Ararahih'urípih
A Dictionary and Text Corpus of the Karuk Language

Karuk Dictionary

by William Bright and Susan Gehr (© Karuk Tribe)

This is the public version of Ararahih'urípih. Click here for the password-protected private version (which includes some restricted-access text content).

New search
Index order: alphabetical | text frequency

Search Index

na- marker used for 'I' or 'me' in verbs expressing states affecting self.

Dictionary Entry
lexicon ID #4296 | revised Dec 17 2017

na- • PREF • marker used for 'I' or 'me' in verbs expressing states affecting self.

Source: WB G 520

Note: Used optionally with some verbs referring to conditions, instead of ni-; e.g. tanixúrih or tanaxúrih 'I'm hungry'.

Sentence examples (114)


Display mode: sentence | word | word components

  1. pi'êep vaa káan ta neepshinvárihva.
    A long time ago I forgot.
    Source: Charlie Thom, Sr., Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (CT-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Charlie Thom, Sr. | Download | Play

  2. navíshtaanti áayas.
    I like grapes.
    Source: Charlie Thom, Sr., Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (CT-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Charlie Thom, Sr. | Download | Play

  3. ta néekfuuyshur.
    I'm tired.
    Source: Charlie Thom, Sr., Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (CT-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Charlie Thom, Sr. | Download | Play

  4. xas upíip, "páy xas íp napakyâat."
    And he answered, "Oh! I just had luck with it, that's all!"
    Source: Margaret Harrie, "The Ten Young Men who Became the Pleiades" (DAF_KT-02) | read full text

  5. káruma vúra tá neekvúrish káru vúra tá naxuniháyaachha xás panani'akunvarasímsiim mûuk nipárupkurih.
    But I was getting tired and I was hungry besides. I took my hunting knife and began chiselling.
    Source: Benonie Harrie, "Coyote Pups" (DAF_KT-05a) | read full text

  6. kári xás upíip, " náa vúra naapmán'anamahachhitih!"
    Then he said, "My mouth is small!"
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Bluejay, Medicine-Man" (DAF_KT_03) | read full text

  7. xás uxus: "vúra puna'áveeshara. xáy áas néexrah."
    Then he thought: "I am not going to eat it, I shouldn't get thirsty for water."
    Source: Phoebe Maddux, "Coyote Starts for Klamath Lakes, East Roasted Grasshoppers, Floats Down River and Marries Two Girls" (JPH_KT-05) | read full text

  8. xás uxus: "íshaha tá néexra."
    Then he thought: "I am thirsty for water."
    Source: Phoebe Maddux, "Coyote Starts for Klamath Lakes, East Roasted Grasshoppers, Floats Down River and Marries Two Girls" (JPH_KT-05) | read full text

  9. tanapíkriivrav.
    I got hurt.
    Source: Fritz Hansen, "Coyote Falls through the Living-House Roof Hole" (JPH_KT-12) | read full text

  10. tá ná'aathva.
    I'm scared.
    Source: Lucille Albers, Sentences about fear and going places (LA-01) | read full text
    Download | Play

  11. tá néemchak.
    I got burned.
    Source: Sonny Davis, Sentences about body parts, etc. (SD-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Sonny Davis | Download | Play

  12. tá neekvúrishrih.
    I am tired.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-04) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  13. puxích tá neekvúrishrih.
    I am really tired.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-04) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  14. tá neekvúrishrih panipakúriihvutih.
    I am tired of singing.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-04) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  15. tá neekvúrishrih puxích panipakúriihvutih.
    I am really tired of singing.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-04) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  16. puxích íp neekvúrishrihat máh’iit payêem uum yáv nipmahóonkoonatih.
    I was tired this morning, but now I am feeling good.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-04) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  17. máh’iit tá néep neekvúrishrihat.
    I was tired this morning.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-04) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  18. tá neekvúrish.
    I am tired.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-05) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  19. tá naxúriha naa.
    I am hungry.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-05) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  20. naa tá naxúriha.
    I am hungry.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-05) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  21. naa vúra tá naxúriha puxích.
    I am really hungry.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-05) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  22. máh’iit íp naxúrihitihat payêem uum punaxúrihitihara.
    I was hungry this morning, but now I am not hungry.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-05) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  23. máh’iit naxúrihitihat.
    I was hungry this morning.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-05) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  24. máh’iit íp naxúrihitihat.
    I was hungry this morning.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-05) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  25. naa vúra nayíkihitih.
    I am sick.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-06) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  26. naa nayíkihitih.
    I am sick.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-06) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  27. naa tá ná'aathva.
    I am scared.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-06) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  28. vúra puxích tá néexviipha.
    I am very angry.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-06) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  29. vúra puxích tá nafuráthfip.
    I am really nervous.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-06) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  30. tá nafuráthfip.
    I am nervous.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-06) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  31. uum puxích tá néemchax.
    I am hot.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-06) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  32. tá na'áxaska.
    I am thin.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-06) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  33. uum puxích íshaha tá néexra.
    I am very thirsty.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-06) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  34. naa punéexratihara.
    I am not thirsty.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-06) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  35. tá néefchak.
    I am stuck.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-06) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  36. pûuhara naa punéefchaktihara.
    No, I am not stuck.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-06) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  37. naa tá neexrára.
    I am crying.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences with relative clauses, negation, commands (VS-09) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  38. naa puneexráratihara.
    I am not crying.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences with relative clauses, negation, commands (VS-09) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  39. naa káru tá neepshéek.
    I am also getting heavy.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences with words for accent (VS-10) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  40. naa neepshéektih.
    I am getting heavy.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences with words for accent (VS-10) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  41. naa káru neepshéektih.
    I am also getting heavy.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences with words for accent (VS-10) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  42. tá néemchak.
    I burned myself.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences with verb paradigms, words for accent (VS-11) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  43. tá naxúriha.
    I am hungry.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20c) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  44. punaxúrihitihara.
    I am not hungry.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20c) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  45. íshaha tá néexrah.
    I am thirsty.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20c) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  46. naa vúra tá nayâavaha.
    I am full.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20c) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  47. tá neekvúrishrih.
    I am tired.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20c) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  48. tá néekfuuyshur.
    I am tired.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20c) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  49. naa vúra tá neekvúrishrih.
    I'm tired.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20d) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  50. tá néekviit-ha.
    I am sleepy
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20d) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  51. naa vúra puxích néetniivka.
    I am very mean.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: adjectives (VS-27) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  52. naa vúra puxích néetniivkatih.
    I am really mean.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: adjectives (VS-27) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  53. tá napiváxrah.
    I am dry.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: adjectives (VS-28) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  54. tá néemchax.
    I am hot.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: adjectives (VS-28) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  55. naa tá néemchax.
    I am hot.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: adjectives (VS-28) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  56. tá navíshtar.
    I like it.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions, answers, possessives (VS-29) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  57. vaa vúra uum puxích tá nafuráthfip.
    I am really cranky.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  58. naa tá áthiik.
    I am cold.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about feeling cold, playing, and getting old (VS-35b) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  59. tá nayíkiha
    I am sick.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about feeling cold, playing, and getting old (VS-35b) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  60. vúra uum púxich tá nayíkiha.
    I got really sick.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about feeling cold, playing, and getting old (VS-35b) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  61. náa vúra púxich tá napihnîichha.
    I am a very old man.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about feeling cold, playing, and getting old (VS-35b) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  62. tá napihnîichha.
    I am an old man.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about feeling cold, playing, and getting old (VS-35b) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  63. naa tá napihnîichha.
    I am an old man.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about feeling cold, playing, and getting old (VS-35b) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  64. vúra kúnish tá naxúriha.
    I'm sort of hungry.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about food and drink (VS-39) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  65. oo, vúra uum puxich tá naxúriha.
    I am really hungry.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about food and drink (VS-39) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  66. hãã, vúra puxich tá naxúriha.
    Yes, I am really hungry.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about food and drink (VS-39) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  67. hãã vúra kúnish tá néexrah.
    I'm sort of thirsty.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about food and drink (VS-39) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  68. hãã vúra puxich tá néexrah.
    I'm really thirsty.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about food and drink (VS-39) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  69. hãã vúra uum púxich tá néexrah.
    Yes, I'm very thirsty.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about food and drink (VS-39) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  70. púxich tá ná'aachichha, pa'ôok tá níkrii panámniik, pa'ôok kóovan nu'áraarahiti.
    I'm very happy that I'm here in Orleans, that I'm here with all of you.
    Source: William Bright, "Speech to Karuk Tribal Council" (WB-01) | read full text
    Spoken by William Bright | Download | Play

  71. koovúra panani'araréefyiivshas naa kíipeentihap, " yôotva, púxich taná'aachichha!"
    To all my Indian friends, I'm saying, "Thank you, I'm very glad!"
    Source: William Bright, "Speech to Karuk Tribal Council" (WB-01) | read full text
    Spoken by William Bright | Download | Play

  72. kári xás " ii! púya íf íshaha tá néexrah."
    "Oh, how thirsty I am!"
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-01) | read full text

  73. kári xás uxus, " púya íf tá néexrah."
    And he thought, "How thirsty I am!"
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-01) | read full text

  74. kári xás uxus, " ii! vúra tá puná'uumara, vúra íshaha tá néexrah."
    And he thought, "Oh, I can't reach it, I'm really thirsty."
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-01) | read full text

  75. vúra uum tá neemchitátkoo.
    The bones are sticking out through my skin.
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote's Homecoming" (second telling) (WB_KL-02a) | read full text
    Spoken by Nettie Ruben | Download | Play

  76. kári xás uxúti " hûut áta kúth papunayâavahitihara."
    And (after he had eaten them), he thought "I wonder why I'm not getting full?"
    Source: Chester Pepper, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-03) | read full text

  77. xás uxús " púya páy uum, payêem uum nayâavaheesh.
    And he thought, "There, now I'll get full.
    Source: Chester Pepper, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-03) | read full text

  78. xás axmáy vúra " anoo! anoo! tá néemchak."
    And suddenly (he said), "Ouch! ouch! I'm burnt!"
    Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-04) | read full text

  79. yánava " tá ná'iinka."
    He saw, (he said), "I'm burning!"
    Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-04) | read full text

  80. kári xás uxus, " íshaha tá néexrah."
    And he thought, "I'm thirsty."
    Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-05) | read full text

  81. uxus, " íf tá na'ûuri panipakurîihvutih.
    He thought, "I'm really tired of singing.
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote Trades Songs" (WB_KL-07) | read full text

  82. tá napipshinvárihva."
    I've forgotten it."
    Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote Trades Songs and Goes to the Sky" (WB_KL-09) | read full text

  83. kári xás upíip " matêe kuvaan, tá nathurirúvuukva."
    And he said, "matêe kuvaan, I'm urinating all over myself!"
    Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote Trades Songs and Goes to the Sky" (WB_KL-09) | read full text

  84. xás upíip " matêe kuvaan, tá neechnahirúvuukva."
    And he said, "matêe kuvaan, I'm defecating all over myself!"
    Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote Trades Songs and Goes to the Sky" (WB_KL-09) | read full text

  85. pûuhara, xáy ápsii néeshpat.
    No, I might get a leg broken.
    Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote Trades Songs and Goes to the Sky" (WB_KL-09) | read full text

  86. pûu, xáy vási néeshpat.
    No, I might get my back broken.
    Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote Trades Songs and Goes to the Sky" (WB_KL-09) | read full text

  87. pûu, xáy axvâa néeshxax."
    No, I might get my head smashed."
    Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote Trades Songs and Goes to the Sky" (WB_KL-09) | read full text

  88. xás uxus, " hûut tá ná'iin."
    And he thought, "What's wrong with me?"
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote Eats His Own Excrement" (WB_KL-14) | read full text

  89. kári xás uxútih " hûut yáxa tá ná'iin."
    And he thought, "Look, what's wrong with me?"
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote Eats His Own Excrement" (WB_KL-14) | read full text

  90. pamutiiv káru vúra aaxkúnishichas, vaa vúra pánaa neemúsahiti pananítiiv.
    His ears are reddish too, just like my ears look.
    Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Marries His Own Daughter" (WB_KL-16) | read full text

  91. xás upíti " tá na'ûuri páykuuk pani'ahoonkôoti yiiv."
    And she said, "I'm tired of going by the far way yonder."
    Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Marries His Own Daughter" (WB_KL-16) | read full text

  92. kári xás upiip, " tá naxúriha.
    And he said, "I'm hungry.
    Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote Gives Salmon and Acorns to Mankind" (WB_KL-17) | read full text

  93. yánava upítih, " cháfich kích navíshtaantih."
    They saw he was saying, "I just want a bone to gnaw on."
    Source: Julia Starritt, "The Hair in the Soup" (WB_KL-21) | read full text

  94. vaa ukupapakurîihvahitih, " cháfich kích navíshtaantih."
    He was singing that, "I just want a bone to gnaw on."
    Source: Julia Starritt, "The Hair in the Soup" (WB_KL-21) | read full text

  95. xás papihnîich vaa vúra upakurîihvutih, " cháfich kích navíshtaantih."
    And the old man was singing that way, "I just want a bone to chew on."
    Source: Julia Starritt, "The Hair in the Soup" (WB_KL-21) | read full text

  96. tá néekfuuyshur.''
    I'm tired."
    Source: Lottie Beck, "Old Man Turtle Dances" (WB_KL-22) | read full text

  97. ayu'âach vúra uum tá naxúriha."
    It's because I'm hungry."
    Source: Lottie Beck, "The Greedy Father" (WB_KL-23) | read full text

  98. kári xás xanpuchíniishveenach upíip " naa vúra naapmán'anamahachhitih.
    And Hummingbird said, "My mouth is too small.
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Blue Jay As Doctor" (WB_KL-29) | read full text

  99. xás upítih " naa vúra naapmán'anamahachhitih.
    And she said, "My mouth is too small.
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Blue Jay As Doctor" (WB_KL-29) | read full text

  100. kári xás " hûut áta tá ná'iin."
    And (he thought), "I wonder what's wrong with me?"
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Creation of Eels" (WB_KL-41) | read full text

  101. " ii! tá nasáyriihva" tóo xus.
    "Oh, I'm lonesome!" she thought.
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Medicine for the Return of a Sweetheart" (WB_KL-49) | read full text

  102. ii! ninikeechíkyav, tá nasáyriihva.
    Oh, my sweetheart, I am lonesome!
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Medicine for the Return of a Sweetheart" (WB_KL-49) | read full text

  103. patupíkyaar poochiihvîichvuti kári xás peekxuraráhaan uxús " ii! tá nasáyriihva.
    When she finished singing her love song, then Evening Star thought, "Oh, I'm lonesome!
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Medicine for the Return of a Sweetheart" (WB_KL-49) | read full text

  104. kári xás uxus, " tá nakúha, xâatik vúra nipváruprav."
    And she said, "I'm sick, let me go out!"
    Source: Mamie Offield, "A Trip to the Land of the Dead" (WB_KL-58) | read full text

  105. kíri naa káru íshkiit na'árihish."
    Let me become lucky too!"
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Pool in Big Rock" (WB_KL-59) | read full text

  106. víri naa tá ná'aathva.
    I'm afraid.
    Source: Daisy Jones, "The Snake People" (WB_KL-60) | read full text

  107. máruk hôoyva ni'ípahoo, tá ná'aathva."
    I'm going uphill somewhere; I'm afraid."
    Source: Daisy Jones, "The Snake People" (WB_KL-60) | read full text

  108. kári xás uxus, " tá ná'aathva kip nusúmahtih."
    And (the one who remained) thought, "I'm afraid; we've been hearing some noise."
    Source: Mamie Offield, "The Devil and the Girl" (WB_KL-64) | read full text

  109. íf ta naxuniháyaachha.
    I'm really hungry!
    Source: Mamie Offield, "The Devil and the Girl" (WB_KL-64) | read full text

  110. kári xás upiip, " áp ná'aathvat, víri tá ni'ípak."
    And she said, "I was afraid, so I came back."
    Source: Mamie Offield, "The Devil and the Girl" (WB_KL-64) | read full text

  111. naa vúra naapmán'anamahachhitih.
    I've got a small mouth.
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Blue Jay as Doctor" (WB_LA78.1-004a) | read full text
    Spoken by Nettie Ruben | Download | Play

  112. ya naa vúra naapmán'anamahachhitih.
    I've got a small mouth.
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Blue Jay as Doctor" (WB_LA78.1-004a) | read full text
    Spoken by Nettie Ruben | Download | Play

  113. naa vúra naapmán'anamahachhitih.
    I've got a small mouth.
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Blue Jay as Doctor" (WB_LA78.1-004a) | read full text
    Spoken by Nettie Ruben | Download | Play