Karuk Dictionary
by William Bright and Susan Gehr (© Karuk Tribe)
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ishímfir / ishimfira- brave, tough (of a person)
Dictionary Entry
lexicon ID #2961 | revised Dec 03 2014
ishímfir / ishimfira- • ADJ • brave, tough (of a person)
Literally: 'hot-flesh'
Derivation: | íish imfir | (= íish imfir-a) |
flesh hot | (= flesh be.hot-DEVERB) |
Source: WB 690.1, p.350
- ishímfiras páchishiih. The dogs are mean. [Reference: JPH "Grammar" 154]
- naa ník káru ishímfir. I'm tough too. [Reference: WB 18: The Perils of Weasel 054]
Short recording (1) | Sentence examples (11)
Display mode: sentence | word | word components
hãã vúra-va ishimfirá-kuupha vaa yes just-that brave-doing so Yes, (it was) a big happening. Source: Julian Lang, Vina Smith, Conversation: Julian's Day (JL-VS-01) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playpa-'áraar-as kúnish koovúra pa-'ishímfir kuma-'áraar-as the-human-PL sort.of all the-brave 3sPOSS-human-PL Those guys are all tough guys. Source: Sonny Davis, Sentences about body parts, etc. (SD-01) | read full text
Spoken by Sonny Davis | Download | Playnaa vúra ishímfir 1sg. Intensive brave I am really tough. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: adjectives (VS-27) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playíim káru ishímfir 2sg. also brave You are tough, too. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: adjectives (VS-28) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playnaa vúra ishímfir íim káru ishímfir 1sg. Intensive brave 2sg. also brave I am tough and you are tough, too. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: adjectives (VS-28) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playuum vaa ishímfir 3.SG that brave She is tough. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: adjectives (VS-28) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playíim káru ishímfir 2sg. also brave You are tough, too. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: adjectives (VS-28) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playxás âanxus u-píip naa ník káru ishímfir then weasel 3s(>3)-say 1sg. a.little also brave And Weasel said, "I'm tough too." Source: Lottie Beck, "The Perils of Weasel" (WB_KL-18) | read full textkári xás uum káru ishímfir âanaxus then then 3.SG also brave weasel And Weasel was tough, too. Source: Mamie Offield, "The Perils of Weasel" (WB_KL-19) | read full textyukún uum káru ishímfir asaxêevar v-eekxaréeyav you.see 3.SG also brave mossy 3sPOSS-spirit.person You see, Baldy Peak Spirit was tough too. Source: Mamie Offield, "Shinny Game Medicine" (WB_KL-54) | read full text