Ararahih'urípih
A Dictionary and Text Corpus of the Karuk Language

Karuk Dictionary

by William Bright and Susan Gehr (© Karuk Tribe)

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akâay who?; anyone

Dictionary Entry
lexicon ID #234 | revised Nov 07 2014

akâay • PRON • who?; anyone Variant: akáray.

Derivative (1)
akâayva "anyone, someone, whoever"

Source: WB 52, p.316

Note: After pu- 'not,' the allomorphs akára and kára occur.

  • kunípaanik, akáray áta. They said, "We'll see who wins." [Reference: KS2.Turtle & Abalone 002]
  • chími akâay kích kiikpíkaan. Go fetch someone else! [Reference: DeA & F 3: Bluejay as Doctor 016]

Short recordings (2) | Sentence examples (30)

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  1. akâay   uum   mi-'áraar  
    who   3.SG   2sPOSS-relative  
    Who are your relations?
    Source: Charlie Thom, Sr., Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (CT-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Charlie Thom, Sr. | Download | Play

  2. kári   xás   u-píip   púxay   vúra   húun-xay-heesh-ara   chími   akâay   kích   kiik-píkaan  
    then   then   3s(>3)-say   not.yet   Intensive   harmful-not-FUT-NEG   soon   who   only   2pl(>3)-go.get  
    Then he said, "I cannot do any more for him, you better fetch someone else!"
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Bluejay, Medicine-Man" (DAF_KT_03) | read full text

  3. akâay   akâay   p-oo-'iithvú-tih-anik  
    who   who   NOMZ-3s(>3)-pack-DUR-ANC  
    Who? Who was packing it?
    Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Grace Davis | Download | Play

  4. akâay   pa-xuntápan   u-kítnaak-tih  
    who   the-acorn   3s(>3)-crack.(acorns)-DUR  
    Who is cracking acorns?
    Source: Lucille Albers, Sentences about acorns, weather (LA-02) | read full text
    Spoken by Lucille Albers | Download | Play

  5. akâay   ikpúr   u-tákir-tih  
    who   acorn.flour   3s(>3)-leach.(acorn.meal)-DUR  
    Who is leaching acorn meal?
    Source: Lucille Albers, Sentences about acorns, weather (LA-02) | read full text
    Spoken by Lucille Albers | Download | Play

  6. akâay   uum   panámnik   u-vâaram-eesh  
    who   3.SG   Orleans   3s(>3)-go-FUT  
    Who's going to go to Orleans?
    Source: Lucille Albers, Sentences about animals, insects, and going places (LA-04) | read full text
    Spoken by Lucille Albers | Download | Play

  7. akâay   pa-'áama   u-'áam-tih  
    who   the-salmon   3s(>3)-eat-DUR  
    Who's eating the salmon?
    Source: Lucille Albers, Sentences about animals, insects, and going places (LA-04) | read full text
    Spoken by Lucille Albers | Download | Play

  8. akâay   u-'áv-aheen  
    who   3s(>3)-eat-ANT  
    Who ate it?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions (VS-03) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  9. akâay   vaa   káan   ú-krii   pa-'ikrívkir  
    who   that   there   3s(>3)-live   the-disk-seat  
    There is someone sitting there in the chair.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about possession, locatives; words for consonants and accent (VS-08) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  10. akâay   vaa   káan   ú-kree-nik   pi'êep  
    who   that   there   3s(>3)-live-ANC   long.ago  
    Who lived there long ago?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences with words for accent (VS-10) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  11. akâay   sáruk   t-u-'árihfak  
    who   downhill   PERF-3s(>3)-walk.downhill  
    Who walked down the hill?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about spatial relations (VS-13) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  12. akâay   sáruk   t-óo   árihfaku-heen   ipit  
    who   downhill   PERF-3s(>3)   walk.downhill-ANT   yesterday  
    Who walked down the hill yesterday?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about spatial relations (VS-13) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  13. akâay   iim   mi-'áraar-as  
    who   2sg.   2sPOSS-human-PL  
    Who are your relatives?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20a) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  14. akâay   mi-'áraar-as  
    who   2sPOSS-human-PL  
    Who are your relatives?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20a) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  15. akâay   t-u-'áhoo  
    who   PERF-3s(>3)-go  
    Who is arriving?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: actions and instrumentals (VS-21) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  16. akâay   vaa   t-óo   kúupha  
    who   that   PERF-3s(>3)   do  
    Who did that?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions, answers, possessives (VS-29) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  17. akâay   pa-mi-'áraar-as  
    who   the-2sPOSS-human-PL  
    Who are your relatives?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions, answers, possessives (VS-29) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  18. akâay   mú-thyur  
    who   3sPOSS-car  
    Whose car?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions, answers, possessives (VS-29) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  19. akâay   t-óo   knáknak  
    who   PERF-3s(>3)   knock  
    Who is knocking?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about feeling cold, playing, and getting old (VS-35b) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  20. akâay   u-kyâa-nik   vaa   pa-'ápxaan?  
    who   3s(>3)-make-ANC   so   the-cap?  
    Who made your hat?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about weaving a hat (VS-37) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  21. akâay   uum   pa-mi-'ávan  
    who   3.SG   the-2sPOSS-husband  
    Who is your husband?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about family (VS-41) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

  22. íkiich   káru   vúra   mu-típa   káru   mu-xúkam   káru   vúra   akâay   vúra   pa-mu-'áraar  
    maybe   also   Intensive   3sPOSS-brother   also   3sPOSS-uncle.(maternal)   also   Intensive   who   Intensive   the-3sPOSS-relative  
    Maybe too it would be his brother or his uncle or any relative of his.
    Source: Julia Starritt, "Swearing" (WB_KL-0) | read full text

  23. kári   xás   u-piip   achiimuuch-pihnîich   akâay   t-u-tháfip   naní-xraat  
    then   then   3s(>3)-say   lizard-old.man   who   PERF-3s(>3)-devour   1sPOSS-gooseberry  
    Then Old Man Lizard said, "Who ate up my gooseberries?
    Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-05) | read full text

  24. kári   xás   u-piip   akâay   t-u-táayvaar   pa-nani-'íin  
    then   then   3s(>3)-say   who   PERF-3s(>3)-spoil   the-1sPOSS-falls  
    And he said, "Who spoiled my falls?"
    Source: Mamie Offield, "Duck Hawk and His Wife" (WB_KL-27) | read full text

  25. kári   xás   u-piip   akâay   kích   vúra   ip-shan-sîipree-vish-an   pa-mu-'ípih  
    then   then   3s(>3)-say   who   only   Intensive   ITER-carry.(things)-up.(pl.action)-FUT-Participial   the-3sPOSS-bone  
    And he said, "Who is going to carry away her bones?"
    Source: Mamie Offield, "Duck Hawk and His Wife" (WB_KL-27) | read full text

  26. kári   xás   kun-piip   akâay   uum   pá-xuus   êeth-tih-eesh-an  
    then   then   3pl(>3s)-say   who   3.SG   the-thought   carry-DUR-FUT-Participial  
    And they said, "Who will take care of it?"
    Source: Mamie Offield, "The Story of Slug" (WB_KL-38) | read full text

  27. víri   akâay   vúra   xákaan   kun-vúunv-eesh  
    so   who   Intensive   with.(one.person)   3pl(>3s)-wrestle-FUT  
    Who will wrestle with him?"
    Source: Mamie Offield, "Wrestling Medicine" (WB_KL-55) | read full text

  28. púyava   vúra   vaa   u-thiiná-ti   pa-páthraam   xás   kôokinay   vúra   u-'ápiv   akâay   áta   mu-'ífunih  
    you.see   Intensive   so   3s(>3)-have-DUR   the-hair-wrapping   then   everywhere   Intensive   3s(>3)-look.for   who   maybe   3sPOSS-hair  
    So he kept the hair-club, and he looked for her everywhere, (he wondered) whose hair it was.
    Source: Mamie Offield, "The Devil Discovered" (WB_KL-62) | read full text

  29. xás   kári   u-piip   chími   akâay   kích   vúra   káru   kiik-píkaan  
    then   then   3s(>3)-say   soon   who   only   Intensive   also   2pl(>3)-go.get  
    And she said, "Go get somebody else, too!
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Blue Jay as Doctor" (WB_LA78.1-004a) | read full text
    Spoken by Nettie Ruben | Download | Play