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1. mâa   vúrava   sâam   súva   vúrava   pa-pírish   ú-xaak-tih   look!   just   little.downhill   listen!   just   the-plant   3s(>3)-make.noise-DUR

   A little downhill I heard a noise in the brush. Source: Benonie Harrie, "A Hunting Yarn" (DAF_KT-05c) | read full text

2. mâa   vúrava   sáruk   pa-pírish   kich   u-váyvaayhi-tih   look!   just   downhill   the-plant   only   3s(>3)-wave-wave

   Only the brush was moving. Source: Benonie Harrie, "A Hunting Yarn" (DAF_KT-05c) | read full text

3. yánava   sáruk   xás   pírish-ak   u-thantákikva   visible   downhill   then   plant-Locative   3s(>3)-be.stuck

   I found that it had got stuck in the brush down there. Source: Benonie Harrie, "A Hunting Yarn" (DAF_KT-05c) | read full text

4. pa-koovúra   pa-nanu-ppírish   puyíththaxay   vúra   kúnish   vaa   kum-eekyâa-hara   p-eheeraha-'íppa   vúra   chishihpurith-'íppa   kích   vaa   kúnish   kum-éekyav   pa-'apxantîich   îin   tá   kin-ippêer   NOMZ-all   the-1plPOSS-plant   not.a.single.one   Intensive   sort.of   that   3sPOSS-making-NEG   the-tobacco-tree   Intensive   nightshade.sp.-tree   only   that   sort.of   3sPOSS-making   the-white.man   TOPIC   PERF   3>1pl-say.to

   Of All Karuk plants the Black Nightshade is Most Like Tobacco, the Whites Tell Us Source: Phoebe Maddux, Of All Karuk plants the Black Nightshade is Most Like Tobacco, the Whites Tell Us (JPH_TKIC-III.3) | read full text

5. vaa   vúra   púrith   u-mússahi-ti   kúna   vúra   axvíththirar   u-mússahi-ti   pa-chishihpúrith   uxraháthkaay   pa-ppírish   káru   vúra   axvíththirar-kunish   so   Intensive   huckleberry   3s(>3)-look-DUR   in.addition   Intensive   dirty   3s(>3)-look-DUR   the-nightshade.sp.   sour   the-plant   also   Intensive   dirty-like

   They look like huckleberries, but the dog huckleberries are dirty looking, they are sour, the leaves also are dirty looking. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Of All Karuk plants the Black Nightshade is Most Like Tobacco, the Whites Tell Us (JPH_TKIC-III.3) | read full text

6. tírih-sha   pa-mu-pírish   ikpíhan   imxathakkêem   wide-PL   the-3sPOSS-plant   strong   bad-smelling

   It has widish leaves, it is strong, it stinks. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Downslope and Upslope Tobacco (JPH_TKIC-III.4) | read full text

7. íp   ni-máh-at   pa-mi-heeraha-ppírish   PAST   1s(>3)-see-PAST   the-2sPOSS-tobacco-plant

   I saw your good for nothing tobacco weeds. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Morphology of the Tobacco Plant: The Plant (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A) | read full text

8. yáan   vúr   u-'íkkyusunu-tih-ach   p-eheeraha-ppírish   recently   Intensive   3s(>3)-point.(in.direction)-DUR-DIM.(verbs)   the-tobacco-plant

   The tobacco is just starting to come up. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Morphology of the Tobacco Plant: The Plant (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A) | read full text

9. pirísh-'anammahach   plant-little

   little leaf Source: Phoebe Maddux, Morphology of the Tobacco Plant: The Plant (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A) | read full text

10. pinish-tunvêechchas   plant-small.(pl.)

    little leaves Source: Phoebe Maddux, Morphology of the Tobacco Plant: The Plant (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A) | read full text

11. pa-mu-ppírish   the-3sPOSS-plant

    its foliage Source: Phoebe Maddux, Morphology of the Tobacco Plant: The Plant (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A) | read full text

12. pírish   plant

    leaf; plant Source: Phoebe Maddux, Leaf (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A.h) | read full text

13. iheeraha-pírish   tobacco-plant

    tobacco leaves Source: Phoebe Maddux, Leaf (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A.h) | read full text

14. pírish-ha   plant-DENOM

    to put forth leaves Source: Phoebe Maddux, Leaf (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A.h) | read full text

15. pirish-áptiik   plant-branch

    branch, limb, or twig of a piece of foliage (e.g. from a tree) Source: Phoebe Maddux, Leaf (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A.h) | read full text

16. san-pírish   mú-psiih   leaf-plant   3sPOSS-leg

    maple leaf stem Source: Phoebe Maddux, Leaf (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A.h) | read full text

17. afiv-'ávahkam   a'-vánihich   vaa   p-oo-pírish-hi-ti   pa-mu-'iheerahá-saan   áfiv   uum   vúra   pirísh-iipux   bottom-over   high-DIM   that   NOMZ-3s(>3)-plant-DENOM-DUR   the-3sPOSS-tobacco-leaf   bottom   3.SG   Intensive   plant-without

    Somewhat up the stem the leaves commence; the base is without leaves. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Leaf (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A.h) | read full text

18. vâaram-sa   ipaníchih-sha   p-eheeraha-pírish   long-PL   -PL   the-tobacco-plant

    The tobacco leaves are long, pointed. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Leaf (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A.h) | read full text

19. pirish-yâamach-as   xútnahich-as   tinihyâach-as   ipaníchih-sha   tíim-xuuskunish-as   plant-pretty-PL   thin-PL   quite.wide-PL   -PL   edge-smooth-PL

    They are nice leaves, thin [sheetlike], not very wide, sharp pointed, smooth-edged. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Leaf (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A.h) | read full text

20. áan-kunish   sú'   u-sasípiithva   áachip   áan-kunish   u-'ishipváraa-hi-ti   koovúra   v-oo-kupí-ti   pa-mu-pírish   áachip   áan-kunish   u-'ishipváraa-hi-tih   string-like   inside   3s(>3)-spiral.around   middle   string-like   3s(>3)-run.in.through.(pl.)-ESS-DUR   all   so-3s(>3)-do-DUR   the-3sPOSS-plant   middle   string-like   3s(>3)-run.in.through.(pl.)-ESS-DUR

    They have little threads in them, with a filament running down the middle; they are all that way, with a filament running down that way. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Leaf (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A.h) | read full text

21. pa-mu-pírish   vúra   p-u-'ivrárasuru-tih-ara   sákriiv-sha   pa-mú-psii   ípam   kunish   pa-mu-pirish-'ápsii   xákaan   u-'if-shúr-oo-tih-irak   sákriiv-sha   the-3sPOSS-plant   Intensive   NEG-3s(>3)-fall.off.(pl.)-DUR-NEG   hard-PL   the-3sPOSS-leg   sinew   sort.of   the-3sPOSS-plant-leg   both   3s(>3)-grow-off-PL.ACT-DUR-where   hard-PL

    The leaves do not fall off, they are tough leaf-stemmed, thier leaves are like sinew, where the leaves grow off [from the stem] is tough. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Leaf (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A.h) | read full text

22. vaa   vúra   ník   kun-'áapunmu-tih-anik   káru   vaa   uum   yáv   pa-pírish   ávahkam   kun-ithyúru-thuna-tih-aak   pa-tá   kun-p-úhthaam-pi-mara-haak   so   Intensive   a.little   3pl(>3s)-know-DUR-ANC   also   so   3.SG   good   the-plant   over   3pl(>3s)-drag-around-DUR-when   NOMZ-PERF   3pl(>3s)-ITER-garden--finish.doing-when

    They also knew that it was good to drag a bush around on the top after sowing. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Practices Bordering on a Knowledge of Tillage (JPH_TKIC-IV.5) | read full text

23. vaa   vúra   ník   káru   kun-áapunmu-tih-anik   vaa   uum   yáv   pa-pírish   kun-vítrip-tih-aak   so   Intensive   a.little   also   3pl(>3s)-know-DUR-ANC   so   3.SG   good   the-plant   3pl(>3s)-pull.up.(weeds)-DUR-when

    And they also knew that it was good to pull out weeds. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Practices Bordering on a Knowledge of Tillage (JPH_TKIC-IV.5) | read full text

24. pa-músmus   uum   pírish   u-'áam-tih   the-cow   3.SG   plant   3s(>3)-eat-DUR

    The cow eats grass. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about animals, questions (VS-14) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

25. xás   mu-pírish   ú-kyav   pa-sáhyuux   then   3sPOSS-plant   3s(>3)-make   the-sand

    And he made his 'medicine,' it was (composed of) sand. Source: Chester Pepper, "Love Medicine" (WB_KL-51) | read full text

26. xás   pa-mu-pírish   u-mûutish   sáhyuux   then   the-3sPOSS-plant   3s(>3)-put.down   sand

    Then he put his medicine down, the sand. Source: Chester Pepper, "Love Medicine" (WB_KL-51) | read full text

27. kári   xás   u-xús-aanik   kahyuras'afishríhan   yaas'ára   nani-pírish   t-u-'aapúnm-ahaak   yaas'ára   káru   vúra   vaa   u-kuph-eesh   then   then   3s(>3)-think-ANC   Klamath.Lakes.Young.Man   rich.person   1sPOSS-plant   PERF-3s(>3)-know-when   rich.person   also   Intensive   so   3s(>3)-do-FUT

    And Klamath Lakes Young Man thought, "If Mankind knows my medicine, Mankind will do this way also." Source: Chester Pepper, "Love Medicine" (WB_KL-51) | read full text

28. ta'ítam   pírish   ú-kyav   so   plant   3s(>3)-make

    And he made medicine. Source: Chester Pepper, "Deer-hunting Medicine" (WB_KL-53) | read full text

29. kári   xás   koovúra   pa-pinish-tunvêech-as   káru   koovúra   pa-'ípaha   kun-ihyûunish-tih   kunâach'aa   puxîich-i   then   then   all   the-plant-small.(pl.)-PL   also   all   the-tree   3pl(>3s)-shout.to-DUR   bird.sp.   very.much-IMPER

    And all the little plants and all the trees shouted to him, "Go to it, kunâach'aa!" Source: Mamie Offield, "Wrestling Medicine" (WB_KL-55) | read full text

30. kári   xás   hâari   vúra   pirísh-riik   pa-tá   kun-'áhoo   pa-mukun-yáfus   t-u-tatitítit   then   then   sometime   Intensive   plant-place   NOMZ-PERF   3pl(>3s)-go   the-3plPOSS-dress   PERF-3s(>3)-be.tattered

    And sometimes it was a brushy place where they traveled, their dresses got torn. Source: Mamie Offield, "A Trip to the Land of the Dead" (WB_KL-58) | read full text

31. pa-'aneekyávaan   uum   pírish   pa-'óo-hruuv-tih   káru   hâari   pirish-'éepuum   the-doctor   3.SG   plant   NOMZ-3s(>3)-use-DUR   also   sometime   plant-root

    The sweating doctor used plants and sometimes plant roots. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Sweating Doctor" (WB_KL-81) | read full text

32. púyava   xás   u-'uhyanakôo-ti   pa-pírish   you.see   then   3s(>3)-pray.over-DUR   the-plant

    And he talked to the plants. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Sweating Doctor" (WB_KL-81) | read full text

33. púyava   páy   uum   pa-pirish-'ánav   kun-kupee-kyâa-hi-tih   you.see   this   3.SG   the-plant-medicine   3pl(>3s)-MODAL-make-Modal-DUR

    That’s how they made plant medicine. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Sweating Doctor" (WB_KL-81) | read full text

34. xás   koovúra   kuma-pírish   ú-thvuuy-va   then   all   3sPOSS-plant   3s(>3)-be.named-PL.ACT

    And she named all kinds of plants. Source: Emily Donahue, "Professor Gifford's Visit" (WB_KL-88) | read full text

35. pínish-tunvêech   kun-'ápim-tih   plant-small.(pl.)   3pl(>3s)-look.for-DUR

    They were looking for plants. Source: Emily Donahue, "Professor Gifford's Visit" (WB_KL-88) | read full text

36. xás   musmus-'asiktâan   káan   u-hyárih   pírish   u-'áam-tih   then   cow-woman   there   3s(>3)-stand   plant   3s(>3)-eat-DUR

    A cow is standing there, she is eating grass. Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full text

37. káru   pirish-xárah-sa   u-vêehrim-va   mu-pîimach   also   plant-long-PL   3s(>3)-stand.(things)-PL.ACT   3sPOSS-next.to

    And tall grass is standing next to him. Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full text