Ararahih'urípih
A Dictionary and Text Corpus of the Karuk Language

Karuk Dictionary

by William Bright and Susan Gehr (© Karuk Tribe)

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-ap inverse marker used when certain subjects and objects are reversed, in particular when the action is being done to the second person ('you')

Dictionary Entry
lexicon ID #398 | revised Aug 12 2014

-ap SUFF • inverse marker used when certain subjects and objects are reversed, in particular when the action is being done to the second person ('you')


    Sentence examples (23)


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    1. chímiva   púxay   vúra-xay   kanee-kvárish-ap  
      soon   not.yet   Intensive-not   3pl>1s-buy-INV  
      But it turned out that I couldn't.
      Source: Benonie Harrie, "Coyote Pups" (DAF_KT-05a) | read full text
    2. itnoopámahich   ník   kana-'êeh   xás   váa   káru   vúra   pa-'íshpuk   púva-xay   kana-'êeh-ap   káruma   chími-heesh   itha-kûusrah   véenik   mit   pa-ni-ykára-naa-t  
      five.each   a.little   3pl>1s-give   then   so   also   Intensive   the-dentalium.shells   not.yet-not   3pl>1s-give-INV   in.fact   soon-FUT   one-sun   ago   near.past   NOMZ-1s(>3)-beat-PL-PAST  
      They would scarcely give me five dollars apiece for them. And even that money they haven't paid me yet, and it's almost a month since I killed them.
      Source: Benonie Harrie, "Coyote Pups" (DAF_KT-05a) | read full text
    3. púffaat   vúra   îin   áam-tih-ap  
      nothing   Intensive   TOPIC   eat-DUR-INV  
      Nothing eats them.
      Source: Phoebe Maddux, Of All Karuk plants the Black Nightshade is Most Like Tobacco, the Whites Tell Us (JPH_TKIC-III.3) | read full text
    4. vúra   pu-'uhthaamhí-tih-ap  
      Intensive   NEG-plant-DUR-INV  
      They do not sow it.
      Source: Phoebe Maddux, Downslope and Upslope Tobacco (JPH_TKIC-III.4) | read full text
    5. nuu   vúra   pa-kuma-'áraar-as   vúra   pufâat   úhish   ip-sháruk-tih-ap-hanik   xáat   máruk   kun-ifyúku-tih-anik  
      we   Intensive   the-3sPOSS-human-PL   Intensive   nothing   seed   ITER-bring.(things)-DUR-INV-ANC   may   uphill   3pl(>3s)-go.around-DUR-ANC  
      Our kind of people never used to pack seed home, I do not care if they had been going around upslope.
      Source: Phoebe Maddux, They Knew That Seeds Will Grow (JPH_TKIC-IV.3) | read full text
    6. chanáakat   îin   t-ee   pár-ap  
      mosquito   TOPIC   PERF-2s(>3)   bite-INV  
      The mosquito bit you.
      Source: Lucille Albers, Sentences about animals, insects, and going places (LA-04) | read full text
      Spoken by Lucille Albers | Download | Play
    7. koovúra   pa-nani-'ararée-fyiiv-shas   naa   kíi-peen-tih-ap   yôotva   púxich   ta--'aachichha  
      all   the-1sPOSS-human-friend-PL   1sg.   1/3>2pl-say.to-DUR-INV   hurray!   very.much   PERF-1s-be.happy  
      To all my Indian friends, I'm saying, "Thank you, I'm very glad!"
      Source: William Bright, "Speech to Karuk Tribal Council" (WB-01) | read full text
      Spoken by William Bright | Download | Play
    8. xás   ú-peen-ti   îim   ôok   keemisha-'îin   i-'áv-eesh-ap  
      then   3s(>3)-say.to-DUR   outdoors   here   something.dangerous-TOPIC   2s(>3)-eat-FUT-INV  
      And he told (the person sweating), "A monster outside here is going to eat you."
      Source: Chester Pepper, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-03) | read full text
    9. kii-kxúrik-eesh-ap   yâamachich  
      1/3>2pl-mark-FUT-INV   pretty.(dimin.)  
      I'll paint you pretty.
      Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-04) | read full text
    10. pa-mikun-'axvâa   kii-kxúrik-eesh-ap   yâamachich  
      the-2plPOSS-head   1/3>2pl-mark-FUT-INV   pretty.(dimin.)  
      I'll paint your heads pretty."
      Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-04) | read full text
    11. miník   kii-kxúrik-eesh-ap   yâamach   kii-kyâa-vish-ap  
      of.course   1/3>2pl-mark-FUT-INV   pretty   1/3>2pl-make-FUT-INV  
      I'll paint you, I'll make you pretty!"
      Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-05) | read full text
    12. xás   pa-'ávans-as   uumkun   yúruk   ník      kun-ithvirípiithva   xás   pu-vúra   fâat      máh-ap  
      then   the-man-PL   they   downriver   a.little   PERF   3pl(>3s)-run.around.(pl.)   then   NEG-Intensive   what   PERF   see-INV  
      And the men ran around downriver, and they didn't see anything.
      Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Goes to a War Dance" (WB_KL-06) | read full text
    13. xás   pihnêefich   ú-peen-vunaa   p-aaxíich   chími   pa-mikún-'aav   kiik-'âanvath-ap  
      then   coyote   3s(>3)-say.to-PL   the-child   soon   the-2plPOSS-face   1/3>2pl-paint.(someone's).face-INV  
      And Coyote told the children, "Let me paint you on your faces!
      Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Steals Fire" (WB_KL-10) | read full text
    14. yâamach   vúra   kii-kyâa-vish-ap  
      pretty   Intensive   1/3>2pl-make-FUT-INV  
      I'll make you pretty."
      Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Steals Fire" (WB_KL-10) | read full text
    15. hôoy   íf   akáray   îin   xuus   i-'éeth-tih-eesh-ap  
      where   truly   who   TOPIC   thought   2s(>3)-carry-DUR-FUT-INV  
      Nobody will take care of you.
      Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Marries His Own Daughter" (WB_KL-16) | read full text
    16. xáy   iykár-ap  
      let.not   beat-INV  
      Don't let them kill you."
      Source: Daisy Jones, "The Perils of Weasel" (WB_KL-20) | read full text
    17. xáyfaat   kíik-mah-ap  
      don't!   1/3>2pl-see-INV  
      Don't let them see you."
      Source: Julia Starritt, "The Hair in the Soup" (WB_KL-21) | read full text
    18. xás   yaas'ara-'îin   kun-ipêer   iim   kumá'ii   pa-'ára   u-'íin-ahaak   i-'áam-tih-eesh-ap   vaa   kúth   pu-haríxay   xúrihi-tih-eesh  
      then   rich.person-TOPIC   3pl(>3s)-say.to   2sg.   because.of   NOMZ-person   3s(>3)-exist-when   2s(>3)-eat-DUR-FUT-INV   so   because.of   NEG-sometimes   be.hungry-DUR-FUT  
      Then Man told her, "For your sake, when people exist, they will eat you, because of that they will never hunger.
      Source: Lottie Beck, "The Story of Tan Oak Acorn" (WB_KL-30) | read full text
    19. xás   u-piip   pûuhara   vúra   kana-thárih-i   chí   kii-páhariithun-eesh-ap  
      then   3s(>3)-say   no   Intensive   2pl>1s-pass.to-IMPER   soon   1/3>2pl-catch.up.with.(someone)-FUT-INV  
      And he said, "No, pass her to me, they're about to catch up with you."
      Source: Mamie Offield, "How Deer Meat Was Lost and Regained" (WB_KL-33) | read full text
    20. kári   xás   chémi   kiik-piikívmath-ap  
      then   then   all.right   1/3>2pl-put.necklaces.on-INV  
      And (they said), "All right, put necklaces on them!"
      Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Story of Crane" (WB_KL-42) | read full text
    21. xáy   kíik-mah-ap  
      let.not   1/3>2pl-see-INV  
      Let them not see you!
      Source: Mamie Offield, "A Trip to the Land of the Dead" (WB_KL-58) | read full text
    22. xás   u-piip   niní-taat   ôok   i-músaruk-ap-at  
      then   3s(>3)-say   1sPOSS-mother   here   2s(>3)-come.to.see-INV-PAST  
      And she said, "My mother came to visit you here.
      Source: Daisy Jones, "The Snake People" (WB_KL-60) | read full text