Ararahih'urípih
A Dictionary and Text Corpus of the Karuk Language

Karuk Dictionary

by William Bright and Susan Gehr (© Karuk Tribe)

This is the public version of Ararahih'urípih. Click here for the password-protected private version (which includes some restricted-access text content).

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hum or; yes-no question marker

Dictionary Entry
lexicon ID #1402 | revised Oct 31 2014

hum • PCL • or; yes-no question marker

  • kumáahtihum ithyáruk páykuuk pakunvuhvúhinaati. Do you see there across-river, where they are deerskin-dancing? [Reference: DeA & F 4: Land of the Dead 008]
  • fâat pakuhítihan ávansahum húm asiktávaan. What is it that's sick, a man or a woman? [Reference: KT 155.17]

Sentence examples (99)


Display mode: sentence | word | word components

  1. i'aapúnmuti hum?
    Do you understand?
    Source: Charlie Thom, Sr., Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (CT-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Charlie Thom, Sr. | Download | Play

  2. koovúra úm ithítiimtih?
    Do you hear everything?
    Source: Charlie Thom, Sr., Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (CT-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Charlie Thom, Sr. | Download | Play

  3. ipikrôokti hum?
    Did you remember?
    Source: Charlie Thom, Sr., Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (CT-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Charlie Thom, Sr. | Download | Play

  4. ipikrôokti húm fâat peepítih?
    Did you learn (remember) what you said?
    Source: Charlie Thom, Sr., Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (CT-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Charlie Thom, Sr. | Download | Play

  5. teepshinvárihva hum?
    Did you forget?
    Source: Charlie Thom, Sr., Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (CT-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Charlie Thom, Sr. | Download | Play

  6. " íshaha" húm xâatik " kíri ni'ish"?
    Did you want to drink water?
    Source: Charlie Thom, Sr., Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (CT-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Charlie Thom, Sr. | Download | Play

  7. íshaha húm tée xrah?
    Are you thirsty?
    Source: Charlie Thom, Sr., Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (CT-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Charlie Thom, Sr. | Download | Play

  8. xaat úm kíri íshaha natêeki!"?
    Do you want to drink water?
    Source: Charlie Thom, Sr., Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (CT-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Charlie Thom, Sr. | Download | Play

  9. kúkuum húm nutêekeesh?
    Do you want some more water?
    Source: Charlie Thom, Sr., Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (CT-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Charlie Thom, Sr. | Download | Play

  10. tikáriha hum?
    Are you ready?
    Source: Charlie Thom, Sr., Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (CT-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Charlie Thom, Sr. | Download | Play

  11. tée kfúuyshur hum?
    Are you tired?
    Source: Charlie Thom, Sr., Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (CT-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Charlie Thom, Sr. | Download | Play

  12. tóo kviit-ha hum?
    Maybe [Madeline's] gone to sleep.
    Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Grace Davis | Download | Play

  13. tée kviit-ha hum?
    [To M:] Are you asleep?
    Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Play

  14. sáruk áta vúra asáriik húm fâat?
    By the river, in the rocks, or what?
    Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Madeline Davis | Download | Play

  15. áhup ikyâatih hum?
    Did you gather wood?
    Source: Julian Lang, Vina Smith, Conversation: Julian's Day (JL-VS-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  16. xás kunipêer: " íim úm vúra pu'ipvôonupukeeshara?"
    Then they told him: "Aren't you going to go out?"
    Source: Yaas, "How Grizzly Bear Got his Ears Burnt Off" (JPH_KT-01a) | read full text

  17. tóo snur um?
    Did it thunder?
    Source: Lucille Albers, Sentences about acorns, weather (LA-02) | read full text
    Spoken by Lucille Albers | Download | Play

  18. ishnúr um?
    Is it thundering?
    Source: Lucille Albers, Sentences about acorns, weather (LA-02) | read full text
    Spoken by Lucille Albers | Download | Play

  19. tée kfúuyshur hum?
    Are you tired?
    Source: Lucille Albers, Sentences about animals, insects, and going places (LA-04) | read full text
    Spoken by Lucille Albers | Download | Play

  20. tée kvúrish hum?
    Are you tired?
    Source: Lucille Albers, Sentences about animals, insects, and going places (LA-04) | read full text
    Spoken by Lucille Albers | Download | Play

  21. taay úm papúsihich úm ithiinátih um?
    Do you have lots of cats?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sonny Davis, Sentences about perception, animals, verb tenses (SD-VS-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Sonny Davis | Download | Play

  22. páy úm ivíshtaantih?
    Do you like this?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions and answers (VS-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  23. vaa húm i'ávaheen?
    Did you eat it?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions (VS-03) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  24. paputíruh húm i'ávaheen?
    Did you eat the potato?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions (VS-03) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  25. vaa húm pee'ávaheen?
    Did you eat it?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions (VS-03) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  26. vaa húm pee'ávaheen paputíruh?
    Did you eat the potato?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions (VS-03) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  27. paputíruh húm i'ávaheen?
    Did you eat the potato?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions (VS-03) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  28. vaa húm péemuustih?
    Are you looking at it?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions (VS-03) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  29. váa húm ímuustih?
    Are you looking at it?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions (VS-03) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  30. vaa húm péemuusti íim?
    Are you looking at it?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions (VS-03) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  31. papúsihich ímuusti hum?
    Are you looking at the cat?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions (VS-03) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  32. iim húm iyíkihitih?
    Are you sick?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-06) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  33. panani'aháknah tée máh hum?
    Did you see my goose?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about possession, locatives; words for consonants and accent (VS-08) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  34. teexúriha hum?
    Are you hungry?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about possession, locatives; words for consonants and accent (VS-08) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  35. chúupha ti'ítapti húm pá'ararahih?
    Do you know the Indian language?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences with words for accent (VS-10) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  36. tée mah húm pa'achviiv?
    Do you see the bird?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about animals, questions (VS-14) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  37. tée mah húm papúufich?
    Do you see the deer?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about animals, questions (VS-14) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  38. papúsihich húm ithiinátih?
    Do you have a cat?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions and answers, verb tenses (VS-17) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  39. papúsihich úm tee mah?
    Did you see the cat?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions and answers, verb tenses (VS-17) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  40. payuraschíshiih ikûuntakoo hum?
    Did you ride the horse?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions and answers, verb tenses (VS-17) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  41. íshkih úm tóo kxip?
    Does it fly fast?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions and answers, verb tenses (VS-17) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  42. áama húm i'áveesh?
    Are you going to eat salmon?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions and answers, verb tenses (VS-17) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  43. áama úm ivíshtaantih?
    Do you like salmon?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions and answers, verb tenses (VS-17) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  44. íshkih úm pa'ákraa ukpúuhtih?
    Does the eel swim fast?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions and answers, verb tenses (VS-17) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  45. ivíshtaantih húm pa'ákraah?
    Do you like eels?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions and answers, verb tenses (VS-17) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  46. pa'íshaha húm i'ísheesh?
    Do you want to drink water?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions and answers, verb tenses (VS-17) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  47. papufích'iish úm ivíshtaantih?
    Do you like deer meat?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions and answers, verb tenses (VS-17) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  48. iim húm hûut?
    And how are you?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20a) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  49. chí upathríheesh hum?
    Is it going to rain?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20a) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  50. púsihich íthvuuyti hum?
    Are you named Púsihich?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20a) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  51. yáv uum imníshaan um?
    Is he a good cook?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20b) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  52. tithítiv um?
    Do you understand?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20b) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  53. ti'áapunma hum?
    Do you understand?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20b) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  54. i'aapúnmuti húm vúra ník?
    Do you know?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20b) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  55. tipipshiinvárihva hum?
    Did you forget?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20b) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  56. iim tée káriha hum?
    Are you ready yet?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20d) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  57. titxâarihva hum?
    Are you waking up?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20d) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  58. tikáriha hum?
    Are you ready?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20d) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  59. tá kuxúriha hum?
    Are you guys hungry?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20d) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  60. tée xúriha hum?
    Are you hungry?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20d) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  61. tée kvúrishrih hum?
    Are you tired?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20d) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  62. ipûunveesh hum?
    Do you want to rest?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20d) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  63. tée xviipha hum?
    Are you mad?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions, answers, possessives (VS-29) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  64. tée kviit-ha hum?
    Are you sleepy?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions, answers, possessives (VS-29) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  65. upathríheesh hum?
    Is it going to rain?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions, answers, possessives (VS-29) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  66. páy uum pananí'av hum?
    Is this my food?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions, answers, possessives (VS-29) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  67. akvaat húm ivíshtaantih?
    Do you like (to eat) raccoon?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions, answers, possessives (VS-29) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  68. ithítiv hum?
    Did you hear it?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions, answers, possessives (VS-29) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  69. arara'íshpuk hum?
    [Do you mean] Indian money?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions, answers, possessives (VS-29) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  70. Arch vúra tóopiip hum?
    Did Arch say that?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions, answers, possessives (VS-29) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  71. máruk úm taay pa'ípaha?
    Are there trees up the hill?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  72. papúsihich káan úkrii hum?
    Is the cat sitting there?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about sitting, standing and lying (VS-35a) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  73. papúsihich úm vaa káan úkrii?
    Is the cat sitting over there?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about sitting, standing and lying (VS-35a) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  74. îikam úm ihyárih?
    Are you standing outside?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about sitting, standing and lying (VS-35a) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  75. iim húm ikvíit-hitih
    Are you sleeping?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about feeling cold, playing, and getting old (VS-35b) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  76. ipít húm ikyámiichvaheen
    Did you play yesterday?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about feeling cold, playing, and getting old (VS-35b) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  77. iim i'uufíthva hum?
    Are you swimming?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about feeling cold, playing, and getting old (VS-35b) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  78. íshaha húm i'ísheesh?
    Would you like some water?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about making sandwiches (VS-38) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  79. sára húm i'áveesh?
    Would you like some bread?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about making sandwiches (VS-38) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  80. úchish húm i'isheesh?
    Are you going to drink milk?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about making sandwiches (VS-38) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  81. úchish húm ivíshtaantih?
    Do you like milk?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about making sandwiches (VS-38) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  82. ápus húm i'áveesh?
    Do you want an apple?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about making sandwiches (VS-38) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  83. teexúriha hum?
    Are you hungry?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about making sandwiches (VS-38) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  84. íshaha húm tée xrah?
    Are you thirsty?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about food and drink (VS-39) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  85. pacake húm ikyâavish?
    Would you make the cake?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about food and drink (VS-39) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  86. pajuice húm í'isheesh?
    Are you going to drink the juice?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about food and drink (VS-39) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  87. ípararahum, atafâat naa vaa."
    He's not reliable, maybe that's him."
    Source: Chester Pepper, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-03) | read full text

  88. yáas xunyêep tá kunpípeer " tikárihahum nik.
    Then they told Tan Oak, "Are you ready?
    Source: Lottie Beck, "The Story of Tan Oak Acorn" (WB_KL-30) | read full text

  89. xás kári yítha upiip, " yakún húm vaa áraar, uum vaa vírusur."
    Then one said, "You see, that's no person, that's a bear!"
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Story of Bear" (WB_KL-40) | read full text

  90. kári xás vaa upiip, " iimkun úm kúth ni'íiftih, iimkun úm kumá'ii ni'íiftih.
    And he said, "Am I growing up for you people, am I growing up for your sake?
    Source: Mamie Offield, "Wrestling Medicine" (WB_KL-55) | read full text

  91. koovúra vaa upítih, " iimkun úm kúth ni'íiftih.
    Every time, (kunâach'aa) said, "Am I growing up for you people?
    Source: Mamie Offield, "Wrestling Medicine" (WB_KL-55) | read full text

  92. kári xás upiip, " ifuyâach húm patanakoohímachva."
    And he said, "Is it true that you grieve for me?"
    Source: Mamie Offield, "A Trip to the Land of the Dead" (WB_KL-58) | read full text

  93. xás upiip, " tá neepítap um."
    And she said, "Do you know me?"
    Source: Daisy Jones, "The Snake People" (WB_KL-60) | read full text

  94. tée má húm peekrívraam máruk."
    Do you see the sweathouse uphill?"
    Source: Daisy Jones, "The Snake People" (WB_KL-60) | read full text

  95. xás upiip, " tée má húm peekrívraam."
    And she said, "Do you see the sweathouse (now)?"
    Source: Daisy Jones, "The Snake People" (WB_KL-60) | read full text

  96. kári xás upéer, " páy húm mi'ífunih."
    And he said, "Is this your hair?"
    Source: Mamie Offield, "The Devil Discovered" (WB_KL-62) | read full text