Negation

Non-verbal phenomena

Adjectival and Adverb "negation"

For antonymic derived modifiers and agentive nouns, see Derived Modifiers.

In the case of the antonymic derivational suffix -eer, the shape is suspiciously similar to that of the verbal negative morph -i(r). More research is needed to conclude whether or not these are actually the same morph, which is entirely feasible given the verbal character of most "modifiers" in Sereer.

Prohibitive

For the semantically related prohibitive mood, see Imperatives and Procedurals.

The prohibitive is expressed by way of a preverbal, uninflected particle ba(r), which superficially resembles the negative prefix in its coda -r. It is unclear if the historical origins of the prohibitive particle are actually amenable to this proposed connection, however.

Verbal negation

Verbal negation is expressed by an affix that generally takes the shape -i(r). Its allomorphy is complex and will be examined in further detail immediately, while syntactic restrictions on its usage are gathered in the following section.

Morphological exponence

See Negative paradigms for the full attested range of subject-object agreement paradigms with negation.

The negative morph exhibits complex allomorphy and at times coalesces with neighboring vowels. It also irregularly presents a final segment -r that appears in certain contexts; in final position with the negative morphs of the shape -ee, use of -eer is seen as a characteristic of older generations' speech, and there is essentially free variation between usage of -ee and -eer in these contexts.

Present, negative:

Gloss	Sereer	Gloss	Sereer
1SG	-im	1PL	i [mut]-ee(r)
2SG	-iro'	2PL	nu [mut]-ee(r)
3SG	-ee(r)	3PL	[mut]-ee(r)

More coming Faytak 01:20, 15 December 2012 (UTC)'

Syntax

• matrix clause vs. embedded clause
• alternate future tense inflection
• How it works with reduplication

more coming Faytak 01:34, 15 December 2012 (UTC)