Karuk Dictionary
by William Bright and Susan Gehr (© Karuk Tribe)
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-ach Diminutive (nouns)
Dictionary Entry
lexicon ID #83 | revised Aug 18 2005
-ach • SUFF • Diminutive (nouns)
Derivatives (237; show derivatives)
Derivatives (237; hide derivatives)
aaskípach "wet"
aaxkípach "bloody"
achíchanach "name of a fireplace"
achichtunvêech "blue grass"
achipyâach "very center"
afirasánanach "a plant, green dock"
afiynúhanach "dung beetle"
ahúp'anamahach "twig"
ahyúpanach "glow-worm; arrow target"
ahyupanachvákay "glow-worm"
akooná'anamahach "hatchet"
aktipanaratunvêech "grass sp."
akviinakichkanvá'anamahach "a kind of dentalium money"
akvinakichkanvá'anamahach "a size of dentalium, smaller than akviinakichkaru"
akxap'unuhyâachas "grass sp., a type of wild grain"
amtapanatunvêech "a plant, the wooly sunflower"
amtapanás'anamahach "a type of lupine, the Miniature Lupine"
ánaach "crow"
anachfíthih "basket design element (O'Neale, fig. 13i)"
anachpúrith "plant sp."
anachpurith'ípan "plant sp."
-'anamahach "little, small"
-'anamahach "little child"
anach'úhish "mistletoe "
anunyâach "completely empty"
ánupanach "newborn baby"
apmananá'anamahach "small buckskin headband decorated with woodpecker scalps"
apsihihikiniyâachas "a plant, golden inside-out flower, Siskiyou inside-out flower"
apsihikxánavanach "Goldenback Fern"
apvuyíchyuunanach "a type of hawk, perh. sharp-shinned hawk"
araramvanyupsítanach "horsefly"
asakeem'íshaanach "placename (far upriver in Karuk territory)"
asapûuxveenach "cliff swallow, type of bird"
asimchákchakveenach "wren"
asíp'anamahach "girl's soup basket (O'Neale, plate 5a)"
asipxanáh'anamahach "boy's soup basket (O'Neale, plate 5b)"
askuptunvêech "minnows; sardines"
astahvôonanach "coot, "mudhen""
asuximxanahyâach "candy cane"
asa'uy'ikhúnipaach "placename"
atahnúuxveenach "bluebird"
atahvíchkiinach "geranium"
ataychúkinach "young brodiaea plant"
ataynamtunvêech "Pleiades"
ateehvíchkinach "a plant, snake-root"
avím'aaxkinach "a woman's name"
axakiichkanvá'anamahach "size of dentalium shell, smaller than axákiichkaru"
axchahaxúnanach "mussel shell"
axcháy'anamahach "young ground-squirrel"
axchaytunvêech "little ground-squirrels"
axmúhishanach "plant sp., perhaps red clover"
axnaanáchih "deer-hoof rattle"
axnanachihíshkas "rattle made of deer fetlocks"
axpaheekníkinach "a plant, the "fawn-lily" or adder's tongue"
á'yaach "straight up"
-áyaachha "well, in a good way"
cháasach "younger brother (dim.)"
châasanach "my younger brother"
chafipáyaachha "to eat up completely"
chakaniháyaachha "to starve to death"
chaka'iimichyâach "slower"
chamiknîinach "placename, across-river from rancheria"
chamikniich'ithyáram "placename, a fireplace near Orleans"
chamkatunvêechas "young mugwort"
chamnúpanach "woodpecker"
chantiníh'anamahach "deer tick"
chantinihtunvêech "a plant, pepper-grass "
chapihpíhach "name for a dog"
chaxtôonach "baby in a basket"
chéemyaach "quickly, fast; hurry!"
cheemyáchva "every now and then"
chîinach "Chenach, a place acrossriver from Orleans"
chiivníshukach "placename"
chimchikaratunvêech "a plant, the horsetail"
chináchthuuf "Chenach Creek"
chinách'as "Big Rock, downriver from chinach'íshiip"
chinach'axáatiim "placename across-river from "
chinach'íshiip "a place acrossriver from Orleans"
chiním'anamahach "civet cat"
chufnîimkach "a fly (insect)"
chufniivkách'aaf "fly egg, "fly blow""
chuskáakach "chub salmon"
chuvnivkach'áxaan "type of house spider"
fichihán'anamahach "little toe"
ichavutsunayâach "cut off evenly"
ichnihatunvêech "small flowers"
ichváfakach "man's name, Charles Hackett"
ichxúunanach "a type of clover, perhaps thimble clover"
ichyununupnîihvanach "needle"
ichyuukinuyâach "straight across"
ifuchkávanach "broken-off dentalia end"
ifuyâach "that's right; really true"
ihêenach "man's name"
íishkipach "naked"
íkichvach "a certain fin of fish, perhaps the anal fin"
ikinayâach "straight"
ikmáhach "warm (of air, weather)"
ikmaháchraam "sweathouse"
ikmahachram'áhup "sweathouse wood"
ikmahachram'íshiip "the sacred sweathouse at Katimin (Kroeber and Gifford, p. 7) "
iknihaná'anamahach "a type of small fishnet"
iknínihach "mink-skin headband worn by assistant priest"
ikninihkóoch "edgewise feathering (of arrows, when three half-blades of feathers are attached edgewise)"
iknitíptiipanach "a plant, vetch"
ikpáakach "squarish"
ikpákpaakach "chopped-up stuff"
ikshúpanach "index finger"
iktíinach "staff used in brush dance, mounted with stuffed woodpeckers; "dance stick""
ikvínipkunihvach "stick down which a sinker stone slides into the water"
ikvinipkunihvách'as "sinker stone for fishnets"
ikxanam'íshviitach "a little piece of the night"
ikxariyeekmaháchraam "sacred sweathouse at Orleans"
ikyaafipáyaachha "to gather, bring together"
ikyafipáyaachha "to gather, bring together"
imákananach "flashy(?)"
imfipishniháyaachha "to assemble from all over"
imnishnám'anamahach "stone for cooking (?)"
imnishnam'apvuyhánach "grease tray with a handle"
impúukach "warmish"
imvaná'anamahach "small plate basket used to take hot rocks out of soup"
imyáhach "fine (of fiber)"
iníinach "the name of two places, one below Dillon Creek, the other at Bluff Creek"
ipchimákananach "handkerchief"
ipchimakananáchkaam "bandanna"
ipchimakananách'aax "bandanna"
iphikinihnûumahach "burning sweats, sweating other people's sweathouse wood"
ípihanach "a by-name for the sucker (fish)"
ipshunkinayâach "sort of short"
ipuntátakanach "mosquito larva, "wiggler""
íputach "placename"
íshavnihanach "plumbob"
ishipishihavníinach "placename, downriver from Happy Camp"
ishkoonayaachkúnihar "arrow without foreshaft or feathers, used by boys"
ishnimvánakach "goldfinch"
ishpukatunvêech "small dentalia used for necklaces; small change"
ishpukatunvéech'iikiv "necklace made of small dentalia shells"
ishpúutach "a place upriver from Weitchpec"
ishvíitach "small woodpecker scalp, in which the red comes only halfway to the bill"
ivaxnaháyaachha "to dry up completely"
ivhanatunvêech "shingles"
ixupkôoch "something stuck on flatways (not edgeways); flat feathering (of an arrow); fingernail (old name)"
ixvínipach "pill"
iyúnanach "red fox"
iyúnanach "man's name"
kafichtunvêech "a plant, alum root"
kaftun'unuhyâach "plant sp., perhaps a type of saxifrage"
kákach "daddy"
kaniyâach "right time"
keechxâach "(old) widow"
keechxâachha "to become a widow"
keechxach'ápxaan "widow's hat, with hole in top"
kêemachkoo "poor, pitiable"
keemishatunvêech "little wild animals"
-kípach "characterized by"
kooyâach "just as much"
kusnáh'anamahach "clock, watch"
kustunív'anamahach "a type of sedge"
kutnahaná'anamahach "jacket"
pichkanú'anamahach "a small denomination of dentalium, smaller than piitháru"
pithkarú'anamahach "a small denomination of dentalium, smaller than piithkáru "
síhach "spike buck, i.e. a deer whose horns are still unforked"
sihtunvêech "tacks"
simsim'asip'ishkúnuhach "bucket"
sipnúk'anamahach "trinket basket"
sishanayâamach "pretty one having a penis, a name given to Coyote"
sununúpninach "sweathouse door (on ground level)"
tahapmánanach "type of bird"
taksíinach "man's name"
tanipaníchxuunanach "harbor seal, and probably other species of seal as well"
tapasyâamach "very nice"
tapith'unuhyâachas "a type of rush"
tapnanahtunvêech "a type of rush"
taprarahtunvêech "plant sp., bur-reed "
taprarah'unuhyâachas "a type of rush"
tapúkpukveenach "ringtail cat. "
tapukpukveenachtántaav "ringtail-cat apron"
tátach "mama, mommy"
táyukunach "placename, near Clear Creek"
thafipáyaachha "to eat up completely"
tîinach "killdeer"
tikakvánaach "ring (for one's finger)"
tikán'anamahach "little finger"
tinihyâach "quite wide"
tinihyâach "buckskin thong"
tiptip'unuhyâachas "sword fern"
tishnamkanvínusunach "type of skunk"
tishravaréeyunanach "kit fox, "black fox""
tivtunvêech "horse"
-tunvêech "small, little (plural)"
tunvêenach "bitch"
uhcháamach "man's name, Pete Henry"
uhíchanach "a plant"
uhnamtunvêech "cigarettes"
uknám'anamahach "small lake; pond"
unuhyâach "circle ; round"
uumyâach "just barely"
vinusuná'anamahach "bear cub"
vishvanyáchahanach "a girls's name"
vúpakach "a little cut-off piece"
xahavishvantínihanach "type of spider with a white body"
xakanana'apmanaxvúhanach "having whiskers on both sides; name of a white man called Browning"
xanahyâach "slender"
xanpuchíniishveenach "hummingbird; also a type of plant "
xanpuchinishveenach'ímkaanva "a plant, a type of monkey-flower; also yellow violet"
xúnihanach "woman's name, Mary Sneaden"
xuniháyaachha "to be very hungry"
xupsáchriik "land of the dead"
xúsanach "sensible (dimin.)"
xuskamhaná'anamahach "pistol"
xúupsach "ancestor"
-yâach "Intensive, emphatic; carries the meaning "good and ..., exactly, more, quite, rather.""
yâachas "good ones"
yaafhínamach "basket for acorn dough (dimin.)"
yâamach "pretty, nice"
yâamachich "pretty (dimin.)"
yáamachkar "woman's name"
yaamachkáree "a woman's name, Mary Ike"
yaamáchnihich "nice place"
yâamahukach "easy"
yaayâach "better"
yeeníphaanach "an insect, squash bug"
yíchaach "together; as one"
yíchaachha "to get together"
yíchakanach "all in one place"
yícheepach "just one"
yihkan'ánaach "blackbird (or perhaps magpie)"
yufivmatnakvánaach "a plant, vinegar weed"
yuhsahním'anamahach "placename, near Clear Creek"
yumaaraxanpuchíniishveenach "sphinx moth"
yumaaraxanpuchinishveenach'ímkaanva "plant sp."
yunyuunhánach "strange, odd"
yupchúkinanach "panther (dimin.)"
yupsítanach "baby"
yupsitanachpírish "plant sp., the four-o'clock"
yusahním'anamahach "placename, near Clear Creek"
yuxtúy'iivneenach "a placename, near Happy Camp"
kúutach "diminutive of male grand-relative (grandfather, grandson) through a woman; i.e., mother's father, mother's uncle, daughter's son, or niece's son."
aaskípach "wet"
aaxkípach "bloody"
achíchanach "name of a fireplace"
achichtunvêech "blue grass"
achipyâach "very center"
afirasánanach "a plant, green dock"
afiynúhanach "dung beetle"
ahúp'anamahach "twig"
ahyúpanach "glow-worm; arrow target"
ahyupanachvákay "glow-worm"
akooná'anamahach "hatchet"
aktipanaratunvêech "grass sp."
akviinakichkanvá'anamahach "a kind of dentalium money"
akvinakichkanvá'anamahach "a size of dentalium, smaller than akviinakichkaru"
akxap'unuhyâachas "grass sp., a type of wild grain"
amtapanatunvêech "a plant, the wooly sunflower"
amtapanás'anamahach "a type of lupine, the Miniature Lupine"
ánaach "crow"
anachfíthih "basket design element (O'Neale, fig. 13i)"
anachpúrith "plant sp."
anachpurith'ípan "plant sp."
-'anamahach "little, small"
-'anamahach "little child"
anach'úhish "mistletoe "
anunyâach "completely empty"
ánupanach "newborn baby"
apmananá'anamahach "small buckskin headband decorated with woodpecker scalps"
apsihihikiniyâachas "a plant, golden inside-out flower, Siskiyou inside-out flower"
apsihikxánavanach "Goldenback Fern"
apvuyíchyuunanach "a type of hawk, perh. sharp-shinned hawk"
araramvanyupsítanach "horsefly"
asakeem'íshaanach "placename (far upriver in Karuk territory)"
asapûuxveenach "cliff swallow, type of bird"
asimchákchakveenach "wren"
asíp'anamahach "girl's soup basket (O'Neale, plate 5a)"
asipxanáh'anamahach "boy's soup basket (O'Neale, plate 5b)"
askuptunvêech "minnows; sardines"
astahvôonanach "coot, "mudhen""
asuximxanahyâach "candy cane"
asa'uy'ikhúnipaach "placename"
atahnúuxveenach "bluebird"
atahvíchkiinach "geranium"
ataychúkinach "young brodiaea plant"
ataynamtunvêech "Pleiades"
ateehvíchkinach "a plant, snake-root"
avím'aaxkinach "a woman's name"
axakiichkanvá'anamahach "size of dentalium shell, smaller than axákiichkaru"
axchahaxúnanach "mussel shell"
axcháy'anamahach "young ground-squirrel"
axchaytunvêech "little ground-squirrels"
axmúhishanach "plant sp., perhaps red clover"
axnaanáchih "deer-hoof rattle"
axnanachihíshkas "rattle made of deer fetlocks"
axpaheekníkinach "a plant, the "fawn-lily" or adder's tongue"
á'yaach "straight up"
-áyaachha "well, in a good way"
cháasach "younger brother (dim.)"
châasanach "my younger brother"
chafipáyaachha "to eat up completely"
chakaniháyaachha "to starve to death"
chaka'iimichyâach "slower"
chamiknîinach "placename, across-river from rancheria"
chamikniich'ithyáram "placename, a fireplace near Orleans"
chamkatunvêechas "young mugwort"
chamnúpanach "woodpecker"
chantiníh'anamahach "deer tick"
chantinihtunvêech "a plant, pepper-grass "
chapihpíhach "name for a dog"
chaxtôonach "baby in a basket"
chéemyaach "quickly, fast; hurry!"
cheemyáchva "every now and then"
chîinach "Chenach, a place acrossriver from Orleans"
chiivníshukach "placename"
chimchikaratunvêech "a plant, the horsetail"
chináchthuuf "Chenach Creek"
chinách'as "Big Rock, downriver from chinach'íshiip"
chinach'axáatiim "placename across-river from "
chinach'íshiip "a place acrossriver from Orleans"
chiním'anamahach "civet cat"
chufnîimkach "a fly (insect)"
chufniivkách'aaf "fly egg, "fly blow""
chuskáakach "chub salmon"
chuvnivkach'áxaan "type of house spider"
fichihán'anamahach "little toe"
ichavutsunayâach "cut off evenly"
ichnihatunvêech "small flowers"
ichváfakach "man's name, Charles Hackett"
ichxúunanach "a type of clover, perhaps thimble clover"
ichyununupnîihvanach "needle"
ichyuukinuyâach "straight across"
ifuchkávanach "broken-off dentalia end"
ifuyâach "that's right; really true"
ihêenach "man's name"
íishkipach "naked"
íkichvach "a certain fin of fish, perhaps the anal fin"
ikinayâach "straight"
ikmáhach "warm (of air, weather)"
ikmaháchraam "sweathouse"
ikmahachram'áhup "sweathouse wood"
ikmahachram'íshiip "the sacred sweathouse at Katimin (Kroeber and Gifford, p. 7) "
iknihaná'anamahach "a type of small fishnet"
iknínihach "mink-skin headband worn by assistant priest"
ikninihkóoch "edgewise feathering (of arrows, when three half-blades of feathers are attached edgewise)"
iknitíptiipanach "a plant, vetch"
ikpáakach "squarish"
ikpákpaakach "chopped-up stuff"
ikshúpanach "index finger"
iktíinach "staff used in brush dance, mounted with stuffed woodpeckers; "dance stick""
ikvínipkunihvach "stick down which a sinker stone slides into the water"
ikvinipkunihvách'as "sinker stone for fishnets"
ikxanam'íshviitach "a little piece of the night"
ikxariyeekmaháchraam "sacred sweathouse at Orleans"
ikyaafipáyaachha "to gather, bring together"
ikyafipáyaachha "to gather, bring together"
imákananach "flashy(?)"
imfipishniháyaachha "to assemble from all over"
imnishnám'anamahach "stone for cooking (?)"
imnishnam'apvuyhánach "grease tray with a handle"
impúukach "warmish"
imvaná'anamahach "small plate basket used to take hot rocks out of soup"
imyáhach "fine (of fiber)"
iníinach "the name of two places, one below Dillon Creek, the other at Bluff Creek"
ipchimákananach "handkerchief"
ipchimakananáchkaam "bandanna"
ipchimakananách'aax "bandanna"
iphikinihnûumahach "burning sweats, sweating other people's sweathouse wood"
ípihanach "a by-name for the sucker (fish)"
ipshunkinayâach "sort of short"
ipuntátakanach "mosquito larva, "wiggler""
íputach "placename"
íshavnihanach "plumbob"
ishipishihavníinach "placename, downriver from Happy Camp"
ishkoonayaachkúnihar "arrow without foreshaft or feathers, used by boys"
ishnimvánakach "goldfinch"
ishpukatunvêech "small dentalia used for necklaces; small change"
ishpukatunvéech'iikiv "necklace made of small dentalia shells"
ishpúutach "a place upriver from Weitchpec"
ishvíitach "small woodpecker scalp, in which the red comes only halfway to the bill"
ivaxnaháyaachha "to dry up completely"
ivhanatunvêech "shingles"
ixupkôoch "something stuck on flatways (not edgeways); flat feathering (of an arrow); fingernail (old name)"
ixvínipach "pill"
iyúnanach "red fox"
iyúnanach "man's name"
kafichtunvêech "a plant, alum root"
kaftun'unuhyâach "plant sp., perhaps a type of saxifrage"
kákach "daddy"
kaniyâach "right time"
keechxâach "(old) widow"
keechxâachha "to become a widow"
keechxach'ápxaan "widow's hat, with hole in top"
kêemachkoo "poor, pitiable"
keemishatunvêech "little wild animals"
-kípach "characterized by"
kooyâach "just as much"
kusnáh'anamahach "clock, watch"
kustunív'anamahach "a type of sedge"
kutnahaná'anamahach "jacket"
pichkanú'anamahach "a small denomination of dentalium, smaller than piitháru"
pithkarú'anamahach "a small denomination of dentalium, smaller than piithkáru "
síhach "spike buck, i.e. a deer whose horns are still unforked"
sihtunvêech "tacks"
simsim'asip'ishkúnuhach "bucket"
sipnúk'anamahach "trinket basket"
sishanayâamach "pretty one having a penis, a name given to Coyote"
sununúpninach "sweathouse door (on ground level)"
tahapmánanach "type of bird"
taksíinach "man's name"
tanipaníchxuunanach "harbor seal, and probably other species of seal as well"
tapasyâamach "very nice"
tapith'unuhyâachas "a type of rush"
tapnanahtunvêech "a type of rush"
taprarahtunvêech "plant sp., bur-reed "
taprarah'unuhyâachas "a type of rush"
tapúkpukveenach "ringtail cat. "
tapukpukveenachtántaav "ringtail-cat apron"
tátach "mama, mommy"
táyukunach "placename, near Clear Creek"
thafipáyaachha "to eat up completely"
tîinach "killdeer"
tikakvánaach "ring (for one's finger)"
tikán'anamahach "little finger"
tinihyâach "quite wide"
tinihyâach "buckskin thong"
tiptip'unuhyâachas "sword fern"
tishnamkanvínusunach "type of skunk"
tishravaréeyunanach "kit fox, "black fox""
tivtunvêech "horse"
-tunvêech "small, little (plural)"
tunvêenach "bitch"
uhcháamach "man's name, Pete Henry"
uhíchanach "a plant"
uhnamtunvêech "cigarettes"
uknám'anamahach "small lake; pond"
unuhyâach "circle ; round"
uumyâach "just barely"
vinusuná'anamahach "bear cub"
vishvanyáchahanach "a girls's name"
vúpakach "a little cut-off piece"
xahavishvantínihanach "type of spider with a white body"
xakanana'apmanaxvúhanach "having whiskers on both sides; name of a white man called Browning"
xanahyâach "slender"
xanpuchíniishveenach "hummingbird; also a type of plant "
xanpuchinishveenach'ímkaanva "a plant, a type of monkey-flower; also yellow violet"
xúnihanach "woman's name, Mary Sneaden"
xuniháyaachha "to be very hungry"
xupsáchriik "land of the dead"
xúsanach "sensible (dimin.)"
xuskamhaná'anamahach "pistol"
xúupsach "ancestor"
-yâach "Intensive, emphatic; carries the meaning "good and ..., exactly, more, quite, rather.""
yâachas "good ones"
yaafhínamach "basket for acorn dough (dimin.)"
yâamach "pretty, nice"
yâamachich "pretty (dimin.)"
yáamachkar "woman's name"
yaamachkáree "a woman's name, Mary Ike"
yaamáchnihich "nice place"
yâamahukach "easy"
yaayâach "better"
yeeníphaanach "an insect, squash bug"
yíchaach "together; as one"
yíchaachha "to get together"
yíchakanach "all in one place"
yícheepach "just one"
yihkan'ánaach "blackbird (or perhaps magpie)"
yufivmatnakvánaach "a plant, vinegar weed"
yuhsahním'anamahach "placename, near Clear Creek"
yumaaraxanpuchíniishveenach "sphinx moth"
yumaaraxanpuchinishveenach'ímkaanva "plant sp."
yunyuunhánach "strange, odd"
yupchúkinanach "panther (dimin.)"
yupsítanach "baby"
yupsitanachpírish "plant sp., the four-o'clock"
yusahním'anamahach "placename, near Clear Creek"
yuxtúy'iivneenach "a placename, near Happy Camp"
kúutach "diminutive of male grand-relative (grandfather, grandson) through a woman; i.e., mother's father, mother's uncle, daughter's son, or niece's son."
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xás yánava éeruun vúra impuk-á-ch-nih-ich then visible vacant Intensive be.warm-DEVERB-DIM-place-DIM And he saw it was vacant, it was a nice warm place. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-04) | read full textxás mukun-yûuch-kam-ach ú-krii then 3plPOSS-downriver.and.across-stream-side-DIM 3s(>3)-live And a man lived downriver across-stream from them. Source: Lottie Beck, "The Story of Madrone" (WB_KL-35) | read full text