (of weather), pass by

mah-kew salal

mah-kuehl salal berry

me-chaa-nep' tansy, yarrow, wormwood

me-gah swallow (bird)

me-ge-seek weasel

me-gey 'o'-ro-wee' mourning dove

me-gokw dog, barking dog

me-go-'oh pepper nuts, pepperwood nuts

me-ger-seek weasel

mehl che-gee-shew shootingstar (flower)

mehl re-gookw-seen cheee-shep' mission bells (plant)

mehl se-ges-'ew shooting star

mekw-chek snail

mekw-choh sea snail

mekw-ta' stump

Me-leg a sea-stack between 'O Segen and the mouth of the Klamath

me-no-men Juneberry

me-ro-yoo fifth month in old Yurok calendar

me-rueh che-go-'o-nep' five-point buck

me-sen' lichen for dyeing yellow, yellow moss, tree moss

mes-kaap' leaves, leaves used for flavoring and storing seaweed

mes-kwe-rek the poisonous entrails of an eel

mes-kwe-rep straw, dry grass

mes-te-nekw ferns used to line baskets

met-koh gumboot chiton, poor man's abalone, soft-shelled abalone, China slipper

mew blow in a particular direction (of wind)

me-wech' it blows (wind), the wind is blowing in this direction

me-we's

me-weehl elk

Me-weehl 'O Le-gehl Cann's Prairie (on the ridge of the Bald Hills above the mouth of Redwood Creek)

me-weehl 'ue-se-gon canvasback

me-weehl 'wech-pe-geyr' fat solomon, false solomon's seal

me-weehl 'wes-'ech elk horn

me-wee-peehl waist, tree trunk

me-wom gophersnake, bullsnake

me-wo-mech' it blows in a particular direction (of the wind)

Me-wo-me-kwehl a flat area by Trinidad Head, now a parking lot

me-wo-roh it is clearing (of weather), clouds are gone

me'-gech trillium

me'-woo a fish (sp.)

me'-yehl stinging nettle

me'-yehl 'ue-se-gon soft-leaf nettle, dumb nettle

me'yk'-we-lep poison ivy

me'yk'-we-luuep' poison oak

meeeks raag back string of an eel or sturgeon

moh-ka' wild gooseberry, wild currant

moh-koh head louse, head lice

mokw-chech nightfish

mo'-lekws moth

mo-'oh-peer fog

mo-'oh-peerk be foggy

merk crane, heron

merk 'we-cheee-shep' lupin, lupine

mer-kwerhl mountain, peak, hill

mer-kwer-merkw mountain

mer-kwer-mer-kwerhl mountain chain

merkw-teeks crane

mer-ner's fish skin

merr a sea bird whose eggs are eaten

merrn river duck

merr' baccharis consanguinea (plant)

mer-wer-sees-hleg biting lizard

mer'-lues a small bony river fish, sucker fish

mer-'erh skin, hide, fur of animal

mer-'err-wer' mock orange

mer-'erx gills

mue-lah horse

muel-muel wild currant

mue-lo-muel wild currant

muen-cheyr' be white (trees, etc.)

muen-chey be white

muen-chey-yo-wok' I am white

muen-che'-ron' it is white (tree, tree blossoms, etc.)

muen-chok's it is white (flat things)

muen-cherh be white, (of round things) be light-colored (of plants, etc.)

muen-chers fair-skinned person, white animal or bird

mue-nee-per-nee thistle

muen-ters fair-skinned person

muen-ter-'ery be white (animals, birds)

muen-ter-'er-yek' I am white (animals, birds)

Mue-rekw a village on the Klamath

muer-'uern' river duck, "evidently the sawbill or merganser", "white duck"

mues-mues cow, bull, cattle

muuehl-muuehl berry of Indian peach tree

muue-lo-muuel Indian peach, mulberry, wild currant

nahs-che-wen night

nahs-chueh last night

na-'a-wech second month in old Yurok calendar, two months

ne-gah swallow (bird)

ne-gah-se'-wey rainbow

ne-ge-neech mouse, bastard child

ne-ge'hl the weather is (a certain way)

Ne-go-no' a place below Keykem

ne-go-'ep' forked-horn buck, two-point buck

ne-keech-wey rainbow

ne-kwel porcupine

ne-nee-pekw' sucker fish

ne-nee-puech' sucker fish

ne-neer' black salmonberry

nep wild parsley, greens, hay

ne-pe'-weesh fish (generic)

ne-pe'-weesh-neg otter

ne-pe'-woo the first salmon to run (up the Klamath river), a variety of fish, different kinds of fish

ne-po-yech clover

ne-po-yoch greens, hay

ne-po-yon wild parsley, greens, hay

ne-puey salmon

ne'-muuep' vetch, lupine

neee-gem flint, obsidian

nee-kwech grizzly bear

nee-kwech 'wer-nerh red gooseberry

Nohch-kueh a village on the Klamath

Nohch-kueh Hee-koh a place across the river from Nohchkuh

noh-pet-'ekws dry-salmon maggot or beetle, black bug, weevil, stranger

noh-soo tenth month in old Yurok calendar

no-leet burl (on a redwood tree)

noo-chek' I make a noise

noo-loo-chek' I answer

noo-sooch noise made by something living

no-so-nos tick (insect)

nos-pew skate, a mythological character

now away

now-rep'-ch'oy weed

noy-kwos shrew

nerh-pery berry

nerh-per-yuuep' huckleberry bush

ner-ler-mer-kerhl stump

nerrgr barnacles

ner-yert duck, ducks

paa-mew octopus

paa-moh kelp (seaweed)

paa-mues octopus

pah-kwo' willow, red willow

pa-'aahl 'o-lo-new hlkehl island

pa-'aahl 'werrp' dragonfly

pa-'aap' ladyfern, woodwardia fern (dyed in alder juice and used in basket making)

pa-'aap' se-gon a fern (sp. ?California wood fern)

pa-'a-reek se-gon trillium

pe-cheek up river, upstream, far upriver

pech-kue upriver, upstream

pe-chog sugar-pine nut

pe-cho-goo' sugar pine with long cones

pe-cho-loo' sugar-pine tree

pe-chow upriver, upstream

pe-chue upriver, upstream

pe-geyr' yellowhammer

pe-geehl mues-mues bull

pe-goy flicker, yellowhammer

pehl-kohl pebbles, gravel

pehl-koo pebble

pe-ko-yeyr' be red (round things, tools, etc., plants, etc., body parts, utensils, clothes, worms and ropes, etc., houses, boats)

pe-ko-ye'-ron' it is red (round things, tools, etc., plants, etc., body parts, utensils, clothes, worms and ropes, etc., houses, boats)

pe-ko-yoh be red

pe-ko-yok's it is red (flat things)

pe-ko-yop' it is red (water)

Pe-kwon Pecwan (a village on the Klamath)

Pe-kwon 'WeRoy Pecwan Creek

Pekw-tehl a rock in the Klamath River near Pekwon, a sea stack by Stone Lagoon

Pekw-tuehl a village between the Klamath and Trinity where they meet

Pe-leen Kerr-cherh the ridge above Pekwtuhl

pe-mey grease, cooking fat, oil, liquid fat, blubber

pe-mo-yekw rock dish, a hollowed rock used in cooking to collect grease drippings

pes-'es hemlock

pe-ton small red clover with edible roots

pe-wo-lah terrace, stones used to pave a floor

pey-ken colored mud

pe'-weesh lake porpoise

pe'-wol soapstone

peeesh pea

peesh-kaahl ocean, sea

peesh-kaahl nee ha-'aag 'ue-mep-'o sea moss type

peesh-kaahl nee kem' seafood

peesh-kaahl nee re-gook sea trout

peesh-kaahl 'o koh seafood

peesh-kah salt, sea, ocean

peesh-ka-'eek nee ke'-ween moray eel

peesh-'on scale of fish

pee-'eeh mussel

pee-'ee-tah ironwood

pee-'ee-yers fresh-water clam, razor clam

pkwo-'o-lo' maple

ple-gel' great cinereus owl, hoot owl (bird of ill omen)

plee'-wes gray squirrel

plee'-wo-res a kind of owl

ploo-saakw black oak acorn

plerr-ger-chek' I talk too loud

plerr-sek' I make a loud noise, I am loud

Pluel' Fish Lake, on the mountain above Weitchpec and Bluff Creek

poh-sey madrone berry, holly berry, Christmas berries

pon-chech gray deer, white deerskin

pon-ches white deer

pon-tet ashes

pookw screech owl

po-po-luehl skunk cabbage

Poy-koh 'O Lep a knoll just north of Big Lagoon

pre-go-neesh condor

pre-goos condor

pre-wo-rehl screech owl

per-geesh bald eagle, eagle, golden eagle

Prgeesh 'O Chye-guuekw' a sea stack near 'R Hlrgr'

per-gern small willow, blue willow

per-gers-'erh manzanita berries, manzanita vine

per-ger' Oregon oak

per-germ' seal

per-ger-'erh sea boots (a sea creature)

per-ger-'erh black oak

per-ger-'erh woo-mehl black oak acorns

per-gery' moldy acorns, sorrel

perhl-kwerh be gray (round things)

perhl-kwer-'ery be gray (animals and birds, worms and ropes, etc.)

perhl-kwer-'ery' it is gray (animals and birds, worm and ropes, etc.)

per-ker-yerh be red (round things)

per-ker-yer-'ery be red (animals, birds, human hair)

per-ker-yer-'ery' it is red (animals, birds, human hair)

per-ker-yue-'er-wer-yek' I am blushing, I am sunburnt

per-kwer-ner' Indian rhubarb

per-kwery hills, the back of a house, the rear part of a house

per-mer-yerh rock used to make pemoyekw, waterproof, water-resistant, rainproof, smooth

pern-cherch dust

pern-cherh be gray (deer)

perr-ne-keesh dead eel in water

perw-kween onion

per-werh south

per-werw south, town

per-wery south

per-'erk dried mussel

puel below (lower down the river)

pue-le-kuek down river, at the river mouth

pue-lekw down river, at the river mouth

pue-lews daddy longlegs

pue-leek down river, far down river, at the river mouth

Pue-leek Serr-nery Hunters Creek

pue-lo-yoh below (lower down the river)

pue-mo-nah redbud

puer north (in the direction of the Klamath River mouth)

pue-rey-yow north (in the direction of the Klamath River mouth)

pue-see cat, house cat

pue-see 'wech-pe-geyr' cat's ears

puuek deer, deer meat

puuek ne-go' slender bird, 3 to 4 inches long, lives in the brush

puuek 'werhl-kerh firecracker (plant)

puuek 'wech-pe-geyr' bluebell

puuek-tek deer

puuen cherry

puue-no-maap' dogwood

pue'-nos tumble bug

pyaap' manzanita tree, manzanita bush

pyaap'-tery be reddish, be manzanita-colored

pyah manzanita berry

pye-gaa-goh eleventh month in old Yurok calendar

pyer-kerm roasted green acorns, acorns cooked in shells, freshly cooked acorns

raak creek

raak nee yey' stem of maidenhair fern (used in baskets)

Raa-yeep a pebbly beach at the south end of 'E'goo, by Trinidad Head

re-chah mountain ridge

re-gok trout, "sometimes translated trout and sometimes minnows"

re-ko-reks seabird nest

re-ko-yoysh white flint used for cutting

rek'-woy river mouth

Rek'-woy Requa

rep'-choy weed garden

res-'o-ges nest

rew-kwo'hl it is misty

re'-go' maidenhair fern, five-fingered fern

re'-noh feather

reeek-'ew shore, sandbar, ashore, river's edge, shore line

ree-ko-ret sparrow hawk

roh-pee'hl it clears (of weather)

roh-tuen bullhead (fish)

roo be a particular time, time, hour

roo-gech there is an echo, echo

roo-gech' there is an echo

roo-get tan-oak bark, oak bark

rookw wind

rook'ws it blows (of wind), s/he is flatulent

roo-tah sun ray

roo-tep' it is a particular time

roo-wo's he-goh a plant whose leaves are used for colds

ro-reer snow

ro-ree' it snows

ro-'oh-pee' cliff, anything inanimate standing (rocks, trees, etc.)

ro-'o-tet an edible grasslike plant with white stems

ror' it snows

rue-ro-wech dance in a particular direction, move across the sky (of stars)

saa' speak Yurok, speak our language, speak Indian

saa-'a-goch speak Yurok, Yurok language

saa-'a-goch seaweed bug

saa-'a-go-chek' I speak Yurok, I speak our language, I speak Indian

saa-'a-goh speak Yurok, speak ordinary or colloquial Yurok as opposed to 'woogey speech

sah-ksah hail, hail

sah-seep buck brush, blue blossom

Sa-'ahl a village along the Klamath

sa-'ahl 'ue'-werrp' miller moth

sa-'ahl 'wa-'ah redwood rose

sa-'ahl 'we-cheee-shep' redwood rose

sa-'am a shrub bearing red berries, "mock holly"

sa'-ro' sea anemone

sech dried strip of salmon, dried salmon fillets

sech-kes dried strip of salmon, dried salmon fillets

se-gep coyote

se-gep 'ue-pery rainbow

se-gep 'we-cheeek poppy

se-gep 'we-cheee-shep' poppy

sek-soh shell of any shellfish, sea shell

sekws parsley

sekw-sew quahog clam

sekw-soh wild parsnip

se-po-lah valley, field, prairie

se-po-lah nee ye-guen gentian

se-po-lah nee 'e'-gol meadowlark

se-po-lek valley, field, prairie

se-po-rah small valley, small clearing

se-se-wek' I whisper

se-se'-ye-wek' I whisper

ses-'eep rustle

ses-'ohl they tinkle

se-wom brown shelled acorn

sheeep sheep

seee-go-le-pew be growling (of animal)

seee-go-le-poch' it growls (of animal)

seee-ye-hlek' I hiss

see-shon brake fern (ho'olek) root

ska-'a-weehl nine bark

ske-lee down

ske-leek down

ske-leek-ra' gopher

skep-'ol wyethia angustifolia

ske-weg be good weather, be clear weather, be sunny weather

ske-we-ge'hl it is good weather, it is clear weather

ske-woo-ge-chek' I sound good

sko-yom bat (animal)

sko-yon be blue

sker-weech craftsman, a woman who makes fine designs, fine work, centipede

skue-weg be good weather

skue-we-ge'hl it is good weather

skue'-yo-lok' I like to hear, I like the sound of

slah-po' brodiaea fiber brush

sloo-wehl wild oats

sloyhl dried eel

sloyhl-ke-to' 'wer-nerh red huckleberry

smech-ken chipmunk

sme-gech white sturgeon

smes-me-mohl break up, slide (of mountainside), landslide, ravine

soch say, speak

soch-pey-ye-wek' I say, I speak, I reply

soh-chee up, on top, above, on

soo-noch sounds

soool yew

soo' cascara tree, chittamwood, cascara tree bark used as laxative

so-'oo 'we-laay Milky Way

spe-geee fish hawk, chicken hawk

sraat scrub jay

srah bluebird

Sreg Hee-koh a place across from Sregon

Sreg Pech a place just upriver from Sregon; also called Chokik

Sreg Pue-lekw a place just downriver from Sregon

Sreg Won a place just uphill from Sregon

Sre-gon a village on the Klamath

Sre-por a village site south of Churey

Srperh a village along the Klamath

serr-nerh be a particular color

serr-nerk'ws it is very windy weather

serrt apple owl

sruuek'-wee columbine, red columbine

ser-yer-kert robin, redbreasted robin

stohs-tek' small fir tree

Stoo-wen a village along the Klamath

Sue-meeg Patrick's Point

swe-goo-peehl pour with rain

swoo-pee'hl pour with rain, rain hard

swerrk'ws there is a gust of wind, wind is blowing in this direction

swery-kerh be dull-colored

sye-go-'oo grunt, make a noise

syews-yew lap (of small waves), rattle (of strings of shells)

syohs-yo-'ooch rattle (intr.)

syo-'ooch' s/he makes a noise

syo-'oo-ge-chek' I grunt, I make a noise

syo-'oo-gen grunt, make a noise

s'e-choh horn, horns, wedge

s'ey-yoh pounding stone

s'e' 'we-nerh madrone berry

s'e'-goh madrone tree

s'ok-toy be brown, be light brown, be tan

s'erk-ter-'ery be light brown (animals)

s'er-werh blue grouse

taa-nep be yellow

ta' be hot weather, be sunny

ta-'a-mo' red elder tree, elderberry bush

ta-'a-noy'hl it is hot weather, it is sunny

ta-'ehl be hot weather

te-ge-rue-mek' I talk, I pray, I make medicine

te-ge-rue-pek' I talk to myself

te-ge-tor salmonberry shoots

te-ge-to' sea eggs (sea urchin)

te-ge'-muer snowbird

te-gey' flea

te-geen' porcupine, porcupine quill, yellow moss for dying basket materials, anything yellow, canary

te-geen' ch'uech-'eesh canary

te-go-'oh dentalium shell, 2 5/16 inch, a mythological character

te-guuek dive, play like a beaver, beaver

tek-te-koh patch, stick, bedstraw (a sticky plant)

tek-to-mel' white salmon

te-kwe's owl, timber owl, largest size owl, black

tekw-seyr' heart of salmon, uvula

tekws-key manroot, wild cucumber, pickle

ten rain

te-ne-new clump of grass

ten-pe-we'hl it is raining, rain, storm

te-nue-reep mockingbird

te-poo tree, large fir tree

te-poo-nohl forest, in a forest

te-reet spotted sandpiper

te-seer beaver

te-ton rush (plant)

te-wol Pacific Ocean seaside, ocean, Pacific coast

te-wol nee te-poo spruce tree

te-wo-lew ocean, coast, Pacific coast

te-wo-lew nee te-poo Sitka spruce

tee-kwoh cove, gap in mountain

Tee-kwoh a place uphill from Keykem (formerly a prairie, now overgrown)

tee-kwohl there is a canyon, there is a low gap

Tee-kwoo the promontory between Stone Lagoon and Freshwater Lagoon

tee-kwol' canyon

tee-noo-gech' it makes a sharp sound (like a drum), it makes a metallic sound

tee'n-pe-lah be yellow

tee'np-'ehl anything yellow

tmekw-ten hollow tree, hollow stump

Tmery 'WeRoy Cannery Creek

toh talk, use language

toh-kow talk in a group

toh-poh wild iris

toh-soh doe

toh-teyr' grasshopper

toh-tehl eagle, red-tailed hawk

toh-tet eagle

toh-to-nos beetle

toh-tor' grasshopper

to-kues pelican

tok-'o-lew coo (of a baby)

to-lo-we-chek' I speak Tolowa

to-lo-woo-chek' I speak Tolowa

to-mo-wo-hlek' I chatter

ton-pe-we'hl it is showery

toy-kem camas (plant)

ter-ger-nerp mockingbird

ter-gers rat

ter-gerw speak, settle a dispute

ter-ger-wer-mek' I greet, I speak to, I talk to

terh-kuen fish head, salmon head

ter-keeek-serch a poisonous mushroom

ter-ker-kue' valley quail

ter-kerrt California woodpecker, acorn woodpecker

terk-terk mallard

terkw-term dentalium shell

tron-koh wild potato

ter-perh stem, stalk

ter-perkws acorn worm, bug holes in acorn shell

ter-perr-ner' small fir tree, large fir tree

ter-wer-mers bee, yellowjacket

ter-werr locust

tue-mo-noks tule (plant)

tue-merhl sea duck, lesser snow goose

tuuek tail of fish, salmon tail

tuuep sword fern

tuuep-tuuep sword fern

tuuuep flying squirrel

tue'-neryk a fork in a river

twe-goh raccoon

Twehl-keyr a place along the Klamath above Srpr'

twerr-nee'sh spawning salmon

t'laa-kuehl cliff, steep cliff

t'laa-so' cliff, drop off

t'le-wo-luehl drip, waterfall

t'ohl-t'ohl mud, swampy ground

t'ohl-t'ohl nee 'e'-goh monkey flower

t'ro't-'et' an edible plant

t'ue-meen' it is soft, it is tender, it is rotten

wah-kwehl perch (fish)

wah-kwe-la' poison oak

Wah-sekw a village on the Klamath, Martin's Ferry

Wa's-'ey a village at Young's Bar

we-chew chinquapin nut

we-chew sea urchin

Wech-pekw' a spring at Wechpus

wech-pues confluence

Wech-pues Weitchpec (the town), a point projecting from the north side of the river into the Klamath estuary

we-gah dentalium shell, 2 1/8 inch

wehl-kem groundhog

Wehl-kwew a village across the river from Rek'woy

we-lo-gooch soapstone, pitchy part of wood

we-neephl shelled acorn, cleaned acorn, dried acorn

we-no-'o-me'hl it is a particular season, season

we-no-'o-mok-see'hl it is a particular season

wen-tokws female (animal or bird)

we-wo-lon noise in the air, high piercing hollow windy sound (bad omen)

wey-yok-seep Labrador tea

we'-not wing

wee-shew be jet black

wo-gee middle, in the middle

wo-go-ruep plant whose leaves are used for wrapping fish

woh-ke-lo' pepperwood

wohl-ke-chee' it is morning

Woh-pe-kue-mew 'ue-me-sew pink honeysuckle

Woh-pe-kue-mew 'we-no-'oy lady's-slipper, calypso orchid

Woh-pe-kue-mew 'we-no-'oy se-gon pitcher plant

woh-pekw across the sea, west

Woh-pek'-wue-mew 'ue-mer'-p'erhl chickadee

woh-pew across the sea, west

woh-pewk "the direction about at right angles to the course of the lower Klamath, or roughly southwest", across the sea, west

woh-pee island

woh-puek into water

woh-pue-nee-ka' sea otter

won up, above

wo-ne-kuek up, above, on

wo-nekw up, above, uphill (from the river)

wo-nep' hill

wo-new above, overhead, in the mountains, higher, in the hills

wo-news-leg moon, sun

wo-news-le-pah rainbow

wo-neek upward

won-kew leached acorns, leaching acorns

won-ke-wek' I leach acorns, I make bread

wo-no-ye-'eek in the sky, up in the middle of the sky

wo-no-yoo up, high up

wo-nue up, above, over, on top of

wo-nue 'we-laa-ye-kah rainbow

wo-nue-kuek above, overhead

wook morning, dawn, be morning

woo-les unshelled acorn

woo-lew spawn or eggs of several fish, sturgeon eggs, sturgeon roe

woo-mehl acorns (generic), acorns (as gathered, in shell)

woop' out in the water (of an island, etc.)

woop-'ee out in the water (of an island, etc.)

woop-'eek out in the water (of an island, etc.)

wooyhl all night, overnight

wor-mey' 'we-cheee-shep' escholtzia

wo-rue overhead, on the surface

wo'-ke-gep cricket

wo-'o-mehl shelled acorn

werch-peet larva of the Jerusalem cricket, a mythological character

wer-gers fox

werh-kweech fir-tree bark (used for firewood)

werhl-keehl kelp

werms worm, worms

werr body louse

werr-sek' I yell

wert-peet Jerusalem cricket

wert-pers leech

wery-ch'erk puppy

wery-ch'erks puppy

wer-'er' tree toad, tree frog

wer't-nerr mare's tail, horse tail

ye-gom mountain quail

yew' the sun sets

ye'-wo-mey' the sun sets

yer' abalone shell, haliotis

yer-'er-ner' abalone shell, haliotis

'aa-moh sea eel

'ah thorn

'ah-ke-choyp' thorn, prickle

'ah-ke-choyp-'ehl mass of briar bushes

'ech-kwoh sea lion

'ehl-kehl clay

'es-kew turtle (large)

'Espew a village on the coast between Redwood Creek and the Klamath

'Espew 'O Ket-'uel' the lagoon at 'Espew

'e-waa salmonberry bush

'e-wom slug

'e'-gol call (of a bird), hoot

'e'-go-mee-moh speak Hupa

'E'goo a beach north of Trinidad Head

'ee-noh grunt

'lep-soyhl nap of fur or fabric

'lep-suen down

'Lep-toyhl 'O Pkwe-gech a reef north of Churey

'ne-kwol my fishing rock, my claim, my title, my fishing place

'O Chaahl a village site on the Klamath

'O Chaahl 'WeRe-pokw a place

'O Kaa a mountain above the Klamath

'O Kaa 'O Ket-'uel' a lake on 'O Kaa

'O Ke-gep a spring near 'O Men 'We Roy, a sea-stack near Elk Point, north of Churey

'O Ke-get-'oh a place on the sandbar by Big Lagoon

'O Ke-gey Goat Rock (a ridge between Stone Lagoon and Big Lagoon)

'O Ket-'oh Big Lagoon, a town on Big Lagoon

'O Ket-'uel' Big Lagoon

'O Kne-get a large sea-stack just south of the mouth of the Klamath, Flint Rock Head (a conspicuous promontory south of the mouth of the Klamath), a crag on a cliff at the north of Patrick's Point, a rock in the ocean near the mouth of Luffenholtz Creek

'O Kwe-ges sand dunes south of the mouth of Little River

'O Le-gew a place on the east side of Trinidad Head

'O Men a town along the coast north of Rek'woy

'O Men Hee-puer a village north of 'O Men

'O Men 'WeRoy Wilson Creek

'O Pe-geesh a beach north of 'Espew

'O Ple-goh a Hupa town (Ta'k'yimił-diŋ "where they stir acorn mush")

'O Pyuue-weg a village on the south shore of Big Lagoon

'O Re-gos Tucker Rock (a rock at the mouth of the Klamath River)

'O Rew a fishing place across from Weitchpec, where the current formerly struck the south shore, a bank downstream of 'Rnr', a camp-site or town on Redwood Creek, about 4 miles from the coast, just before Chilula land, a rock in Karuk territory

'O Sche-gep' the boat landing at Rek'woy, a reddish cliff north(west) of the mouth of the Klamath, a site with house-pits somewhere north of Stone Lagoon, a rock by the landing spot at Churey

'O Se-gen a village on the coast between 'Espew and the mouth of the Klamath

'O Se-gen 'WeRoy a creek at 'O Segen

'O Se-geesh a flat area along the Klamath near Wohkero'

'O Shyer-gerysh near Elk Point, "a sea rock, with two points"

'O Sle-goych a place where a trail descends, a declivity

'o slookw downhill

'O Slookw a site on the northeast shore of Big Lagoon

'O Te-guuekw a flat rock near Pekwon on the south side of the Klamath

'O Tme-kwor a village at the north end of Redwood Lagoon

'O Toh-pew a natural archway under Krrnit 'Wo-'O'l (Little Trinidad Head)

'oh-pos king salmon

'o-lo-yew' it calls (e.g. of a bird), it hoots, it makes a noise, it squeaks (e.g. of a bed)