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1. kôokaninay   vúr   u-'íif-tih   everywhere   Intensive   3s(>3)-grow-DUR

   They grow all over. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Of All Karuk plants the Black Nightshade is Most Like Tobacco, the Whites Tell Us (JPH_TKIC-III.3) | read full text

2. payêem   vúra   vaa   káan   taay   u-'íif-ti   pa-káan   píins   kun-'úhthaamhi-tih-irak   now   Intensive   so   there   much   3s(>3)-grow-DUR   NOMZ-there   beans   3pl(>3s)-plant-DUR-where

   They grow more now where beans are planted. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Of All Karuk plants the Black Nightshade is Most Like Tobacco, the Whites Tell Us (JPH_TKIC-III.3) | read full text

3. astíip   vúr   u-'íif-ti   yúxnaam   shore   Intensive   3s(>3)-grow-DUR   sand

   It grows by the river in the sand. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Downslope and Upslope Tobacco (JPH_TKIC-III.4) | read full text

4. á'yaach   vúr   u-vêehrím-va   p-oo-'íif-ti   p-eehêeraha   straight.up   Intensive   3s(>3)-stand.(things)-PL.ACT   NOMZ-3s(>3)-grow-DUR   the-tobacco

   The tobacco plant stands straight up as it grows. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Morphology of the Tobacco Plant: The Plant (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A) | read full text

5. á'yaach   vúra   u-vêehrim-va   p-oo-'íif-ti   p-eheeraha-'íppa   straight.up   Intensive   3s(>3)-stand.(things)-PL.ACT   NOMZ-3s(>3)-grow-DUR   the-tobacco-tree

   The tobacco plant stands straight up as it grows. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Morphology of the Tobacco Plant: The Plant (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A) | read full text

6. káakum   vúra   a'vári   p-oo-'íif-ti   káru   káakum   vúra   âapunich   some   Intensive   high   NOMZ-3s(>3)-grow-DUR   also   some   Intensive   low

   Some [tobacco plants] grow low, some high. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Morphology of the Tobacco Plant: The Plant (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A) | read full text

7. vaa   vúra   a'vari-ttâapas   u-'íif-ti   pa-'avansa-'ávahkamvari   t-u-'íff-ahaak   so   Intensive   high-most   3s(>3)-grow-DUR   the-man-towards.the.top   PERF-3s(>3)-grow-when

   The highest that they grow is higher than man. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Morphology of the Tobacco Plant: The Plant (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A) | read full text

8. vaa   vúr   u-p-if-yîi-mmu-ti   pa-'avansa-'ávahkamvari   t-u-'íff-ahaak   so   Intensive   3s(>3)-ITER-grow-far-to-DUR   the-man-towards.the.top   PERF-3s(>3)-grow-when

   The highest it ever grows is higher than man. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Morphology of the Tobacco Plant: The Plant (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A) | read full text

9. pa-yáan   vúr   u-'íif-ti-haak   puxxích   thúkkinkunish   p-eheeraha-'íppa   pa-chím   u-imtúpp-eesh-ahaak   vaa   kári   taváttavkunish   NOMZ-recently   Intensive   3s(>3)-grow-DUR-when   very.much   blue-green   the-tobacco-tree   NOMZ-soon   3s(>3)-be.ripe-FUT-when   so   then   light-colored

   When it is just growing, the tobacco plant is real green, when it is already going to get ripe, it is then light-colored. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Sense Characteristics (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A.a) | read full text

10. p-eehêeraha   u-'íif-tih-irak   the-tobacco   3s(>3)-grow-DUR-where

    place where tobacco grows Source: Phoebe Maddux, Parts of the Tobacco Plant (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A.b-g) | read full text

11. pa-mu-pírish   vúra   p-u-'ivrárasuru-tih-ara   sákriiv-sha   pa-mú-psii   ípam   kunish   pa-mu-pirish-'ápsii   xákaan   u-'if-shúr-oo-tih-irak   sákriiv-sha   the-3sPOSS-plant   Intensive   NEG-3s(>3)-fall.off.(pl.)-DUR-NEG   hard-PL   the-3sPOSS-leg   sinew   sort.of   the-3sPOSS-plant-leg   both   3s(>3)-grow-off-PL.ACT-DUR-where   hard-PL

    The leaves do not fall off, they are tough leaf-stemmed, thier leaves are like sinew, where the leaves grow off [from the stem] is tough. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Leaf (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A.h) | read full text

12. vúra   ník   mít   vaa   kun-'aapúnmu-tih-at   pa-'úhish   u-'íf-eesh   Intensive   a.little   near.past   so   3pl(>3s)-know-DUR-PAST   NOMZ-pipe.(dimin.)   3s(>3)-grow-FUT

    They Knew That Seeds Will Grow Source: Phoebe Maddux, They Knew That Seeds Will Grow (JPH_TKIC-IV.3) | read full text

13. kúna   vúra   vaa   kun-'aapúnmu-tih-anik   pa-'áraar   hôoy   vúrava   pa-'úhish   p-oo-kyívishrih-aak   vaa   vúra   íkiich   u-'íf-eesh   kun-'aapúnmu-tih-anik   vúra   vaa   in.addition   Intensive   so   3pl(>3s)-know-DUR-ANC   the-human   where   just   the-seed   NOMZ-3s(>3)-grow-FUT   so   Intensive   maybe   3s(>3)-grow-FUT   3pl(>3s)-know-DUR-ANC   Intensive   that

    But the people knew, that if a seed drops any place, it will maybe grow up; they knew that way. Source: Phoebe Maddux, They Knew That Seeds Will Grow (JPH_TKIC-IV.3) | read full text

14. kúna   vúra   mít   pu-hári   úhish   ipshâanmu-tih-ap-hat   pa-'úhish   u-'íf-eesh   in.addition   Intensive   near.past   NEG-sometime   seed   take.back.(things)-DUR-NEG-PAST   NOMZ-pipe.(dimin.)   3s(>3)-grow-FUT

    But They Never Packed Seeds Home Source: Phoebe Maddux, But They Never Packed Seeds Home (JPH_TKIC-IV.4) | read full text

15. kúna   vaa   vúra   ník   kun-'áapunmu-tih-anik   pa-mukun-vôoh   muuk   vaa   káan   taay   u-'íif-ti   pa-káan   hitíhaan   kun-'ûupvu-tih-aak   pa-tá   yíth   vaa   káan   yáanchiip   taay   u-'íif-ti   yíth   pa-káan   kun-'uupvu-tih-aak   there   so   Intensive   a.little   3pl(>3s)-know-DUR-ANC   the-3plPOSS-digging.stick   with.(by.means.of)   that   there   much   3s(>3)-grow-DUR   the-there   always   3pl(>3s)-dig.roots-DUR-when   NOMZ-PERF   other   so   there   next.year   much   3s(>3)-grow-DUR   other   the-there   3pl(>3s)-dig.roots-DUR-when

    But they knew indeed that where they dig cacomites all the time, with their digging sticks many of them grow up, the following year many grow up where they dig them. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Practices Bordering on a Knowledge of Tillage (JPH_TKIC-IV.5) | read full text

16. vaa   kun-ipí-ti   pa-kun-'ûupvu-tih-aak   pa-tayîith   vaa   yâanchiip   kúkuum   taay   u-'íif-tih   so   3pl(>3s)-say-DUR   the-3pl(>3s)-dig.roots-DUR-when   the-Brodiaea   so   next.year   again   much   3s(>3)-grow-DUR

    They claim that by digging Indian potatoes, more grow up the next year again. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Practices Bordering on a Knowledge of Tillage (JPH_TKIC-IV.5) | read full text

17. taay   tûupichas   u-'íif-ti   sú'   vaa   mu-pîimachich   pa-tayîith   much   small.ones   3s(>3)-grow-DUR   inside   that   3sPOSS-next.to   the-Brodiaea

    There are tiny ones growing under the ground, close to the Indian potatoes. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Practices Bordering on a Knowledge of Tillage (JPH_TKIC-IV.5) | read full text

18. áfee-r   tá   kun-vítrip   vaa   uum   pu-kúkuum   p-íif-tih-ara   pá-vaa   kun-'îinish-tih-aak   pa-yúux   u-xéetchich-hi-tih   bottom-having   PERF   3pl(>3s)-pull.up.(weeds)   so   3.SG   NEG-again   ITER-grow-DUR-NEG   the-that   3pl(>3s)-come.into.existence-DUR-when   the-dirt   3s(>3)-soft-DENOM-DUR

    Root and all they pull them out, so they will not grow up again, and by doing this the ground is made softer. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Practices Bordering on a Knowledge of Tillage (JPH_TKIC-IV.5) | read full text

19. vúra   xára   xás   vúra   t-u-'íf   Intensive   long.time   then   Intensive   PERF-3s(>3)-grow

    And after a long time it raised. Source: Vina Smith, Biscuits (VS-23) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

20. máh'iit   t-u-'íf   xás   vúra   t-óo   kyav   saraxútnahich   morning   PERF-3s(>3)-grow   then   Intensive   PERF-3s(>3)   make   pancake

    In the morning it raised, and she made pancakes. Source: Vina Smith, Biscuits (VS-23) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

21. itíhaan   vúra   vaa   ikpíhan   káru   xás   vúra   vaa   p-oo-'if   vúra   vaa   itíhaan   vúra   ikpíhan   strong   Intensive   that   strong   also   then   Intensive   that   NOMZ-3s(>3)-grow   Intensive   that   strong   Intensive   strong

    He is always strong, and when he grew up he was just always strong. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

22. íp   p-oo-'íf   xás   vúra   vaa   ikpíhan   PAST   NOMZ-3s(>3)-grow   then   Intensive   that   strong

    Growing up he was strong. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

23. p-oo-'íif-ti   xás   vúra   vaa   kâarim   vúra   púfaat   pu-'ûum   táay   vúra   púfaat   NOMZ-3s(>3)-grow-DUR   then   Intensive   that   bad   Intensive   nothing   NEG-barely   much   Intensive   nothing

    When he was growing up he was poor, he didn't have hardly anything, he didn't have much. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

24. xás   vúra   vaa   t-u-'if   then   Intensive   that   PERF-3s(>3)-grow

    He grew up that way. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

25. vúra   púfaat   uum   vúra   mu-'ám   mu-'uup   xás   vúra   vaa   kâarim   xás   vúra   vaa   p-oo-'íif-tih   Intensive   nothing   3.SG   Intensive   3sPOSS-food   3sPOSS-possession   then   Intensive   that   bad   then   Intensive   that   NOMZ-3s(>3)-grow-DUR

    He didn't have any food or possessions, he was poor, that is how he grew up. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

26. vâaram   t-i-'íf   long   PERF-2s(>3)-grow

    You grew tall. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

27. panámniik   u-'íf-anik   Orleans   3s(>3)-grow-ANC

    He grew up at Orleans. Source: Chester Pepper, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-03) | read full text

28. víri   vaa   kúth   payêem   pa-xuntápan   kôokaninay   vúra   u-'íif-tih   so   that   because.of   now   the-acorn   everywhere   Intensive   3s(>3)-grow-DUR

    That's why the acorns grow everywhere now. Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote Gives Salmon and Acorns to Mankind" (WB_KL-17) | read full text

29. kári   ithívthaaneen   t-óo   thárish   xás   pa-xuntápan   tá   kun-íf-ar   then   land   PERF-3s(>3)   put.down   then   the-acorn   PERF   3pl(>3s)-grow-go.to

    They were creating (lit., laying down) the world, and the acorns came to grow. Source: Lottie Beck, "The Story of Tan Oak Acorn" (WB_KL-30) | read full text

30. yaxéek   vúra   nik   kun-xús-eesh   xuntápan   t-u-'íf-ar   you'll.see   Intensive   a.little   3pl(>3s)-think-FUT   acorn   PERF-3s(>3)-grow-go.to

    They'll know (lit., think) that Tan Oak Acorn has come to grow. Source: Lottie Beck, "The Story of Tan Oak Acorn" (WB_KL-30) | read full text

31. víri   îifuti   tá   kun-ívyiihma   pa-káan   kun-íf-eesh   vúra   vaa   u-thivkêe-tih   and.so   sure.enough   PERF   3pl(>3s)-go.to.(pl.)   NOMZ-there   3pl(>3s)-grow-FUT   Intensive   so   3s(>3)-go.along-DUR

    So sure enough, they arrived where they were going to grow, she accompanied them like that. Source: Lottie Beck, "The Story of Tan Oak Acorn" (WB_KL-30) | read full text

32. itáharavan   kun-'íf-anik   tipahêer-as   ten.(animate)   3pl(>3s)-grow-ANC   brother-PL

    Ten brothers grew up. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Lizard and Grizzly Bear" (WB_KL-34) | read full text

33. yáanchiip   táay   u-'íf-eesh   xuntápan   next.year   much   3s(>3)-grow-FUT   acorn

    The next year many acorns will grow. Source: Chester Pepper, "The Origin of the Pikiawish" (WB_KL-47) | read full text

34. kári   xás   yítha   uum   káan   u-'íf-anik   then   then   one   3.SG   there   3s(>3)-grow-ANC

    And one (girl) had grown up there (at Orleans). Source: Nettie Ruben, "Medicine to Get a Husband" (WB_KL-50) | read full text

35. ôok   kun-'íf-anik   ithivthanéen'aachip   áxak   ikxareeyav-'ifápiit-ich-as   here   3pl(>3s)-grow-ANC   center.of.world   two   spirit.person-young.unmarried.woman-DIM-PL

    Two spirit girls grew up here at the middle of the world. Source: Chester Pepper, "Love Medicine" (WB_KL-51) | read full text

36. kári   xás   pa-niinamichtâapas   iknûumin veekxaréeyav   pa-mú-'arama   vaa   vúra   u-kupa-'íf-aha   pa-mú-tiik   u-'ákchaak-tih   xákarari   pa-mú-tiik   u-'ákchaak-tih   then   then   the-smallest   Burrill.Peak.spirit   the-3sPOSS-child   so   Intensive   3s(>3)-MODAL-grow-Modal   the-3sPOSS-hand   3s(>3)-close.hands-DUR   on.both.sides   the-3sPOSS-hand   3s(>3)-close.hands-DUR

    And Burrill Peak Spirit's littlest child grew up this way, his hands were closed, both his hands were closed. Source: Mamie Offield, "Shinny Game Medicine" (WB_KL-54) | read full text

37. kári   xás   vaa   u-piip   iimkun   úm   kúth   ni-'íif-tih   iimkun   úm   kumá'ii   ni-'íif-tih   then   then   so   3s(>3)-say   2pl.   or   because.of   1s(>3)-grow-DUR   2pl.   or   because.of   1s(>3)-grow-DUR

    And he said, "Am I growing up for you people, am I growing up for your sake? Source: Mamie Offield, "Wrestling Medicine" (WB_KL-55) | read full text

38. naa   káru   vúra   káan   ni-'íif-tih   1sg.   also   Intensive   there   1s(>3)-grow-DUR

    I am growing up here too!" Source: Mamie Offield, "Wrestling Medicine" (WB_KL-55) | read full text

39. koovúra   vaa   u-pí-tih   iimkun   úm   kúth   ni-'íif-tih   all   so   3s(>3)-say-DUR   2pl.   or   because.of   1s(>3)-grow-DUR

    Every time, (kunâach'aa) said, "Am I growing up for you people? Source: Mamie Offield, "Wrestling Medicine" (WB_KL-55) | read full text

40. naa   káru   vúra   káan   ni-'íif-tih   kunâach'aa   1sg.   also   Intensive   there   1s(>3)-grow-DUR   bird.sp.

    I am growing up here too, (I,) kunâach'aa!" Source: Mamie Offield, "Wrestling Medicine" (WB_KL-55) | read full text

41. vaa   u-'íif-ti   pa-mú-'iish   so   3s(>3)-grow-DUR   the-3sPOSS-flesh

    Thus his flesh grew. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Pool in Big Rock" (WB_KL-59) | read full text

42. pa-xuntápan   uum   kun-'ífik-tih   ípaha-k   kun-'íif-tih   the-acorn   3.SG   3pl(>3s)-pick.up-DUR   tree-Locative   3pl(>3s)-grow-DUR

    They picked the acorns, they grew on trees. Source: Julia Starritt, "Making Acorn Soup" (WB_KL-73) | read full text

43. xás   pa-nunu-'ífunih   vúra   xávish   mûuk   nu-pákoo-tih   kíri   vâaram-as   u-'if   pa-nunu-'ífunih   then   the-1plPOSS-hair   Intensive   mock.orange   with.(by.means.of)   1pl(>3)-whip.hair-DUR   I.wish   long-PL   3s(>3)-grow   the-1plPOSS-hair

    And we whipped our hair with syringa, (thinking), "Let our hair grow long!" Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Pikiawish at Katimin" (WB_KL-83) | read full text