Serer lexicon

Nouns

Gloss	Singular	Plural	Sem. Dom.	Alt. Trans.	Session	Singular Tokens	Plural Tokens	notes
dog	ʔoɓˈoχ	ɦaʔˈɓoχ			OAD_001	Dog_02.wav, Dogs_01.wav	Dog_03.wav, Dogs_03.wav
cat	mu:s	mu:s(k'ɛ)			OAD_001	Cat_01.wav, Cats_01.wav	Cat_02.wav, Cats_03.wav
bird	ⁿdi:t̚	ti:t'		ndiiƭ	OAD_001	Bird_03.wav, Birds_02.wav	Bird_04.wav, Birds_03.wav
pig	ru:l	ʔaˈtu:l			OAD_001	Pig_02.wav, Pigs_01.wav	Pig_03.wav, Media:Pigs_02.wav
insect	ˈjɛ:jɛt	ˈjɛ:jɛt			OAD_001	Media:Insect_01.wav	Media:Insect_02.wav
spider	ˈapɔˈhɔlæʧ	ˈapɔˈhɔlaʧ		aˈpɔhɔˈlaʧ	OAD_001	Media:Spider_03.wav	Media:Spider_04.wav
ant	ɲɪ:ɲaχ	ɲɪ:ɲaχ		ɲiinaχ	OAD_001	Ant_03.wav	Ant_04.wav
butterfly	oˈfɪd	ˈχapid		oˈfɪɗ	OAD_001	Butterfly_01.wav	Butterfly_02.wav
fruit	oˈɓi:	χaˈɓi:			OAD_001	Media:fruit_sg1.wav, Media:fruit_sg2.wav, Media:fruit_sg3.wav	Media:fruit_pl1.wav, Media:fruit_pl2.wav, Media:fruit_pl3.wav
person	ʔɔˈkiːn	βiːn, ɥiːn			MF_002	Person_03.wav	People_01.wav, People_05.wav
man	ɔˈkʷɔːɾ, ɔˈkʷɔːr	goːɾ			MF_002, ED_033	Man_01.wav	Men_02.wav
fire	'fiɗel	'piɗel			JM_004
tree	'ndaχar	'taχar			JM_004
town, village	'saatɛ	'saatɛ kɛ, 'ʧaatɛ kɛ			JM_004, VW_038			ɪ~ɛ
city	'saatɛ fa'maak	'saatɛ maak kɛ			JM_004, VW_038
light	lɛ:r				JM_004
fence	a'ƭiŋg	a'ƭiŋg			JM_004	Media:040fence_01.wav		presence/voicing of final stop? aʔˈɗig - VW 040
name	gon	a'kon			JM_004, VW_038			ʊ~o
sap	go:n				JM_004, VW_038
drum	famb	a'pamb			JM_004, VW_038			a~ʌ
song	a'kim	a'kim			JM_004, VW_038
salt	o'ɟɛm	ha'cɛm			JM_004, VW_038
rumor	ˈonan	ˈxanan			JH_005			lit. 'instance of hearing'
dance	ˈoᵐbɛtʃ	ˈhaƥɛtʃ			JH_005			is this really implosive? We should check -JM
gift	tʃʰɪtʰ	tʃʰɪtʰ			JH_005
fish	lɪƥ	ˈlɪƥkɛ			JH_005			No regular plural
scale	aˈʋas	haˈbas			JH_005
tail	las, ʔaˈlas	ˈχalas			JH_005, MF_013
fin, spine	aˈƈor				JH_005, MF_022			Did not elicit plural
boat	sukʰ				JH_005			Did not elicit plural
feather, wing	aˈnaf	aˈnaf			JH_005, MF_013, JM_014
year	oˈhi:d	χaˈqi:d			VW_006
husband	oˈkor	gor			VW_006, ?
baobab tree	ƥa̰:k	ƥa̰:k			JH_012, MF_045	Media:045-baobab_01.wav
baobab fruit	ɓaak	ʔaˈƥaak			JH_012, MF_045	Media:045-baobab_fruit_02.wav	Media:045-baobab_fruits_02.wav
shell, rind	ˈɔχɔƥ	ˈhaqoƥ			JH_012, KC_007	shell_rind_01, shell_rind_02		Also (tree) bark
forest	aˈqoƥ				JH_012			No plural elicited; see also TextGrid 013
branch	aˈnaaq				JH_012, VW_038	Media:038branch_01.wav		No plural elicited
root	aˈƥaƈ	aˈƥaƈ			JH_012, MF_045	Media:045-root_03.wav
yam	haƥ	haˈqaƥ			JH_012, MF_045	Media:045-yam_01.wav	Media:045-yams_01.wav
moss	ˈna:ʋos				JH_012			No plural
wind	aˈƥaɪ				ED_017
milk	ˈʔɔsis	ˈχasis			MF_013	Media:013_milk_01.wav	Media:013_milks_03.wav
tear	ʔoˈɡoːniːtʰ	ˈhakoːniːtʰ			MF_013	Media:013_tear_03.wav	Media:013_tears_02.wav	as in crying
phlegm, mucus	ˈχaːqɔχ				MF_013	Media:013_phlegm_02.wav
urine	ˈʔasaiːd̥ʰ				MF_013	Media:013_urine_01.wav		derived from "urinate", did not elicit PL
feces	ɗuŋk				MF_013	Media:013_feces_01.wav		did not check for plural
feces (pol.)	ˈɲaʄlɔχ				MF_013	Media:013_feces_polite_03.wav		may be more than one word
manure (1)	ˈnɛːfaɾɛʔ				MF_013	Media:013_manure_02.wav
manure (2)	ʔaˈtɔs			a'tos	MF_013	Media:013_manure_2_02.wav		may be derived from some verb [tʌs]
mouse	ƈɔːχ	ƈɔːχ (maju)			MF_013	Media:013-mouse_02.wav		initial C contrast with "perceive from far off"
meat	ˈndawaɭ	ˈtawaɭ			MF_013	Media:013_meat_02.wav	Media:013_meats_01.wav
fat (as on meat)	ɡɾɛːs, ɡɹɛːs				MF_013	Media:013_fat_01.wav	Media:013_fat_02.wav	Fr. "graisse"
horn	ʔoˈʤæn	ˈχaʧæn			MF_013	Media:013_horn_02.wav	Media:013_horns_01.wav	Also word for side handles on a pot.
hoof	ʔoˈfɔχɔs	ˈχapɔχɔs			MF_013	Media:013_hoof_01.wav	Media:013_hooves_01.wav
wing	ʔaˈkant	ʔaˈkant			MF_013, ED_033	Media:013_wing_01.wav		see "shoulder"
bracelet	nˈɟara				VW_011
woman	ɔˈtɛw	rɛw			KC_003	woman_01
water	ˈfɔ:fiʔ				KC_003	water_01		also the fluid in a blister
river	ˈoma:g	ˈχama:g			KC_003	river_01	rivers_01
ocean	oˈmaag-oˌmaak				KC_003, VW_038	ocean_01
lake	ˈʔambɛ:l				KC_003	lake_01
cream, oil	ˈʔɔnɛw				KC_003	oil_cream_01
dirt, sand, land	laŋg	laŋke			KC_003, KC_041	DirtSandLand_01	DirtsSandsLands_01
mud	ˈlo:fin			ˈlofin	KC_003	mud_01
clay	ɗʊk'			ɗok	KC_003	clay_01
domesticated animals		mũːˈmin			KN_015			"general" term for livestock/domesticated animals of any type; singular not elicited.
pets		ˈcɛgɛl			KN_015			"personal" term for livestock/domesticated animals; singular not elicited.
lion	ˈɲɟogoj	ˈcogoj			KN_015			masc. and fem. forms formed with words for "man" and "woman"
sheep	mbaːl	paːl			KN_015			irregular masc. form; fem. formed with word for "woman"; homophonous with 'fishing net'
ram	suk mbaːl	suk' paːl			KN_015
ewe	ˈmbaːlndɛw				KN_015
fishing net	mbaːl	paːl			KN_015			homophonous with word for 'sheep'
vomit	ˈʔatɛkʰ				MF_022	Media:022-vomit_01.wav
blister	jaːf	ˈʔajaːf			MF_022	Media:022-blister_02.wav	Media:022-blisters_02.wav
thing used to swim	bɛˈʄir				MF_022	Media:022-thing_for_swimming_01.wav		see "to swim"; pl. not elicited
bruise, tender spot	ˈdiɾig̊ʰ	ˈʔatiɾig̊ʰ			MF_022	Media:022-bruise_02.wav	Media:022-bruises_01.wav
(big) swelling	ʔuːtʰ	ˈʔaʔuːtʰ			MF_022	Media:022-swelling_01.wav	Media:022-swellings_01.wav
wound	ɗʌj	ʔaʔɗ̥ʌj, ʔaƭʌj			MF_022	Media:022-wound_02.wav	Media:022-wounds_03.wav	E.g. knife wound. Stress varies between initial and final.
break, crack	ʔɔˈɡɛf	ʔaˈkɛf			MF_022	Media:022-crack_01.wav	Media:022-cracks_03.wav	as in a plate or a piece of wood
cough	ʔɔˈqɔtɔːχ				MF_022	Media:022-to_cough_a_cough_01.wav		same as the verb stem, pl. not elicited
snake	ˈfaŋgoːɫ	ˈpaŋgoːɫ			KN_020
rabbit	ndoːɭ	toːɭ			KN_020
worm	aˈloːtʰitʰ	aˈloːtʰitʰ			KN_020
bee	ˈŋguːran	ˈkuːran			KN_020, ED_033
duck	aˈkanaːɾaʔ				KN_020			no distinct plural form; from Fr. **canard**
elephant	ˈfaɲiːkʰ	ˈpaɲiːkʰ			KN_020
mosquito	ƥoːk	ƥoːk			KN_020
frog	faːɓ	ˈhapaːɓ			KN_020
sun	ɲɟɛc'				NB_009
moon/month	oɴɢɔɔl	xaqɔɔl			NB_009
day	ɲa:l				NB_009
week	ɲa:l/kɔm ndako:hi:du	ɲa:l/kɔm tako:hi:du			NB_009
rain	ˈatɛɓ̥				NB_009, KC_003
lightning (bolt)	ˈoxi:ɲ	xaki:ɲ			NB_009			singular refers to a single bolt of lightning, plural several
house	mbɪnd	pɪnd			NB_009
window	oˡfalantɛ:r	xaˡpalantɛ:r			NB_009			Fr. loan word, **fênetre**
door	ˡɔdɔn oma:x	ˡxaton oma:x			NB_009			lit. 'mouth of the yard'
room	andɔk	tɔk			NB_018
kitchen	ambaw	paw			NB_018
hair	ʋil	aˈʋil	pl. a'bil	ɥil	ED_010	hair_01
chest	ŋgaŋg				ED_010, ED_033
blood	fɔˈʔɔj				ED_010
spit	ˈdɔχɔ:ɲ				ED_010
belly	ɔˈfʊd				ED_010
side, rib(s)	ɔˈsa:χ				ED_010
belly button	daɓ	at'aɓ			ED_010
leg, foot	ɔˈɟaf	aˈc'af			ED_010
hip	aˈƥɛk	aˈƥɛk			ED_010
head	χoχ	aˈqoχ			VW_006, ED_017			q ~ k, o~ɔ - VW
nose	oˈɲis	ˈχaɲis			ED_017
beard	o'ratam	χatatam			JM_004
tongue, language	'ɗelem	a'ƭelem			JM_004
bone	ˈohi:ƈ	ˈaki:ƈ		(pl) ˈhaki:ƈ	JH_005
mouth, beak	ˈodon, oˈdon	ˈχatɵn, χaʔˈton		(sg) ˈodɵn	JH_005, MF_013, ED_017, VW_006
shoulder	aˈkaⁿd				JH_005			Did not elicit plural; may be same word as "wing"
hand, arm	oˈɓaɪ, oˈɓay	χaʔˈɓaɪ, χaʔˈɓay			ED_017, VW_006
elbow	ˈnonoŋɡ	χaˈnonoŋɡ			VW_006
eye	ˈakid, aˈkid	ˈakid, aˈkid			VW_006, ED_017
nose	oˈɲis	ˈχaɲis			VW_006
lip	nˈɟapʼko	ˈtʃapʼkoʔ			VW_006, ED_017
ear	nɔf	ˈnɔf, ˈnɔfkɛ, nɔf ˈmayu			VW_006, ED_017
eyelid, eyelash	ˈɲo:ror				VW_006, ED_017
eyebrow	oˈɗi:ɗi:k	haʔˈɗi:kɗi:k			VW_006, ED_017
forehead	aˈtaɡɪd	ˈakɔχ			VW_006
finger	ŋgol	ƙol		qol (NB)	JH_012, VW_038
finger, toe	ˈnɡol	ko̰l		qol (NB)	VW_006, ED_017, ED_033
butt	fuƭ	ˈapuƭ			JH_012			Also (tree) trunk
skin, hide	ɗo:l				JH_012			No plural
breast	ƭɛːn	ƭɛːn			MF_013	Media:013_breast_07.wav	Media:013_breast_08.wav
muscle	ˈɗɔːlɛʔ	ˈɗɔːlɛʔ			MF_013	Media:013_muscle_01.wav	Media:013_muscle_04.wav
biceps	ʔʌˈʄɔːχ	χaˈʔʄɔːχ			MF_013	Media:013_biceps_01.wav	Media:013_biceps_pl_01.wav
nail, claw	ˈmbambaɲ(c)	ˈpambaɲ			MF_013, ED_017	Media:013_nail_01.wav	Media:013_nails_03.wav	"nail" meaning fingernail/toenail
kneecap	ˈroʔoi	ˈhatoʔoi		o'roʔoj	VW_011
knee	ngubai				VW_011			no good recording
ankle	ngubaiˈɟara				VW_011			lit: "knee bracelet"
stomach, intestine	la:u				VW_011
throat(s)	aˈpɛ̰ɛ̰pʰ	---			VW_011
neck	oˈtʃokʰ	ˈχatʃok			VW_011
heart(s), lung(s)	χɛɛɲ	---			VW_011
heel	oˈfaaɗ	ˈχaƥaaɗ			ED_017
love	bugʰ				OAD_008	Media:Love_01.wav	Media:Love_02.wav	note the final stop in "urine"/"urinate" as well
happiness	ɗai				OAD_008	Media:Happiness_01.wav	Media:Happiness_03.wav
sadness	judnɔχ				OAD_008	Media:Sadness_01.wav	Media:Sadness_02.wav, Media:Sadness_03.wav
swim (n)	ʔaˈbɛʄ			ʔaˈbɛƈ	MF_022	Media:022-swim_03.wav		"an instance of swimming"
young lady	oˈtoog				JH_023			Age 15-22
old person	oˈnogoj				JH_023
seedling	ˈcimb				VW_038
child	onˈdɛɓ, onˌdɛɓanˈdoŋɡ				VW_038			no difference found yet
field	oˈqol	ˈhaqɔl			VW_038, KC_007	Media:038field1_01.wav, Media:038field1_02.wav	fields_01
glue	ˈkol				VW_038			Fr. loan
food/life	o’ɲoow	χa’ɲoow			JM_014, MF_029	Media:029-food_life_02.wav
food	‘ɲamel	‘ɲamel			JM_014
game	faŋas	faŋas			JM_014
bath	ɓɔgɔχ	ɓɔgɔχ			JM_014
bed	nɟɔŋg	coŋg			JM_014
road	aƭat				JM_014, VW_038	Media:038road_01.wav, Media:038road_02.wav
chair/bench	dumbul	atumbul			JM_014
something to sit on	omoofan				JM_014
Sereer person	oseereer	seereer			JM_014
Wolof person	oʔolof	olof			JM_014
Fula person	opulaane	fulaane			JM_014
Jola person	oƈoola	ʄoola			JM_014			check voicing of implosive in pl.
Sose person	osoose	soose			JM_014
place	ombiɲ				JM_021
wall	myyr	myyr			JM_021
wall	ta'baχ				JM_021, VW_038			no known diff from maχ
wall	maχ				JM_021, VW_038			no known diff from taˈbaχ
yard	maaχ				JM_021
termite	maχ				JM_021
tomb	‘amboj	poj			JM_021			I would gloss as 'grave'-KC
hyena	oˈmoon	hamoon			JH_039			same as 'bottle'
bottle	oˈmoon	hamoon			JH_039			same as 'hyena'
friend	ˈharit	ˈkarit			JH_039
enemy	oˈnoon	noon			JH_039
stranger	oˈkenar	genar			JH_039
peer	oˈkeⁿd	geⁿd			JH_039
fellow traveler	oˈjoon				JH_039			also companion, accompanier; did not elicit plural
leader	oˈjaal				JH_039			did not elicit plural
trap	ᵐbog	pog			JH_039
thief	oˈkuuƭ	guuƭ			JH_039
thief	oˈkuuguuɗ	guuguuɗ			JH_039
chief	oˈmaad				JH_039			did not elicit plural
baby	oˈŋgek	χakek			JH_039
foreskin	oˈsool				JH_039			did not elicit plural
apprentice, learner	oˈcaaɟaŋg				JH_039
teacher	oˈcaaɟaŋgin				JH_039
stove/cooking place	ndeen	teen			JM_021
table	ataabul				JM_021
book	a'teere	a'teere			JM_021
religious book	a'kaamir	a'kaamir			JM_021
shore, beach	tefes	tefes			JM_021
line	apiis	apiis			JM_021
(chess) piece	apis				JM_021
dead person	oqon	χon			MF_29, JM_030
corpse	odal	χatal			JM_030
corpse	ondal	χandal			JM_030
witch/sorcerer	onaq				JM_030
cow	naak	naak	animals		JM_030			k or q?
time	ɉaf	acaf			JM_030			“Time” as in 1 time, 2 times, etc. (Sp. vez)
dry season	ƈiid	ƈiid			JM_030
rainy season	ndiig	tiig			JM_030
pot	ˌakaˈlɛɛra	ˌakaˈlɛɛra			VW_038, VW_040, MF_045	Media:045-pot_01.wav
beach	ˈtɛfɛs				VW_038
blanket	ᵐbaiɟ				VW_024
turtle	χɔmb	ʔaˈqɔmb	animals		KN_031
bat	aˈɗɛɓ	aˈɗɛɓ			KN_031
paper	kaˈitʰ				OAD_026
bottle	omo:n				OAD_026
rope	oˈƥakʰ	ˈχaƥak			OAD_026, MF_045	Media:045-rope_03.wav	Media:045-ropes_01.wav
clothes	ˈniraχ		clothing	ˈɲiraχ	KC_025	Clothes_01
sarong	paj	'haʔɓaj	clothing		KC_025	Sarong_01, Sarong_02	Sarongs_01	tense p in singular may be ɓ̥
shirt	'ndookiʔ	'tookiʔ	clothing	'ndokiʔ, 'tokiʔ	KC_007	Shirt_01	Shirts_01	plural of shirt may be synonymous with clothes ?
shoes	'(o)ɲafaʄ̥	'haɲafaʄ̥	clothing	oˈɲafaƭ	KC_007	Shoe_01, Shoe_02		? last voiceless consonant
pants	ˈoombaɓ̥	paɓ̥	clothing	ˈombap, pap	KC_007	PantsSG_01, PantsSG_02	PantsPL_01
hat	'oomaˌhandaʔ	ˈhamaˌhandaʔ, ˈχamaˌhandaʔ	clothing		KC_007	Hat_01, Hat_02	Hats_01
sock	ˈ(o)kaʋas	ˈhakaʋas	clothing		KC_007	sock_01, sock_02	socks_01	possible loanword from Wolof or other language
earring	ˈ(o)lɔɔŋlɔɔŋ	ˈhalɔɔŋlɔɔŋ	clothing	-lɔŋlɔŋ	KC_007	earring_01, earring_02	earrings_01
necklace	t͡ʃɛk	t͡ʃɛk	clothing		KC_007	necklace_01		homophonous with chicken, though chicken requires "an article, a-"
chicken	ˈat͡ʃɛk		animals		KC_007	chicken_01		homophonous with necklace, though chicken requires "an article, a-"
tomorrow	ˈofɛɛt		time	ˈofɛɛƭ	KC_025	Tomorrow_01
egg	gɪn	ˈakɪn	animals		KC_007	egg_01	eggs_01
seed	ʔaχ	ʔaχ	plants		KC_007	seed_01
thorn	ŋgiʄ̥	kiʄ̥	plants	ŋgiiƈ, kiiƈ	KC_007	thorn_01.wav, thorn_02	thorns_01	final C is voiceless palatal implosive stop?
field	ˈosaaʋiit	ˈχasaaʋiit			KC_007	fieldALT_01	fieldsALT_01	alternative to oqol
chaperone	oⁿdiik				VW_040
outside	ˈtafil				VW_040			also P "outside of"
wooden bowl, pot	oˈroon	ˈχaʔtoon		pl. ˈχatoon	VW_040, KC_041	WoodenBowl_01	WoodenBowls_01, WoodenBowls_02,	bigger bowl. do the plural C's sound retroflex?
wooden bowl, pot	aˈsaχal				VW_040	WoodenBowl2_01		smaller bowl. sg same as pl
spoon	ˈoɓaŋg	ˈχaʔɓaŋg			KC_041	Spoon_01	Spoons_01	made from a halved hard tree fruit
spoon	aˈkuɗuʔ				KC_041	Spoon2_01		different from one made from halved hard tree fruit? pl needs to be checked
plate, cover	ˈafnir	ˈaʔafnir?			KC_041	Plate_01	Plates_01	the plural may be just a classifer plus word initial a?
feast	mbuut	puut		mbuud, puud	KC_041	Feast_01	Feasts_01	no voicing, tense t final c? retroflex?
famine	ŋgɛχ			ŋgɛɛχ	KC_041	Famine_01		no plural, semantically odd, 'when people are starving'
poverty?	oɲak				KC_041	Poverty_01		'when you don't have anything, when poor'
bucket	aˈsiʋoʔ	aˈsiʋoʔ			KC_041	Bucket_01		french loanwoard
handle	ˈdamir	oˈdamir		sg. ˈtamir	KC_041	Handle_01	Handles_01	bucket handle. VOT suggests [d] instead of unaspirated [t]
tied bundle	mbof	pof			KC_041	tied_bundle_01	tied_bundles_01	related to V fof that means to hold in ones shirt,clothes extend out? N like a hobo's bundle with corners tied. Elicited instead of 'bag(s)'
ashes	ndaʋ	taʋ			KC_041	AshesSG_01	AshesPL_01	plural also is debt for item not paid for in full
mountain, stone	ɓɪl	ˈʔaʔɓɪl			KC_041	MtnStone_01	MtnsStones_01	mountain = stone
braid	maar	haˈmaar	bodyparts		KC_041	Braid_01	Braids_01
cotton	ligitʰ		clothing		KC_041		Cotton_01
forest burnage	oɲaaj				JM_048			Not “a forest fire” but an abstract concept
money	χaalis	χaalis			JM_048
cow walker	oteefanke	deefanke			JM_048			Someone hired to walk cows from one place to another after a sale. ke is part of the word, not an article
wood/timber	ateχ	ateχ			JM_048
medicine	teχ	teχ			JM_048
firewood	oɉuƭ	χacuƭ			JM_048
lone tree trunk	aqool	aqool			JM_048			Entire trunk with no branches. I've heard that people use these for storage Faytak 07:05, 5 October 2012 (UTC)
bow (weapon)	aqali				JM_048			doesn’t include arrow
traditional drink	oɴɢalaχ	χaχalaχ			JM_048			made with millet, peanuts, baobab fruit, sugar
a trip, going	atet	atet			MF_013, JM_048			in euph. "go to the woods," see 013 TextGrid
slap	ombaƭ				JM_046
cup (1)	ʔoˈkop				MF_045	Media:045-cup_02.wav		Fr. coupe
cup (2)	ʔoˈkas				MF_045	Media:045-cup(2)_05.wav		Fr. tasse (t > k??)
fish hatchling	ʔoˈɓak	ˈχaƥak			MF_045	Media:045-fish_hatchling_02.wav	Media:045-fish_hatchlings_03.wav
knife (1)	ˈʤapil				MF_045	Media:045-knife(1)_02.wav		no pl. elicited
knife (2)	nduus				MF_045	Media:045-knife(2)_01.wav		"shaver," from ruus "to shave"
mango (1)	ʔɔˈmaŋɡo				MF_045	Media:045-mango(1)_01.wav		no pl. elicited
mango (2)	ʔɔˈmaŋɡaɾoʔ				MF_045	Media:045-mango(2)_04.wav		no pl. elicited
mortar	ʔoˈfaƥ	ˈχapaƥ			MF_045	Media:045-mortar_01.wav	Media:045-mortars_01.wav	for crushing millet; large, kept outdoors
pestle	ʔaˈʔun	ʔaˈʔun			MF_045	Media:045-pestle_02.wav		for crushing millet; large, kept outdoors
sieve (1)	taˈmɛʔ				MF_045	Media:045-sieve(1)_01.wav		Fr. tamis, no pl. elicited
sieve, sifter (2)	ˈfiɗir				MF_045	Media:045-sieve(2)_02.wav		no pl. elicited
Péthié	peʧ				MF_045	Media:045-pethie_01.wav		ML's home village; spelling provided by ML
worker	oca:ɟal	ɟa:ɟal			OAD_042	Media:worker_1.wav
reader, studier	oca:ɟaŋg	ɟa:ɟaŋg			OAD_042	Media:studier_01.wav
stealer 1	oku:ɗ̥	oku:guɗ			OAD_042	Media:stealer_1_1.wav
stealer 2	gu:ɗ	gu:guɗ			OAD_042	Media:stealer_2_1.wav
mohawk (circular)	duf				OAD_042	Media:mohawk_1.wav
planter (1)	otu:duf	du:duf			OAD_042	Media:farmer_1_1.wav
planter (2)	oqo:χoχ	χo:χoχ			OAD_042	Media:farmer_2_1.wav
net	mba:l				OAD_042	Media:net_1.wav
goat (male)	suk fambɛ			s. ˈfambɛʔ	OAD_042	Media:male_goat_1.wav
goat (female)	fambɛ reu			ˈfambɛʔ r.	OAD_042	Media:female_goat_1.wav
sheep (male)	suk mba:l				OAD_042	Media:male_sheep_1.wav
sheep (female)	mba:l reu				OAD_042	Media:female_sheep_1.wav
childless goat	odiŋg fambɛ			o. ˈfambɛʔ	OAD_042	Media:childless_goat_1.wav
baby goat/sheep	ombotɛ	χapotɛ			OAD_042	Media:baby_sheep_1.wav
pebble	gac	χakac			OAD_042	Media:pebble_1.wav
bird	ogac	χakac			OAD_042	Media:special_bird_sg_and_pl.wav		a special kind of bird that appears during rainy season (yellow and black feathers)
ring	oχɛɗ	χaqɛɗ			OAD_042	Media:ring_1.wav	Media:rings_1.wav
crocodile	fano:χ	apano:χ			OAD_042	Media:crocodile_1.wav	Media:crocodiles_1.wav
gorilla	ako:ŋg	ako:ŋg			OAD_042	Media:gorilla_1.wav
monkey	aʔkoj	aʔkoj			OAD_042	Media:monkey_1.wav
large male monkey	aɗaŋgin	ataŋgin			OAD_042	Media:male_monkey_1.wav
footpad	daŋg				NB_051			bottom of the foot of a dog or canine
hyena	oˈmo:n	xaˈmo:n			NB_051
ax	ɓa:x				NB_051
hammer	omaxto				NB_051			Fr. loanword
hammer	(o)daɟir	(xa)taɟir			NB_051			The forms without the prefixes were judged to be indefinite, or at least not definite. The unprefixed pl., taɟir was judged to be either sg or pl (i.e. not strictly pl). The prefixed forms were the ones that must be used with a postposed article.
hammer	(o)daɟtir	(xa)taɟtir			NB_051			Smth for beating/hammering something appart, where (o)daɟir is for putting something together. Judgements the same as (o)daɟir/(xa)taɟir

Numerals

Gloss	form	Alt. Trans.	Sem. Dom	Session	Sound1	Sound 2	notes
one	lɛŋk, lɛŋx			MF_002	Media:One_01.wav	Media:One_02.wav
two	ƭikʰ, ɗikʰ			MF_002	Media:Two_02.wav	Media:Two_03.wav	ƭikʰ is counting form; initial voices when quant. certain N
three	ˈtadikʰ			MF_002	Media:Three_07.wav
four	ˈnaɦikʰ, ˈnaɦeɪkʰ			MF_002	Media:Four_01.wav	Media:Four_04.wav	2nd vowel changes, see session 006
five	ˈƥɛtʰikʰ, ˈɓɛtʰikʰ			MF_002	Media:Five_02.wav	Media:Five_05.wav
six	ɓɛˈtʰu ˈfɔ lɛŋ			MF_002	Media:Six_03.wav
seven	ɓɛˈtʰu ˈʔɗikʰ			MF_002	Media:Seven_01.wav
eight	ɓɛˈtʰu ˈtadikʰ			MF_002	Media:Eight_03.wav
nine	ɓɛˈtʰu ˈnaɦekʰ			MF_002	Media:Nine_02.wav
ten	ˈhaɾˈɓɐɦaj, ˈhaɾɓɦaj			MF_002	Media:Ten_02.wav	Media:Ten_07.wav

Adjectives and Adverbs

Gloss	form	Alt. Trans.	Sem. Dom.	Session	Sound1	Sound 2	notes
invincible	χɔχ			VW_006
a lot	ˈmaju			VW_006	ALot_01
spoiled (food)	aˈfɔt			JH_012
dank	aˈho:ɲa			JH_012
strong, tough	ˈsaƭkuʔ	saƭko		MF_013	tough_01, tough_04		mod. of "meat," means "sinew" or "gristle"; derived from related V
small	nɛʋ			KC_003	small_01
big	ˈmagin			KC_003	big_01
big	ˈmaak			KC_003			see ocean
black	ɓa̰ːl			KN_015
dead	ʔɔˈhɔnuʔ			MF_022			as modifies "person"
old	'nogoju			JH_023
pretty	'mosu			JH_037			"the pretty butterfly" ofiiɗ omosu le
ugly	'parɟu			JH_037			"the ugly insect" jeejet parɟu kɛ
red	'jaχgu			JH_037
white	'ran			JH_037
senile	a'naaχaha			VW_038
cold (to touch)	aɓuuɓa			VW_038	Media:038cold(totouch)_01.wav		not clear on diff from aɓuta
cold (feeling)	ɟoɡon			VW_038
cold (to touch)	aˈɓuta			VW_038			not clear on diff from aɓuuɓa
delicious	felu			OAD_028
very, a lot	aɓaχ		aˈƥaχ	OAD_026
bitter	χaɗ		χaaɗ	OAD_028
delicious	fɛlu			OAD_028
it's correct/right/normal	aƭato			JM_014			not sure of POS
a little bit	oⁿdik			VW_040
hot	asuˈma			VW_040
young	ⁿdɛb			VW_040
today	‘χaje			JM_014
tomorrow	(o)feet			JM_014
yesterday	faak			JM_014
here	meek			JM_014
there (closer)	maana			JM_014
there (far away)	maaga			JM_014
now	ndiiki			JM_014, VW_040
second	ɗikander			JM_030
small	teɓ			JM_030			same as "young" above?

Verbs

Gloss	form	Alt. trans.	Session	Sound1	Sound 2	notes
dance	fɛtʃ		JH_005
give	tʃʰɪʔ		JH_005
measure	liiƥ		JH_005
lead, be in front	doχ		JH_039
share	fog		JH_039
steal	guuɗ		JH_039
attend, be present	maad		JH_039
kill	ʋar		JH_039
be sick	ɟir		JH_039
circumcise/be circumcised	hucoχ		JH_039			Don't know which meaning
enter	rok		JH_039
hit	naf		JH_005, ED_033
cultivate	χɔɔχ		VW_006, ED_017
urinate	said̥ʰ		MF_013
perceive from far off	ʄɔːkʰ		MF_013	Media:013_to_perceive_03.wav		any sensory input seems to work
be strong, tough	saʔɗikʰ	'saƭik	MF_013	Media:013_be_strong_01.wav		see derived ADJ
blow (wind)	ɓaɪ		ED_017
see	gaʔ		OAD_008	Media:to_see_01.wav
drink	jɛr		OAD_008	Media:to_drink_01.wav
eat	ɲa:m		OAD_008	Media:to_eat_01.wav
sit	mo:f		OAD_008, JM_014	Media:to_sit_01.wav
look	ɗɛ:t		OAD_008	Media:to_look_01.wav
swim	β̞ɛʄ		MF_022	Media:022-to_swim_03.wav		often with excrescent final vowel
cough	ʔɔˈqɔtɔːχ		MF_022	cough_01
vomit	ˈdɛkɔχ		MF_022	Media:022-to_vomit_01.wav
cut	dɛɡ̊ʰ		MF_022	Media:022-to_cut_01.wav		final is likely /g/
crack, break, explode (intr)	ɡɛf		MF_022	crack_explode_01
chop (wood)	ɡod̥ʰ		MF_022	Media:022-to_chop_01.wav		final is likely /d/
sleep	ˈɗaːn		KN_015, MF_029	Media:029-to_sleep_03.wav
transplant a seedling	ˈɟimb		VW_038
pick (a fruit)	ɗat		JM_014
play	ŋas		JM_014
have	ɉeg		JM_014
draw a line	piis		JM_021
pick up	naq		JM_030			q or k? (I think q)
fence (in)	ɗing		JM_030
rain	deɓ		JM_030
deshell, shell	χobid		JM_030, MF_045	Media:045-to_shell_03.wav		e.g., of a nut
strip away bark	χoƥit		JM_030
take a big bite	χaƥit		JM_030
chew	ʄah		JM_030
come	gar		JM_014
draw water from well	ʄew	ɲʄɛw	JM_030, KN_031
go toward	ɟof		VW_038
be crooked	aˈkam		ED_033
cry	lɔɔl	ɭɔɔɭ	ED_033, MF_029	Media:029-to_cry_01.wav
defecate	χɔɔm		KN_031
run	ɲːʄuf		KN_031
wash (laundry)	ɗap		KC_025	ToWashLaundry_01
wash	ˈlahaad		KC_025	ToWash_01		washing other things than body, but including hands
wash (body)	ɓog		KC_025	ToWashBody_01	ToWashBody_02	clip 2 features aspiration on g
cook	ɟaʋ		KC_027, MF_045	tocook_01.wav	Media:045-to_cook_02.wav	I originally wrote dʒaʋ
dream	ɗaad		MF_029	Media:029-to_dream_03.wav
hunt	χaʄlooχ		JM_046
jump	fool		JM_046
climb	ŋaaj		JM_046
descend	fudooχ		JM_046
be pregnant	fud		JM_046
be invincible/impregnable, etc.	χoχ		JM_046
slap	faɗ		JM_046
look for/search	waaƭ		JM_046
buy	ɉik		JM_046
sell	ɉikooχ		JM_046
look for, look around	ʋid		VW_040
go along (e.g. a road)	ɓɛɛr		VW_040
follow	rɛɛf		VW_040
be	rɛf		VW_040
stick to	ƭap		VW_040
hold in shirt,clothes	fof		KC_041	ToCarryInShirt_01	ToCarryInShirt_02	related to mbof, pof 'tied bundle(s)'
be spicy/burn	ɲaaj		JM_048
burn (intr.)	ɗoχ		JM_048
give	cit		JM_048			means the same as ciʔ
see	ɗeet		JM_048
notice	ɗeetlooχ		JM_048
go	ret		JM_048
spit	doχoɲ		JM_048
spit repeatedly	doχoɲooχ		JM_048
land a boat/arrive	teer		JM_048
wait for someone	teerooχ		JM_048
turn on/light	kaƥin		JM_048			of lights, appliances, fire, etc.
turn on/light, blow	wuɗ		JM_048
be ruined by termites	wuɗ		JM_048			said of wood
burn (intr.)	kaƥ		JM_048			said of fire, “the fire burns”
say	laj		JM_048
go home	χad		JM_048
be clean	χool		JM_048
make a mistake	χal		JM_048
argue	'χasir		MF_029	Media:029-to_argue_02.wav
scold	χas		MF_029	Media:029-to_scold_02.wav
fart	χaas		MF_029	Media:029-to_fart_03.wav
burp			MF_029	Media:029-to_burp_01.wav
sneeze			MF_029	Media:029-to_sneeze_02.wav
yawn			MF_029	Media:029-to_yawn_02.wav
be alive	ɲɔɔw		MF_029	Media:029-to_be_alive_04.wav
be dead	χɔn		MF_029	Media:029-to_die_02.wav
boil (intr.)	waʄ		MF_045	Media:045-to_boil_01.wav
boil (trans.)	waˈʄin		MF_045	Media:045-to_make_boil_01.wav
fry	ˈrɔsiʔ		MF_045	Media:045-to_fry_02.wav
land, be blown ashore	ˈɓakɔɔχ		MF_045	Media:045-to_land_02.wav		as would a boat; possibly not transitive; may be derived from ɓak "push aside" in the sense that the boat is blown off course
peel	ɗɛl		MF_045	Media:045-to_peel_05.wav		as in removing a hard rind that adheres to the flesh; contrast with (de)shell above
push aside	ɓak		MF_045	Media:045-to_push_to_side_02.wav		usu. of food on a plate
shave	ruus		MF_045	Media:045-to_shave_03.wav		see "knife (2)"
sift, sieve	fiɗ		MF_045	Media:045-to_sift_03.wav
farm, plant	duf		OAD_042	Media:farm_1.wav
chew	ɟaχ		OAD_042	Media:chew_1.wav
die	χon		OAD_042	Media:die_1.wav

Pronouns

Gloss	form	Alt. Trans.	Sem. Dom.	Session	Sound 1	Sound 2
I	miʔ			OAD_008	Media:I_01.wav
you.sg	woʔ			OAD_008	Media:you_sg_01.wav, Media:you_sg_02.wav
he, she, it	tɛn	tɛnt (?)		OAD_008	Media:she_he_01.wav
we	inoʔ			OAD_008	Media:we_01.wav, Media:we_03.wav
you.pl	nu:n			OAD_008	Media:you_pl_01.wav, Media:you_pl_02.wav
they	den, denɔʔ			OAD_008	Media:they_01.wav, Media:they_02.wav

Adpositions

Gloss	form	Alt. Trans.	Post?	Session	Sound 1	Sound2	Notes
at	onga		yes	JM_021
behind/after	aciⁿɉ			JM_021, VW_040
amidst/between/surrounded by/inside	ⁿdɛɛr			VW_024
in front of	mbaambir			JM_021
over/above/on/up	tok			JM_021, VW_040			used also as adv. "up"
under	ɗoχang	ɗoχaᵑɡ, ɗoχaŋ		JM_021
in/inside	kam			JM_021, VW_040
near/by/next to	paam	pam		JM_021, VW_040
behind	ka'taa			VW_040
around	kɛˈʋidna			VW_040
outside	ˈtafil			VW_040			also N "outside"
inside/in between/in the middle	a'ndeer			JM_012, VW_040
at	non			VW_024
toward	ɟof, ɟofin, ɟofna			VW_024
near to	mɛmaʔna			VW_024
far from	mɛgotna			VW_024

Miscellany

Gloss	form	Alt. Trans.	Sem. Dom.	Session	Sound 1	Sound 2
greeting	ˈnam ˈfiɔʔ			MF_002	Media:Hello_02.wav
greeting (contracted)	ˈnamɔʔ			MF_002	Media:Hello_short_03.wav
thank you	ˈʤoː kɐˈɲɟɐl, -ɺə			MF_002	Media:Thankyou_03.wav	Media:Thankyou_04.wav
response to thanks	ʔɪˈnʌ ˈmbogʷʊn, -ɣʷ-			MF_002	Media:Youre_welcome_05.wav	Media:Youre_welcome_04.wav
response to greeting	mɛˈɦɛ ˈmɛn			MF_002	Media:Response_to_hello_04.wav
yes	i: , i:jo			OAD_008
no	haʔa			OAD_008