Ararahih'urípih
A Dictionary and Text Corpus of the Karuk Language

Margaret Harrie: "The Ten Young Men who Became the Pleiades" (1927)

Primary participants: Margaret Harrie (speaker), Jaime de Angulo (researcher), L.S. Freeland (researcher)
Date: 1927
Location: Northern California
Project identifier: DAF_KT-02
Publication details: Jaime de Angulo and L.S. Freeland,International Journal of American Linguistics 6 (1931), pp. 206-211
PDF of published text: http://linguistics.berkeley.edu/~karuk/text-pdfs/DAF_KT-02.pdf
Additional contributors: Line Mikkelsen (annotator), Ebony Milbury (annotator), Michelle Park (annotator), William Ton (annotator), Yichuan Yang (annotator)

Note: This text has been retranscribed in current spelling and some translations have been modified to better reflect Karuk sentence structure.


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[1] uknîi    kaan    kun-'áraarahi-ti    itráhyar    mu-'túnviiv    avansa-múrax   
once.upon.a.time    there    3pl(>3s)-live.(pl.)-DUR    ten    3sPOSS-children    man-nothing.but   
Uknii. They lived there. His ten children were just boys.
(de Angulo and Freeland translates this sentence "Ukniii ... There lived some people who had ten children, all of them boys." It has been changed here to better reflect the Karuk sentence structure.)

[2] mah'íitnihach        kun-'ivyíihrupuk        kun-'ákunvan-va   
early.morning    PERF    3pl(>3s)-go.outdoors.(pl.)    PERF    3pl(>3s)-go.hunting-PL.ACT   
Early in the morning they go out hunting.

[3] ikxúrar        kun-pavyíhuk    koovúra    ichámahich    pa-mukun-púufich   
evening    PERF    3pl(>3s)-come.back.(pl.)    all    one.by.one    the-3plPOSS-deer   
In the evening they all return one by one with their deer.
(de Angulo and Freeland translates this sentence "In the evening they return, each one with their deer." It has been changed here to better reflect the Karuk sentence structure.)


[4] xas    mu-yiimúsich    káru    ník    u-'áraarahi-ti    áxak    yeeripáxvuh-sa    kaan    kun-'iin   
then    3sPOSS-little.ways.off    also    a.little    3s(>3)-live.(pl.)-DUR    two    adolescent.girl-PL    there    3pl(>3s)-(two).be   
And (others) lived close by. Two girls lived there.
(de Angulo and Freeland translates this sentence "And close by there were some other people living, who had two daughers." It has been changed here to better reflect the Karuk sentence structure.)


[5] xas    pa-'ávansa    mukun-'ikrívraam    váshihkam    u-súruruprin-ahi-ti    vaa    kaan    kun-thanfúrukvu-ti    pa-púufich   
then    the-man    3plPOSS-house    behind    3s(>3)-have.holes-ESS-DUR    that    there    3pl(>3s)-move.(things).into.house-DUR    the-deer   
Now there was a hole in the back of the boys' house, they dragged the deer in there.
(de Angulo and Freeland translates this sentence "Now, those boys, they always dragged in their deer through a hole in the back of their house. " It has been changed here to better reflect the Karuk sentence structure.)

[6] úum    pa-pihnîichich    vúra    kich    itíhaan    iinâak    ú-krii    áah    u-kyâa-tih   
3.SG    the-old.man    Intensive    only    always    indoors    3s(>3)-live    fire    3s(>3)-make-DUR   
Their old man always sat inside, tending the fire.

[7] káru    u-mnîish-ti    pa-kun-'áv-eesh    pa-kun-pavyíihuk-ahaak   
also    3s(>3)-cook-DUR    NOMZ-3pl(>3s)-eat-FUT    NOMZ-3pl(>3s)-come.back.(pl.)-when   
Also he was doing the cooking so they should find their meal ready when they came home.


[8] kári    xas    pa-yeeripáxvuh-sa    kin-'ipêer   
then    then    the-adolescent.girl-PL    3pl>3pl-say.to   
Well, then, people told the girls,

[9] chi    váa    kúuk    kiik-'uum-i    kíri    váa    káan    ku-'iin    kíri    vaa    mikun-'ávan    íf    pufich'iykáraan-sas   
soon    that    to.there    2pl(>3)-arrive-IMPER    I.wish    that    there    2pl(>3)-(two).be    I.wish    that    2plPOSS-husband    truly    deer-slayer-PL   
"Go over there to live! That's where we want you to live! You had better marry those boys, they are such good hunters!"

[10] xas    kun-'iyâaram    kaan    kun-'uum   
then    3pl(>3s)-(two.people).go    there    3pl(>3s)-arrive   
So they went and they got there.


[11] pa-pihnîich    pácheech    ú-krii   
the-old.man    all.alone    3s(>3)-live   
The old man was sitting alone.

[12] xas        ikxúrar    axmay    mâaka    ú-xak   
then    PERF    evening    suddenly    in.other.room    3s(>3)-make.noise   
And when evening came suddenly there was a noise at the back of the house.

[13] káruma        íp    kun-pikyaar-at    pa-xuun   
in.fact    PERF    PAST    3pl(>3s)-finish-PAST    the-acorn.soup   
Already they had cooked the acorn mush.

[14] itráhyar    pa-'asíp-iit-sa    káru    vaa    kóohoo    imvarám-piit-sa    káru    itráhyar    síkih   
ten    the-bowl-new-PL    little.ways.off    that    as.much.as    plate-new-PL    also    ten    spoon   
There were ten new bowls, and also ten new plates, and also ten spoons.

[15] koovúra    pa-xuun    ávahkam    pa-'imváram    mûuk        kun-p-ithxup-va   
all    the-acorn.soup    over    the-plate    with.(by.means.of)    PERF    3pl(>3s)-ITER-cover-ESS   
And each bowl was covered with its plate.


[16] xas    pa-púufich        kun-thathyúrufuruk-va    ma'    kûukam   
then    the-deer    PERF    3pl(>3s)-drag.indoors.(pl.)-PL.ACT    uphill    in.that.direction   
Then they dragged in the deer through the hole in the wall at the back of the house.

[17] xas    u-píip    chími    kiik-'íchunv-i    sípnuukan    kiik-'iru-váramnih-i   
then    3s(>3)-say    soon    2pl(>3)-hide.oneself-IMPER    storage.basket.in    2pl(>3)-PL-go.in-IMPER   
But (the old man) had said, "You had better hide! Get into the storage basket, quick!"

[18] xas    yítha    u-píip    "fâat    kumá'ii    pa-nu-'íchunv-eesh   
then    one    3s(>3)-say    "what    because.of    NOMZ-1pl(>3)-hide.oneself-FUT   
And one of the girls asked, "What for do we have to hide?"

[19] xas    yítha    u-píip    "xâatik    nu-'íchunva   
then    one    3s(>3)-say    "it's.better    1pl(>3)-hide.oneself   
But the other said, "Yes, we had better hide!"


[20] xas    kun-pavyíihfuruk    xas    kun-'ipêer    "chu    pihnîich    pay    mi-váfish   
then    3pl(>3s)-go.back.indoors.(pl.)    then    3pl(>3s)-say.to    "here!    old.man    this    2sPOSS-liver   
And then (the ten young men) came in, and they said, "Here, old man, here is your liver!"

[21] xas    u-píip    "pûuhara    ávansa    kípa    ûum    vúup    u-cháfich-tih   
then    3s(>3)-say    "no    man    like    barely    neck    3s(>3)-gnaw.meat-DUR   
But he answered, "No indeed! Men always chew the neck!"

[22] xas    u-pakúriihva    "súnunuk    á-ni-nak    ki-yánee    náa    pu-váfish    na-vishtan-tih-ara   
then    3s(>3)-sing.songs    "secretly    á-ni-nak    ki-yánee    1sg.    NEG-liver    1s(>3)-like.(food)-DUR-NEG   
And he started singing, "In secret...Tra-la-la...I don't like liver.

[23] vúup    kich    kípa    ni-cháfich-tih   
neck    only    like    1s(>3)-gnaw.meat-DUR   
The neck is what I want to chew!"


[24] xas    u-píip    "pihnîich    tharampuka-yaa-'íshara    i-kyâa-heen   
then    3s(>3)-say    "old.man    acorn.soup-good-extremely    2s(>3)-make-ANT   
(One of the boys) said, "Old man, that's awfully good mush you fixed today!"

[25] xas    u-píip    "páy    xas    íp    na-pakyâa-t   
then    3s(>3)-say    "this    then    PAST    1s-succeed-PAST   
And he answered, "Oh! I just had luck with it, that's all!"

[26] xas    yítha    pa-mu-xuun-ak    ífuni    u-mah   
then    one    do-3sPOSS-acorn.soup-Locative    hair    3s(>3)-see   
Then one of the boys found a hair in his mush.

[27] xas    u-píip    "pihnîich    ifuniha-xarah-'íshara    pa-mi-'ífunih   
then    3s(>3)-say    "old.man    hair-long-extremely    the-2sPOSS-hair   
And he said, "Old man! What long hair you have!"

[28] xas    u-píip    "vup-'áfiv    tákurukriv-an    hitíhaan    íp    na-páknitsurun-at   
then    3s(>3)-say    "neck-bottom    be.in.coil-Participial    always    PAST    2s/3s>1s-pluck.off-PAST   
And the old man answered, "I pulled if off out of the back of my neck where the hair is so curly, you know."

[29] káruma    vúra    nik    pu-fuhíish-tih-ap   
in.fact    Intensive    a.little    NEG-believe-DUR-NEG   
But they didn't believe a word of it.

[30] xas    pa-kun-pámvaar    kun-'ivyíihrupuk   
then    NOMZ-3pl(>3s)-finish.eating    3pl(>3s)-go.outdoors.(pl.)   
And when they got through eating they went out.

[31] ikmaháchrahaam    kúuk    kun-pavyíihma   
sweathouse    to    3pl(>3s)-go.back.to.(pl.)   
They went out to the sweathouse.

[32] xas    kun-'ikviit-hi-naa-ha   
then    3pl(>3s)-sleep-PL-DENOM   
Then they went to sleep.


[33] xas    pa-pihníich    u-píip    "chími    kiik-p-iru-vôonishuk-i   
then    the-old.man    3s(>3)-say    "soon    2pl(>3)-ITER-PL-crawl.out-IMPER   
Then the old man said to the girls, "Come out now!"

[34] xas    kun-p-iru-vôonishuk   
then    3pl(>3s)-ITER-PL-crawl.out   
And they came out.

[35] xas    yítha    u-píip    "hûut    kumá'ii    pa-    kin-'íchunva   
then    one    3s(>3)-say    "how    because.of    NOMZ-PERF    2>1pl-hide.oneself   
Then one of them said, "What for did you hide us?

[36] xáyfaat    ik    kúkuum    nu-'íchunva   
don't!    must    again    1pl(>3)-hide.oneself   
We won't hide again!"

[37] aayâach    pa-pihníich    t-óo    píip    "kúkuum    mah'íitnihach    ku-'íchunv-eesh    pa-chími    kun-pávyiihfuruk-heesh-haak   
it.was.because    the-old.man    PERF-3s(>3)    say    "again    early.morning    2pl(>3)-hide.oneself-FUT    NOMZ-soon    3pl(>3s)-go.back.indoors.(pl.)-FUT-when   
Because the old man had said, "You must hide again tomorrow morning before they come into the house."

[38] xas    mah'íitnihach    kun-'iruvôonsip    xas    kun-'ímnish    xuun   
then    early.morning    3pl(>3s)-get.up    then    3pl(>3s)-cook    acorn.soup   
Early the next morning, they got up and cooked the acorn mush.

[39]     kun-tharámpuk   
PERF    3pl(>3s)-cook.acorn.soup   
They cooked the acorn mush.


[40] xas    kun-pávyiihfuruk    koovúra        kári    pa-kun-'áv-eesh   
then    3pl(>3s)-go.back.indoors.(pl.)    all    PERF    then    NOMZ-3pl(>3s)-eat-FUT   
Then all (the boys) came into the house all ready to eat.

[41] xas    kun-'ipêer    "pa-pihníich    íp    nik    nu-xus-at    tharampuka-yaa-'íshara   
then    3pl(>3s)-say.to    "the-old.man    PAST    a.little    1pl(>3)-think-PAST    acorn.soup-good-extremely   
Then one of them said, "Old man, we have been thinking about what a good cook you are!"
(de Angulo and Freeland translates "nuxusat" as "we have been talking". It has been changed "we've been thinking" here to better reflect the Karuk word choice.)

[42] púxay    vúra    chuuphí-tih-ara   
not.yet    Intensive    speak-DUR-NEG   
But he never answered anything.

[43] xas    pa-kun-pámvaar    kun-'ákunvan-va   
then    NOMZ-3pl(>3s)-finish.eating    3pl(>3s)-go.hunting-PL.ACT   
And when they got through eating they went out to hunt.

[44] xas    pa-'asiktávaan-sa    káru    áhup        kun-túrar   
then    the-woman-PL    also    wood    PERF    3pl(>3s)-go.gather.wood   
Then the women went out to fetch firewood.

[45] kusripán-'ahup    kun-túrish   
madrone.tree-wood    3pl(>3s)-finish.gathering.wood   
They brought in madrone wood.

[46] kári    xás    kúkuum        ikxúrar    kun-'imnísh-aheen   
then    then    again    PERF    evening    3pl(>3s)-cook-ANT   
And then again in the afternoon they cooked.


[47] káru    kun-tharámpuk   
also    3pl(>3s)-cook.acorn.soup   
They cooked.

[48] axmay    ma'kúkam    ú-xak   
suddenly    just.uphill    3s(>3)-make.noise   
Suddenly there was a noise at the back of the house.

[49] xas    vaa    káan    kun-thathyúrufuruk-va    pa-mukun-púufich    itráhyar    xas    kun-'av   
then    that    there    3pl(>3s)-drag.indoors.(pl.)-PL.ACT    the-3plPOSS-deer    ten    then    3pl(>3s)-eat   
They dragged in their deer into the house and then the ten young men ate.
(de Angulo and Freeland translates this sentence "They dragged in their deer into the house and they ate." It has been changed here to better reflect the Karuk sentence structure.)

[50] kun-pámvaar    kun-'ivyíihrupuk    ikmaháchraam        kun-'ásivan-va   
3pl(>3s)-finish.eating    3pl(>3s)-go.outdoors.(pl.)    sweathouse    PERF    3pl(>3s)-go.(somewhere).to.sleep-PL.ACT   
When they got through eating, they went outdoors, they went to their sweathouse to sleep.
(de Angulo and Freeland translates this sentence "When they got through eating, they went out to their sweathouse to sleep." It has been changed here to better reflect the Karuk sentence structure.)

[51] kúkuum    mah'íitnihach        kun-'ákunvan-va    pa-    kun-pámvaar   
again    early.morning    PERF    3pl(>3s)-go.hunting-PL.ACT    NOMZ-PERF    3pl(>3s)-finish.eating   
And again in the early morning they went forth to hunt when they got through eating.


[52] xas    yítha    u-píip    "náama        ni-yêeripha    chími    piyâaram-i   
then    one    3s(>3)-say    "as.for.me    PERF    1s(>3)-go.through.puberty    soon    go.back.(two.people)-IMPER   
Then one day, one of the girls said, "Listen, I am going through puberty, let's go home!"
(de Angulo and Freeland translates "tá niyêeripha" as "I am menstruating". It has been changed here to better reflect the meaning of the Karuk phrase.)

[53] xas    yítha    u-píip    "pûuhara    yaayâach    pa-pihníich    -peen        nu-piyâaram   
then    one    3s(>3)-say    "no    better    the-old.man    1pl(>3)-say.to    PERF    1pl(>3)-go.back.(two.people)   
But the other said, "No, it is better to tell the old man before we go."

[54] xas    kun-'ipêer    "    nu-piyâaram   
then    3pl(>3s)-say.to    "PERF    1pl(>3)-go.back.(two.people)   
So they went and said to him, "We are going home."

[55] xas    u-píip    "xáyfaat    ôok    vúra    kíik-'iin-i   
then    3s(>3)-say    "don't!    here    Intensive    2pl(>3)-(two).be-IMPER   
But he said, "Don't do that! Stay right here!"

[56] xas    kun-píip    "chémi   
then    3pl(>3s)-say    "all.right   
So they said, "All right!"


[57] xas    ikxúrar    kun-pavyíhuk    pa-'avansa   
then    evening    3pl(>3s)-come.back.(pl.)    the-man   
Then in the evening the boys came home.

[58] xas    pa-pihnîich    u-píip    "chími    nu-'íhukvunaa   
then    the-old.man    3s(>3)-say    "soon    1pl(>3)-have.flower.dance   
Then the old man said, "Let's have a puberty dance!

[59] káruma    t-u-yêeripha    pa-yêeripaxvuh   
in.fact    PERF-3s(>3)-go.through.puberty    the-adolescent.girl   
Now that girl is going through puberty."
(de Angulo and Freeland translation is "Now that girl is menstruating". It has been changed here to better reflect the meaning of the Karuk.)

[60] xas    kun-píip    "hôoy    if   
then    3pl(>3s)-say    "where    truly   
And they said, "Nonsense!"

[61] xas    u-píip    "vúra    nu-'íhukvunaa-vish   
then    3s(>3)-say    "Intensive    1pl(>3)-have.flower.dance-FUT   
Then he said, "Indeed! We will have to dance!"

[62] xas    kun-píip    "nuu    nu-sêey-ti    -vaa    kooka-pákurih   
then    3pl(>3s)-say    "we    1pl(>3)-not.know-DUR    NOMZ-so    kind-song   
Then they said, "We don't know that kind of song!"
(de Angulo and Freeland translation is "Then they said, `But we don't know how to sing!' ". It has been changed here to better reflect the Karuk original.)

[63] xas    u-píip    "minik    naa    ni-'ítap-tih   
then    3s(>3)-say    "of.course    1sg.    1s(>3)-know-DUR   
And he said, "I know it!"
(de Angulo and Freeland translation is "And he said, `I know how!' " It has been changed here to better reflect the Karuk original.)

[64] xas    kun-píip    "chími    man   
then    3pl(>3s)-say    "soon    why...   
Then they said, "All right!"


[65] xas    îikam    kích    vúra    pa-kun-tátuyshur   
then    outdoors    only    Intensive    NOMZ-3pl(>3s)-sweep.off   
Then they swept the outside platform nicely.

[66] xas    áh-kaam    kun-'íkyav   
then    fire-large    3pl(>3s)-make   
And they built a big fire.

[67] xas    kun-'íkyâasip    pa-'íhukvunaa   
then    3pl(>3s)-begin    the-flower-dance   
Then they started to dance.

[68] xas    pa-pihnîich    u-píip    "naa    ník    pa-ni-pakurîihv-eesh   
then    the-old.man    3s(>3)-say    "1sg.    a.little    NOMZ-1s(>3)-sing.songs-FUT   
Then the old man said, "I will sing the song."

[69] xas    u-pákurih    "yíiv    vúra    nu-thyuruv-eesh   
then    3s(>3)-sing    "far    Intensive    1pl(>3)-drag.to-FUT   
And he sang, "We will drag her a long ways."


[70] chavúra    páy    nanu-'ávahkam    kun-'ithyúruva   
finally    this    1plPOSS-over    3pl(>3s)-drag.to   
Indeed they dragged her up into the sky.

[71] xas    páy    nanu-'ávahkam    áachip-ak        kun-'ithyuruva   
then    this    1plPOSS-over    middle-Locative    PERF    3pl(>3s)-drag.to   
And right up into the middle of the sky they dragged him along, too.


[72] ník    u--ti    pa-pihnîich   
a.little    3s(>3)-say-DUR    the-old.man   
And the old man was saying,

[73]     ni-myáhumar    chími    âapun   
PERF    1s(>3)-be.exhausted    soon    on.the.ground   
"I am tired, let me down!"


[74] púxay    fuhísh-tih-ap   
not.yet    believe-DUR-NEG   
But they didn't mind him.

[75] aayâach    kun-'ixviphûunish-ti    íp    pa'-ú-thvoonhi-tih-at    va-'íhuk        kun-'ithyúruvarak    pa--traax    kich    kun-'áaphu-tih   
it.was.because    3pl(>3s)-get.angry.at-DUR    PAST    NOMZ-3s(>3)-be.eager.(to.do)-DUR-PAST    3sPOSS-do.flower.dance    PERF    3pl(>3s)-drag.down.from.upriver    the-3sPOSS-arm    only    3pl(>3s)-carry.(two.objects)-DUR   
That was because they were mad at him because he had wanted to dance. They they dragged him down, they were just carrying him (by) the arms".
(de Angulo and Freeland translation of the last part of the sentence is "They held him up under his armpits." It has been changed here to better reflect the structure of the Karuk sentence.)

[76] xas    pa-pihnîich    xas    u-píip   
then    the-old.man    then    3s(>3)-say   
And the old man kept saying,

[77]     ni-myáhumar    chími    âapun   
PERF    1s(>3)-be.exhausted    soon    on.the.ground   
"I am tired, let me down!"


[78] xas    kun-pákurih   
then    3pl(>3s)-sing   
Then they sang,

[79] yíiv    vúra    nu-thyuruv-eesh    chími    âapun        ni-myáhumar    chími    âapun        ni-chnahirúvuukva    chími    âapun        ni-thurirúvuukva    chími    âapun   
far    Intensive    1pl(>3)-drag.to-FUT    soon    on.the.ground    PERF    1s(>3)-be.exhausted    soon    on.the.ground    PERF    1s(>3)-shit.all.over.self    soon    on.the.ground    PERF    1s(>3)-urinate.all.over.self    soon    on.the.ground   
"We will drag you far away. Let me down, I am tired! Let me down, I am defecating all over myself, let me down, please! I am urinating all over myself, let me down!"


[80] xas    pa-pihnîich    xas    u-píip   
then    the-old.man    then    3s(>3)-say   
Then the old man said,

[81] pa-hûutva    kóo    yaas'ára    u-'íin-ahaak    vaa    vúra    kóo    itíhan    kum-éekxaram    nani-túnviiv    vaa    pay'ôok    kun-'írunaa-tih-eesh   
NOMZ-somehow    as.much.as    rich.person    3s(>3)-exist-when    so    Intensive    as.much.as    always    3sPOSS-night    1sPOSS-children    so    right.here    3pl(>3s)-go.(pl.)-DUR-FUT   
As long as people live, every night my children will pass right here.

[82] yaas'ára    îin    kin-máah-tih-eesh   
rich.person    TOPIC    3pl>3pl-see-DUR-FUT   
And the people who live will see them."

[83] xas    úum    asáxvuh    pa-pihnîich   
then    3.SG    turtle    the-old.man   
Then the old man (changed himself into) a turtle.

[84] káru    pa-'axíit-ich-as    uum    ataynamtunvêech    kun-párihish   
also    the-child-DIM-PL    3.SG    Pleiades    3pl(>3s)-be.transformed   
And the children turned into the Pleiades.

[85] kupánakanach   
the.end   
That is all.