Serer lexicon

Nouns

General Nouns

Gloss	Singular	Plural	OAD	KC	MF	Session	Sound token 1	Sound token 2	notes
dog	ʔoɓˈoχ	ɦaʔˈɓoχ				OAD_001	Dog_02.wav, Dogs_01.wav	Dog_03.wav, Dogs_03.wav
cat	mu:s	mu:s(k'ɛ)				OAD_001	Cat_01.wav, Cats_01.wav	Cat_02.wav, Cats_03.wav
bird	ⁿdi:t̚	ti:t'				OAD_001	Bird_03.wav, Birds_02.wav	Bird_04.wav, Birds_03.wav
pig	ru:l	ʔaˈtu:l				OAD_001	Pig_02.wav, Pigs_01.wav	Pig_03.wav, Media:Pigs_02.wav
insect	ˈjejɛt	ˈjejɛt				OAD_001	Media:Insect_01.wav	Media:Insect_02.wav
spider	ˈapɔˈhɔlæʧ	ˈapɔˈhɔlaʧ				OAD_001	Media:Spider_03.wav	Media:Spider_04.wav
ant	ɲɪ:ɲaχ	ɲɪ:ɲaχ				OAD_001	Ant_03.wav	Ant_04.wav
butterfly	oˈfɪd	ˈχapid			oˈfɪɗ	OAD_001	Butterfly_01.wav	Butterfly_02.wav
fruit	oˈɓi:	χaˈɓi:				OAD_001
person	ʔɔˈkiːn	βiːn, ɥiːn				MF_002	Person_03.wav	People_01.wav, People_05.wav
man	ɔˈkʷɔːɾ, ɔˈkʷɔːr	goːɾ				MF_002	Man_01.wav	Men_02.wav
fire	'fidɛl					JM_004
tree	'ndaχar	'taχar				JM_004
town, village	'satɪ	'satɪkɛ, 'ʧ’atɪkɛ				JM_004			ɪ~ɛ~e, ˈsaatɛ
city	'satɪ fa'ma:k	'satɪ 'ma:kɛ				JM_004
light	lɛ:r					JM_004
fence	a'ɗiŋk	a'ɗiŋk				JM_004			presence/voicing of final stop?
name	gʊn	a'kʊn				JM_004			ʊ~o, ɡon - VW
sap	go:n					JM_004
drum	famb	a'pamb				JM_004			a~ʌ
song	a'kjim	a'kjim				JM_004			how do you make superscripts? (j)
salt	o'ɉɪm	ha'cɛm				JM_004			voicing of palatal stop in pl? ɪ~ɛ
rumor	ˈonan	ˈxanan				JH_005			lit. 'instance of hearing'
dance	ˈoᵐbɛtʃ	ˈhaƥɛtʃ				JH_005
gift	tʃʰɪtʰ	tʃʰɪtʰ				JH_005
fish	lɪƥ	ˈlɪƥkɛ				JH_005			No regular plural
scale	aˈʋas	haˈbas				JH_005
tail	las, ʔaˈlas	ˈχalas				JH_005, MF_013
fin, spine	aˈƈor					JH_005, MF_022			Did not elicit plural
boat	sukʰ					JH_005			Did not elicit plural
feather	aˈnaf	aˈnaf				JH_005, MF_013
year	oˈhi:d	χaˈki:d				VW_006
husband	oˈkor					VW_006
baobab tree	ƥa̰:k					JH_012			No plural elicited
baobab fruit	ɓa:k					JH_012			No plural elicited
shell, rind	ˈɔχɔƥ	ˈhaqoƥ				JH_012			Also (tree) bark
forest	aˈqoƥ					JH_012			No plural elicited; see also TextGrid 013
branch	aˈna:qʰ					JH_012			No plural elicited
root	aˈƥaƈ					JH_012			No plural elicited
yam	haƥ					JH_012			No plural elicited
moss	ˈna:ʋos					JH_012			No plural
wind	aˈƥaɪ					ED_017
milk	ˈʔɔsis	ˈχasis				MF_013	Media:013_milk_01.wav	Media:013_milks_03.wav
tear	ʔoˈɡoːniːtʰ	ˈhakoːniːtʰ				MF_013	Media:013_tear_03.wav	Media:013_tears_02.wav	as in crying
phlegm, mucus	ˈχaːqɔχ					MF_013	Media:013_phlegm_02.wav
urine	ˈʔasaiːd̥ʰ	N/A				MF_013	Media:013_urine_01.wav		derived from V "urinate"
feces	ɗuŋk					MF_013	Media:013_feces_01.wav		did not check for plural
feces (pol.)	ˈɲaʄlɔχ					MF_013	Media:013_feces_polite_03.wav		may be more than one word
manure (1)	ˈnɛːfaɾɛʔ					MF_013	Media:013_manure_02.wav
manure (2)	ʔaˈtʌs					MF_013	Media:013_manure_2_02.wav		may be derived from some verb [tʌs]
mouse	ƈɔːχ	ƈɔːχ (maju)				MF_013	Media:013-mouse_02.wav		initial C contrast with "perceive from far off"
meat	ˈndawaɭ	ˈtawaɭ				MF_013	Media:013_meat_02.wav	Media:013_meats_01.wav
fat (as on meat)	ɡɾɛːs, ɡɹɛːs					MF_013	Media:013_fat_01.wav	Media:013_fat_02.wav	Fr. "graisse"
horn	ʔoˈʤæn	ˈχaʧæn				MF_013	Media:013_horn_02.wav	Media:013_horns_01.wav
hoof	ʔoˈfɔχɔs	ˈχapɔχɔs				MF_013	Media:013_hoof_01.wav	Media:013_hooves_01.wav
wing	ʔaˈkant	ʔaˈkant				MF_013	Media:013_wing_01.wav		see "shoulder"
bracelet	nˈɟara					VW_011
woman	ɔˈtɛw	rɛw				KC_003	woman_01.wav
water	ˈfɔ:fiʔ					KC_003	water_01.wav		also the fluid in a blister
river	ˈoma:g	ˈχama:g				KC_003	river_01.wav	rivers_01.wav
ocean	oˈma:g-oˌma:k					KC_003	ocean_01.wav
lake	ˈʔambɛ:l					KC_003	lake_01.wav
cream, oil	ˈʔɔnɛw					KC_003	oil_cream_01.wav
dirt, sand	laŋg					KC_003	dirtsand_01.wav
mud	ˈlo:fin					KC_003	mud_01.wav
clay	ɗʊk'					KC_003	clay_01.wav
domesticated animals		mũːˈmin				KN_015			"general" term for livestock/domesticated animals of any type; singular not elicited.
pets		ˈcɛgɛl				KN_015			"personal" term for livestock/domesticated animals; singular not elicited.
lion	ˈɲɟogoj	ˈcogoj				KN_015			masc. and fem. forms formed with words for "man" and "woman"
sheep	mbaːl	paːl				KN_015			irregular masc. form; fem. formed with word for "woman"; homophonous with 'fishing net'
ram	suk mbaːl	suk' paːl				KN_015
ewe	ˈmbaːlndɛw					KN_015
fishing net	mbaːl	paːl				KN_015			homophonous with word for 'sheep'
vomit	ˈʔatɛkʰ					MF_022	Media:022-vomit_01.wav
blister	jaːf	ˈʔajaːf				MF_022	Media:022-blister_02.wav	Media:022-blisters_02.wav
thing used to swim	bɛˈʄir					MF_022	Media:022-thing_for_swimming_01.wav		see "to swim"; pl. not elicited
bruise, tender spot	ˈdiɾig̊ʰ	ˈʔatiɾig̊ʰ				MF_022	Media:022-bruise_02.wav	Media:022-bruises_01.wav
(big) swelling	ʔuːtʰ	ˈʔaʔuːtʰ				MF_022	Media:022-swelling_01.wav	Media:022-swellings_01.wav
wound	ɗʌj	ʔaʔɗ̥ʌj, ʔaƭʌj				MF_022	Media:022-wound_02.wav	Media:022-wounds_03.wav	E.g. knife wound. Stress varies between initial and final.
break, crack	ʔɔˈɡɛf	ʔaˈkɛf				MF_022	Media:022-crack_01.wav	Media:022-cracks_03.wav	as in a plate or a piece of wood
cough	ʔɔˈqɔtɔːχ					MF_022	Media:022-to_cough_a_cough_01.wav		same as the verb stem, pl. not elicited
snake	ˈfaŋgoːɫ	ˈpaŋgoːɫ				KN_020
rabbit	ndoːɭ	toːɭ				KN_020
worm	aˈloːtʰitʰ	aˈloːtʰitʰ				KN_020
bee	ˈŋguːran	ˈkuːran				KN_020
duck	aˈkanaːɾaʔ					KN_020			no distinct plural form
elephant	ˈfaɲiːkʰ	ˈpaɲiːkʰ				KN_020
mosquito	ƥoːk	ƥoːk				KN_020
frog	faːɓ	ˈhapaːɓ				KN_020
sun	ɲɟɛc'					NB_009
moon/month	oŋgɔl	xaqɔl				NB_009
day	ɲa:l					NB_009
week	ɲa:l/kɔm ndako:hi:du	ɲa:l/kɔm tako:hi:du				NB_009
rain	ˈatɛɓ̥					NB_009
lightning (bolt)	ˈoxi:ɲ	xaki:ɲ				NB_009			singular refers to a single bolt of lightning, plural several
house	mbɪnd	pɪnd				NB_009
window	oˡfalantɛ:r	xaˡpalantɛ:r				NB_009			Fr. loan word
door	ˡɔdɔn oma:x	ˡxaton oma:x				NB_009			lit. 'mouth of the yard'
room	andɔk	tɔk				NB_018
kitchen	ambaw	paw				NB_018

Body Part Terms

Gloss	Singular	Plural	OAD	KC	MF	Session	Sound token 1	Sound token 2	notes
hair	ʋil	aˈʋil			ɥil	ED_010
chest	ŋgaŋg					ED_010
blood	fɔˈʔɔj					ED_010
spit	ˈdɔχɔ:ɲ					ED_010
belly	ɔˈfʊd					ED_010
side, rib(s)	ɔˈsa:χ					ED_010
bellybutton	daɓ	at'aɓ				ED_010
leg, foot	ɔˈɟaf	aˈc'af				ED_010
hip	aˈƥɛk	aˈƥɛk				ED_010
hand, arm	oˈɓaɪ	χaʔˈɓaɪ				ED_017
head	χɔχ	aˈqɔχ				ED_017
nose	oˈɲis	ˈχaɲis				ED_017
beard	o'ratam	'χata,tam				JM_004
tongue, language	'ɗelem	a'ɗelem				JM_004			implosive? 'dɛlɛm?
bone	ˈohi:ƈ	ˈaki:ƈ			(pl) ˈhaki:ƈ	JH_005
mouth, beak	ˈodon	ˈχatɵn			(sg) ˈodɵn	JH_005, MF_013, ED_017
shoulder	aˈkaⁿd					JH_005			Did not elicit plural; may be same word as "wing"
arm, hand	oˈɓay	haʔˈɓay				VW_006
hand	oˈɓay	haʔˈɓay				VW_006
elbow	ˈnonoŋɡ	χaˈnonoŋɡ				VW_006
finger, toe	ˈnɡol	ko̰l				VW_006, ED_017
head	χɔ:χ	ˈakɔχ				VW_006
eye	ˈakid, aˈkid	ˈakid, aˈkid				VW_006, ED_017
nose	oˈɲis	ˈχaɲis				VW_006
lip	nˈɟapʼko	ˈtʃapʼkoʔ				VW_006, ED_017
mouth	oˈdon	haʔˈton				VW_006
ear	nɔf	ˈnɔf, ˈnɔfkɛ, nɔf ˈmayu				VW_006, ED_017
eyelid, eyelash	ˈɲo:ror					VW_006, ED_017
eyebrow	oˈɗi:ɗi:k	haʔˈɗi:kɗi:k				VW_006, ED_017
forehead	aˈtaɡɪd	ˈakɔχ				VW_006
finger	ŋgol	ƙol				JH_012
butt	fuƭ	ˈapuƭ				JH_012			Also (tree) trunk
skin, hide	ɗo:l					JH_012			No plural
breast	ƭɛːn	N/A				MF_013	Media:013_breast_07.wav	Media:013_breast_08.wav
muscle	ˈɗɔːlɛʔ	N/A				MF_013	Media:013_muscle_01.wav	Media:013_muscle_04.wav
biceps	ʔʌˈʄɔːχ	χaˈʔʄɔːχ				MF_013	Media:013_biceps_01.wav	Media:013_biceps_pl_01.wav
nail, claw	ˈmbambaɲ(c)	ˈpambaɲ				MF_013	Media:013_nail_01.wav	Media:013_nails_03.wav
kneecap	ˈroʔoi	ˈhatoʔoi				VW_011
knee	ngubai					VW_011			no good recording
ankle	ngubaiˈɟara					VW_011			lit: "knee bracelet"
stomach, intestine	la:u					VW_011
throat(s)	aˈpɛ̰ɛ̰pʰ	---				VW_011
neck	oˈtʃokʰ	ˈχatʃok				VW_011
heart(s), lung(s)	χɛɛɲ	---				VW_011
heel	oˈfaaɗ	ˈχaƥaaɗ				ED_017
fingernail	ˈmbambaɲ	ˈpambaɲ				ED_017

Abstract nouns

Gloss	form	OAD	KC	MF	Session	Sound1	Sound 2	notes
love	bugʰ				OAD_008	Media:Love_01.wav	Media:Love_02.wav	note the final stop in "urine"/"urinate" as well
happiness	ɗai				OAD_008	Media:Happiness_01.wav	Media:Happiness_03.wav
sadness	judnɔχ				OAD_008	Media:Sadness_01.wav	Media:Sadness_02.wav, Media:Sadness_03.wav
swim (n)	ʔaˈbɛʄ				MF_022	Media:022-swim_03.wav		"an instance of swimming"

Numerals

Gloss	form	OAD	KC	MF	Session	Sound1	Sound 2	notes
one	lɛŋk, lɛŋx				MF_002	Media:One_01.wav	Media:One_02.wav
two	ƭikʰ, ɗikʰ				MF_002	Media:Two_02.wav	Media:Two_03.wav
three	ˈtadikʰ				MF_002	Media:Three_07.wav
four	ˈnaɦikʰ, ˈnaɦeɪkʰ				MF_002	Media:Four_01.wav	Media:Four_04.wav	2nd vowel changes, see session 006
five	ˈƥɛtʰikʰ, ˈɓɛtʰikʰ				MF_002	Media:Five_02.wav	Media:Five_05.wav
six	ɓɛˈtʰu ˈfɔ lɛŋ				MF_002	Media:Six_03.wav
seven	ɓɛˈtʰu ˈʔɗikʰ				MF_002	Media:Seven_01.wav
eight	ɓɛˈtʰu ˈtadikʰ				MF_002	Media:Eight_03.wav
nine	ɓɛˈtʰu ˈnaɦekʰ				MF_002	Media:Nine_02.wav
ten	ˈhaɾˈɓɐɦaj, ˈhaɾɓɦaj				MF_002	Media:Ten_02.wav	Media:Ten_07.wav

Adjectives

Gloss	form	OAD	KC	MF	Session	Sound1	Sound 2	notes
invincible	χɔχ				VW_006
a lot	ˈmayu				VW_006
spoiled (food)	aˈfɔt				JH_012
dank	aˈho:ɲa				JH_012
strong, tough	ˈsaʔɗkuʔ				MF_013			mod. of "meat," means "sinew" or "gristle"; derived from related V
small	nɛw				KC_003
big	ˈmagin				KC_003
big	ˈomaak				KC_003
black	ɓa̰ːl				KN_015
dead					MF_022			as modifies "person"

Verbs

Gloss	form	OAD	KC	MF	Session	Sound1	Sound 2	notes
to dance	fɛtʃ				JH_005
to give	tʃʰɪʔ				JH_005
to measure	li:ƥ				JH_005
to hit	naf				JH_005
to cultivate	χɔɔχ				VW_006, ED_017
to urinate	said̥ʰ				MF_013
to go	tɛtʰ				MF_013			in euph. "go to the woods," see 013 TextGrid
to perceive from far off	ʄɔːkʰ				MF_013			any sensory input seems to work
to be strong, tough	saʔɗikʰ				MF_013			see derived ADJ
to blow (wind)	ɓaɪ				ED_017
to see	gaʔ				OAD_008	Media:to_see_01.wav
to drink	jɛr				OAD_008	Media:to_drink_01.wav
to eat	ɲa:m				OAD_008	Media:to_eat_01.wav
to sit	mo:f				OAD_008	Media:to_sit_01.wav
to look	ɗɛ:t				OAD_008	Media:to_look_01.wav
to swim	β̞ɛʄ				MF_022			often with excrescent final vowel
to cough	ʔɔˈqɔtɔːχ				MF_022
to vomit	ˈdɛkɔχ				MF_022
to cut	dɛɡ̊ʰ				MF_022			final is likely /g/
to chop (wood)	ɡod̥ʰ				MF_022			final is likely /d/

Sentences

Gloss	form	OAD	KC	MF	Session	Sound1	Sound 2	notes
I see you.	ga a hoŋg				OAD_008	Media:I_see_you_01.wav	Media:I_see_you_03.wav
You see me.	ga a hamoʔ				OAD_008	Media:you_see_me_01.wav	Media:you_see_me_02.wav
She saw Peter.	ʔa ga ʔa Peter.				OAD_008	Media:she_saw_peter_01.wav
She/he saw it/her/him.	a gaʔ an				OAD_008	Media:she_sees_him_03.wav
See here! See this!	gaʔ i				OAD_008	Media:see_this_01.wav
Look at it.	ɗɛt i			tɛ:ti	OAD_008	Media:look_at_it_02.wav
I love/like you	bugʔa hoŋg				OAD_008	Media:I_love_you_01.wav
I like water	bugʔam fo:fi				OAD_008	Media:I_like_water_01.wav
I sit.	mo:fam				OAD_008	Media:I_sit_01.wav
You(sg) sit.	mo: fa				OAD_008	Media:you_sg_sit_01.wav
He/she/it sits.	a mo: fa				OAD_008	Media:she_he_sits_01.wav	Media:she_he_sits_02.wav
We sit.	i mo:fa				OAD_008	Media:we_sit_01.wav
You (pl) sit.	nu mo:fa				OAD_008	Media:you_pl_sit_01.wav
They sit.	a mo:fa				OAD_008			same as 3sg
I drink	jeram				OAD_008	Media:I_drink_01.wav
You drink	jeraʔ				OAD_008	Media:you_sg_drink_02.wav
He/she/it drinks	a jeraʔ				OAD_008
We drink	i jeraʔ				OAD_008
You (pl) drink.	nu jeraʔ				OAD_008
They drink.	a jera				OAD_008			same as 3sg
I eat.	ɲa:mam				OAD_008
You (sg) eat.	ɲa:ma				OAD_008
He/she/it eats.	aʔ ɲa:ma				OAD_008
We eat	i ɲa:ma				OAD_008
You (pl) eat.	nu ɲa:ma				OAD_008
They eat.	aʔ ɲa:ma				OAD_008
He/she sleeps.	ˈʔaɗaːna				KN_015
I sleep.	ˈɗaːnaːm				KN_015
I am sleeping.	ˈmɛhɛ ˈɗaːnaː				KN_015
I want to sleep.	ˈbugaːm ɗaːn				KN_015			also: ˈbugaːm oˈɗaːn
You are sleeping.	ˈʋɛhɛ ɗaːna				KN_015
You sleep.	ˈkaɗaːna				KN_015
We sleep.	ˈiʔɗa̤ːna				KN_020
You (pl.) sleep.	ˈnuʔɗaːna				KN_020
They sleep.	ˈaʔɗaːna				KN_020
I study/read/take.	ˈɲɟaŋgaːm				KN_020			ambitransitive verb?
You study/read/take.	ˈɲɟaŋgaːʔ				KN_020			ambitransitive verb?
He/she studies/reads/takes.	ˈaɟaŋga				KN_020			ambitransitive verb?
We study/read/take.	ˈiːɲɟaŋga				KN_020			ambitransitive verb?
They study/read/take.	ˈaɲɟaŋga				KN_020			ambitransitive verb?
You (pl.) study/read/take.	ˈnuɲɟaŋga				KN_020			ambitransitive verb?

Pronouns

Gloss	form	OAD	KC	MF	Session	Sound1	Sound 2
I	miʔ				OAD_008	Media:I_01.wav
you.sg	woʔ				OAD_008	Media:you_sg_01.wav, Media:you_sg_02.wav
he, she, it	tɛn			tɛnt (?)	OAD_008	Media:she_he_01.wav
we	inoʔ				OAD_008	Media:we_01.wav, Media:we_03.wav
you.pl	nu:n				OAD_008	Media:you_pl_01.wav, Media:you_pl_02.wav
they	den, denɔʔ				OAD_008	Media:they_01.wav, Media:they_02.wav

Miscellany

Gloss	form	OAD	KC	MF	Session	Sound1	Sound 2
greeting	ˈnam ˈfiɔʔ				MF_002	Media:Hello_02.wav
greeting (contracted)	ˈnamɔʔ				MF_002	Media:Hello_short_03.wav
thank you	ˈʤoː kɐˈɲɟɐl, -ɺə				MF_002	Media:Thankyou_03.wav	Media:Thankyou_04.wav
response to thanks	ʔɪˈnʌ ˈmbogʷʊn, -ɣʷ-				MF_002	Media:Youre_welcome_05.wav	Media:Youre_welcome_04.wav
response to greeting	mɛˈɦɛ ˈmɛn				MF_002	Media:Response_to_hello_04.wav
yes	i: , i:jo				OAD_008
no	haʔa				OAD_008