Ararahih'urípih
A Dictionary and Text Corpus of the Karuk Language

Karuk Dictionary

by William Bright and Susan Gehr (© Karuk Tribe)

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ishpuk / ishpuka- dentalium shells (used as money); money; gold

Dictionary Entry
lexicon ID #3054 | revised Oct 31 2014

ishpuk / ishpuka- N • dentalium shells (used as money); money; gold

Derivatives (17; show derivatives)

Source: WB 716, p.351; JPH ani 15:765

  • vúra ishpukamúrax. He was covered with money. [Reference: JPH "Grammar" 339]
  • pishîich peeshpúk nipachnúteesh. First I will suck the dentalia. [Reference: KT 135b.30]


Short recording (1) | Sentence examples (24)

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  1. itnoopámahich   ník   kana-'êeh   xás   váa   káru   vúra   pa-'íshpuk   púva-xay   kana-'êeh-ap   káruma   chími-heesh   itha-kûusrah   véenik   mit   pa-ni-ykára-naa-t  
    five.each   a.little   3pl>1s-give   then   so   also   Intensive   the-dentalium.shells   not.yet-not   3pl>1s-give-INV   in.fact   soon-FUT   one-sun   ago   near.past   NOMZ-1s(>3)-beat-PL-PAST  
    They would scarcely give me five dollars apiece for them. And even that money they haven't paid me yet, and it's almost a month since I killed them.
    Source: Benonie Harrie, "Coyote Pups" (DAF_KT-05a) | read full text
  2. yanava   u-spúka-hi-ti   kaan  
    visible   3s(>3)-dentalium.shells-DENOM-DUR   there  
    I found there was gold there.
    Source: Benonie Harrie, "How I Found Gold" (DAF_KT-05b) | read full text
  3. kâan   xas   kêech-as   p-éeshpuk   cháavura   áxxak   ni-mma  
    there   then   big-PL   the-dentalium.shells   finally   two   1s(>3)-see  
    And right there I found two big gold nuggets.
    Source: Benonie Harrie, "How I Found Gold" (DAF_KT-05b) | read full text
  4. xás   úum   vúra   hitíhaan   p-oo--tih   "kahyúras   ni-vâaram-eesh   íshpuk   ni-pachnútar-eesh  
    then   3.SG   Intensive   always   NOMZ-3s(>3)-say-DUR   "Klamath.Lakes   1s(>3)-go-FUT   dentalium.shells   1s(>3)-go.to.suck-FUT  
    Then he (Coyote) said all the time: "I am going to go to the Klamath Lakes to suck out dentalia."
    Source: Phoebe Maddux, "Coyote Starts for Klamath Lakes, East Roasted Grasshoppers, Floats Down River and Marries Two Girls" (JPH_KT-05) | read full text
  5. káruma   íp   íshpuk   u-pachnútan-tih-at  
    in.fact   PAST   dentalium.shells   3s(>3)-go.to.suck-DUR-PAST  
    He was going to suck dentalia, he was on the way.
    Source: Phoebe Maddux, "Coyote Starts for Klamath Lakes, East Roasted Grasshoppers, Floats Down River and Marries Two Girls" (JPH_KT-05) | read full text
  6. naa   íshpuk      ni-pachnutar  
    1sg.   dentalium.shells   PERF   1s(>3)-go.to.suck  
    "I am going to suck dentalia."
    Source: Phoebe Maddux, "Coyote Starts for Klamath Lakes, East Roasted Grasshoppers, Floats Down River and Marries Two Girls" (JPH_KT-05) | read full text
  7. púfaat   naní-shpuk  
    nothing   1sPOSS-dentalium.shells  
    I don't have any money.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions, answers, possessives (VS-29) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  8. kári   xás   u-piip   hôoy   i-máah-ti   p-eeshpuk  
    then   then   3s(>3)-say   where   2s(>3)-see-DUR   the-dentalium.shells  
    And he said, "Where do you find the money?"
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-01) | read full text
  9. vaa   p-eeshpúk   ni-kyâar-eesh   íf      ni-tápkuup  
    so   the-dentalium.shells   1s(>3)-go.gather-FUT   truly   PERF   1s(>3)-like  
    I will go get that money, I have really taken a liking to it."
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-01) | read full text
  10. kári   xás   u-'árihroov   áan   ithá-'iithva   an-tunvêech   vaa   p-oo-vúpar-eesh   p-eeshpuk  
    then   then   3s(>3)-go.upriver   string   one-packload   string-small.(pl.)   so   NOMZ-3s(>3)-string.beads.with-FUT   the-dentalium.shells  
    And he went upriver; the string was in a single pack, the little string, that which he was going to string the money with.
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-01) | read full text
  11. vúra   vaa   t-oo   xus   pu-na-'ísh-eesh-ara   naa   ishpúk   ni-kyâan-tih  
    Intensive   so   PERF-3s(>3)   think   NEG-1s(>3)-drink-FUT-NEG   1sg.   dentalium.shells   1s(>3)-go.gather-DUR  
    He thought like that, "I won't drink, I'm going to get money."
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-01) | read full text
  12. káruma   kahyúras   ishpúk   ni-kyâan-tih  
    in.fact   Klamath.Lakes   dentalium.shells   1s(>3)-go.gather-DUR  
    I'm going to get money at Klamath Lakes."
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-01) | read full text
  13. u-p-ipshinvárihva   p-eeshpúk   káruk   u-kyâan-tih  
    3s(>3)-ITER-forget   NOMZ-dentalium.shells   upriver   3s(>3)-go.gather-DUR  
    He forgot that he was going upriver to get money.
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-01) | read full text
  14. kári   xás   u-xús-aanik   chími   káruk   ishpúk   kan-ikyâan   kahyúras  
    then   then   3s(>3)-think-ANC   soon   upriver   dentalium.shells   1s(>3)-go.gather   Klamath.Lakes  
    And he thought, "Let me go upriver to get money at Klamath Lakes!"
    Source: Chester Pepper, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-03) | read full text
  15. káruk   ishpúk   u-kyâar-anik  
    upriver   dentalium.shells   3s(>3)-go.gather-ANC  
    He went upriver to get money.
    Source: Chester Pepper, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-03) | read full text
  16. pihnêefich   uum   ishpuk-éekyav   t-óo   thvoonha  
    coyote   3.SG   dentalium.shells-making   PERF-3s(>3)   be.eager.(to.do)  
    Coyote wanted to make money.
    Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-04) | read full text
  17. xás   u-píip   kahyúras      ni-vâaram   ishpúk      ni-kyáar  
    then   3s(>3)-say   Klamath.Lakes   PERF   1s(>3)-go   dentalium.shells   PERF   1s(>3)-go.gather  
    And he said, "I'm leaving for Klamath Lakes, I'm going to make money."
    Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-04) | read full text
  18. kahyúras   ni-vâaram-eesh   ishpúk   ni-kyâar-eesh  
    Klamath.Lakes   1s(>3)-go-FUT   dentalium.shells   1s(>3)-go.gather-FUT  
    "I'll leave for Klamath Lakes, I'll go make money."
    Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-04) | read full text
  19. xás   íp   táay   áan   u-sáanvu-tih-at   káruma   vaa   íp   u-vúpar-eesh-at   pa--spuk  
    then   PAST   much   string   3s(>3)-carry.(things)-DUR-PAST   in.fact   that   PAST   3s(>3)-string.beads.with-FUT-PAST   the-3sPOSS-dentalium.shells  
    He was carrying a lot of thread, that's what he was going to string his money with.
    Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-04) | read full text
  20. pihnêefich   u-xus   tîi   kahyúras   kan-vâaram-i   ishpúk   kan-ikyáan  
    coyote   3s(>3)-think   let...   Klamath.Lakes   1s(>3)-go-IMPER   dentalium.shells   1s(>3)-go.gather  
    Coyote thought, "Let me go to Klamath Lakes, let me go get money."
    Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-05) | read full text
  21. kahyúras   ni-vâaramu-tih   ishpúk   ni-kyâan-tih  
    Klamath.Lakes   1s(>3)-go-DUR   dentalium.shells   1s(>3)-go.gather-DUR  
    I'm going to Klamath Lakes, I'm going to get money."
    Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-05) | read full text
  22. kári   xás   u-piip   naa   kahyúras   ni-vâaramu-tih   ishpúk   ni-kyâan-tih  
    then   then   3s(>3)-say   1sg.   Klamath.Lakes   1s(>3)-go-DUR   dentalium.shells   1s(>3)-go.gather-DUR  
    And he said, "I'm going to Klamath Lakes, I'm going to get money.
    Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-05) | read full text
  23. koovúra   pa-niní-shaanva   ishpúk   kam-ikxúrikar-ahi-ti   káru   fúrax  
    all   the-1sPOSS-carry.(things)   dentalium.shells   3s(>3)-decorate.with-ESS-DUR   also   woodpecker.head  
    Let all my clothes be decorated with money and woodpecker heads!"
    Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Goes to a War Dance" (WB_KL-06) | read full text
  24. kári   p-eeshpúk      kin-'éeh  
    then   the-dentalium.shells   PERF   3pl>3pl-give  
    Then (the whites) gave them money (i.e., coins).
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "The White Man's Gifts" (WB_KL-65) | read full text