Ararahih'urípih
A Dictionary and Text Corpus of the Karuk Language

Karuk Dictionary

by William Bright and Susan Gehr (© Karuk Tribe)

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xaat of permissive meaning, often translated as "may, even if"

Dictionary Entry
lexicon ID #6734 | revised Nov 14 2005

xaat PCL • of permissive meaning, often translated as "may, even if"

Derivatives (2)
xâatik "it's better that ...; one should ...; let ...; so be it! Expresses a weak desire; often translated 'let ...' ; as a predication by itself, 'so be it!'"
xâatikha "to let things go"

Source: WB 1607, p.397

  • xáat napíkcha. He may take my picture. [Reference: KV]
  • nuu vúra pakuma'áraaras vúra pufâat úhish ipsháruktihaphanik, xáat máruk kunifyúkutihanik. Our kind of people never used to pack seed home, I don't care if they'd been going around upslope. [Reference: TK 65.37]


Sentence examples (21)

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  1. íshaha    xaat    íim    kíri    ni'ish   
    water    may    2sg.    I.wish    I.drink   
    Do you want water?
    Source: Charlie Thom, Sr., Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (CT-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Charlie Thom, Sr. | Download | Play
  2. xaat    úm    kíri    íshaha    natêeki   
    may    or    I.wish    water    you.dip.up.water.for.me   
    Do you want to drink water?
    Source: Charlie Thom, Sr., Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (CT-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Charlie Thom, Sr. | Download | Play
  3. vaa    káan    xáat    uum    fikriiptih   
    so    there    may    3.SG    sorting   
    [I put them] there hoping they will be sorted.
    Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Play
  4. You can't tell,    xâat    xára    ishanpíithva    pasárip   
    You can't tell,    may    long.time    you.handle.them    the   
    You can't tell, no matter how long you handle the sticks.
    Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Grace Davis | Download | Play
  5. naa    vúra    punathitíveeshara    xâat    xára    kaan    kú'uuhyanati    naa    vúra    vaa    punatákirara    fâat    vúra    pakuchuphúruthunatih   
    1sg.    Intensive    I.won't.hear    may    long.time    there    you.talk    1sg.    Intensive    so    I.can't.leach.acorn.meal    what    Intensive    what.you.are.talking.about   
    I won't be able to hear, even if you talk a long time, I won't be able to leach acorn or whatever you're talking about.
    Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Madeline Davis | Download | Play
  6. xás    achvúun    uppiip    vaa    vúra    ôok    kunpakkúriihvutiheesh    nanipákkuri    xáat    naa    pu'ôokhara   
    then    hookbill.salmon    he.said    so    Intensive    here    they.will.be.singing.yet    my.song    may    1sg.    not.here   
    Then Hookbill said: "They will be singing my song, no matter if I am not here."
    Source: Yaas, "How Buzzard Became Bald" (JPH_KT-01b) | read full text
  7. pu'ikpíhanhara    pasahihêeraha    xáat    vaa    ár    uhêer   
    it.is.not.strong    the.downslope.tobacco    may    that    person    he.smokes.it   
    That river tobacco is not strong, if a person smokes it.
    Source: Phoebe Maddux, Downslope and Upslope Tobacco (JPH_TKIC-III.4) | read full text
  8. nuu    vúra    pakuma'áraaras    vúra    pufâat    úhish    ipsháruktihaphanik    xáat    máruk    kunifyúkutihanik   
    we    Intensive    the.kind.of.people    Intensive    nothing    seed    they.had.been.bringing.it.long.ago    may    uphill    they.had.been.going.around.long.ago   
    Our kind of people never used to pack seed home, I do not care if they had been going around upslope.
    Source: Phoebe Maddux, They Knew That Seeds Will Grow (JPH_TKIC-IV.3) | read full text
  9. xás    pee'ípakahaak    xáat    pananí'aramah    ihrôoha   
    then    when.you.come.back    may    my.child    wife   
    And when you come back, let my child be (your) wife."
    Source: Lottie Beck, "The Perils of Weasel" (WB_KL-18) | read full text
  10. xás    âanxus    upêer    papu'imáan    ívahaak    xáat    paniní'arama    ihrôoha   
    then    weasel    she.told.him    if.not.tomorrow    you.die    may    my.child    wife   
    And she told Weasel, "If you do not die tomorrow, let my child be (your) wife."
    Source: Lottie Beck, "The Perils of Weasel" (WB_KL-18) | read full text
  11. pamâaka    nápaathripaahaak    xáat    vaa    kári    naní'aramah    ihrôoha   
    if.uphill    you.throw.me.inland    may    so    then    my.child    wife   
    If you throw me into (the corner) uphill, let my child be (your) wife."
    Source: Lottie Beck, "The Perils of Weasel" (WB_KL-18) | read full text
  12. xáat    pananí'arama    ihrôoha   
    may    my.child    wife   
    Let my daughter be (your) wife."
    Source: Lottie Beck, "The Perils of Weasel" (WB_KL-18) | read full text
  13. kári    xás    apsunmúnukich    upiip    payaas'ára    u'iiníshrihaak    víri    pa'asiktávaan    vaa    ukupítihaak    ukitaxríharahitihaak    xáat    káru    uxúti    vúra    pu'aapúnmeeshap    víri    vaa    vúra    kun'áapunmeesh   
    then    then    racer.snake    he.said    when.humankind    it.comes.into.existence    so    when.a.woman    so    she.does    when.she.is.unfaithful    may    also    she.thinks    Intensive    they.won't.know    so    so    Intensive    they.will.find.out   
    Then Racer said, "When Mankind comes into existence, when a woman does this, when she is unfaithful, even though she thinks they won't find out, they will find out like this."
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Adulterers Discovered" (WB_KL-39) | read full text
  14. víri    xáat    ithivthaneen'ípan    ti'íipma    vaa    káan    iparamsíipreevish   
    so    may    the.end.of.the.earth    you.go.back    so    there    you.will.start.going.back   
    You may go to the end of the earth, (but) you will come back from there.
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Medicine for the Return of a Sweetheart" (WB_KL-49) | read full text
  15. kári    xás    upíip    pa'asiktávaan    payaas'ára    u'iiníshrihaak    víri    xáat    káru        kun'íitshur    víriva    vúra    upmáheesh    paninipákuriha    mûuk   
    then    then    she.said    the.woman    when.Humankind    it.comes.into.existence    so    may    also    PERF    they.abandon.them    so    Intensive    she.will.see.him.again    my.song    with.(by.means.of)   
    And the woman said, "When Mankind comes into existence, (a woman) may also become abandoned, (but) she will find (her sweetheart) again by means of my song.
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Medicine for the Return of a Sweetheart" (WB_KL-49) | read full text
  16. vaa    vúra    káan    uparamsíipreevish    xáat    káru    ithivthaneen'ípan    tu'íipma   
    so    Intensive    there    he.will.start.going.back    may    also    the.end.of.the.earth    he.went.back   
    He will come back from there, (though) he may have gone to the end of the earth."
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Medicine for the Return of a Sweetheart" (WB_KL-49) | read full text
  17. kári    xás    uxus    payaas'ára    u'iiníshrihaak    víri    uum    káru    vúra    vaa    ukupheesh    xáat    kâanimich   
    then    then    she.thought    when.Humankind    it.comes.into.existence    so    3.SG    also    Intensive    so    she.will.do    may    poor   
    And she thought, "When Mankind comes into existence, (a woman) will do this way also, (though) she may be poor.
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Medicine to Get a Husband" (WB_KL-50) | read full text
  18. paninipákuri    u'aapúnmahaak    víriva    vúra    ávan    uthiinátiheesh    xáat    asiktavankéem   
    if.my.song    she.knows    so    Intensive    husband    she.will.have    may    a.homely.woman   
    If she knows my song, she will have a husband, (though) she may be a homely woman."
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Medicine to Get a Husband" (WB_KL-50) | read full text
  19. púyava    pootáyiithharati    yíiv    vúra        kun'aramsípriin    kúnikvárishtih    xáat    káru    vikakêemich   
    you.see    when.she.lashed.the.base.of.a.basket    far    Intensive    PERF    they.came.from    they.buy.from.her    may    also    bad.weaver   
    So when she lashed the base of a basket with them, people came from far away, they bought from her, (though) she might be a poor weaver.
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Pool in Big Rock" (WB_KL-59) | read full text
  20. tu'iipkúrihar    xáat    káru    ni'iv   
    he.went.to.dive    may    also    I.die   
    He went to dive in, (thinking), "I may even die."
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Pool in Big Rock" (WB_KL-59) | read full text
  21. káru    vúra    xáat    neehrúuthvahi   
    also    Intensive    may    you.make.me.a.slave   
    And you may even take me as your slave."
    Source: Mamie Offield, "The Devil and the Girl" (WB_KL-64) | read full text