Karuk Dictionary
by William Bright and Susan Gehr (© Karuk Tribe)
This is the public version of Ararahih'urípih. Click here for the password-protected private version (which includes some restricted-access text content).
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kúna in addition, in turn; but
Dictionary Entry
lexicon ID #3978 | revised Apr 21 2005
kúna • PCL • in addition, in turn; but
Derivatives (2)
yíthakuneek "at various places"
yitheekúna "the next one"
Source: WB 919, p.363
- kúna peeyuuphâak pukinpávyiihmeeshara. But if you open your eyes, we won't get back. [Reference: WB T3.153]
- tâak yíth kuna. Give me another one. [Reference: JPH "Grammar" 394]
Sentence examples (68)
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xas pa-sáruk ni-p-itfáku-tih víri kúna su u-p-árihkaa pihneefích'anamahich then NOMZ-downhill 1s(>3)-ITER-look.away.downhill-DUR so in.addition inside 3s(>3)-ITER-run.inside coyote.pup I looked back just in time to see a coyote pup running back into the log. Source: Benonie Harrie, "Coyote Pups" (DAF_KT-05a) | read full textyánava kári vúra sú kári xas vaa kúna ni-thyúrurupuk táma ikrívki pa-pihnêefich-tunvêechas visible then Intensive inside then then so in.addition 1s(>3)-drag.out then six the-coyote-small.(pl.) And there was one more still inside. Then I pulled out that one too. There they were, six little coyotes! Source: Benonie Harrie, "Coyote Pups" (DAF_KT-05a) | read full textviri kúna vúra ithyárukirukam kuma-vîitkir chími u-kfúkuvra-vish so in.addition Intensive on.other.side.of.river 3sPOSS-ridge soon 3s(>3)-climb.over-FUT He was about to climb over the ridge on the other side of the creek. Source: Benonie Harrie, "A Hunting Yarn" (DAF_KT-05c) | read full textta'ítam kúkuum ni-'aaksúr-aheen chímiva súrukam kúna ni-pásip tama u-skákavraa so again 1s(>3)-release..(arrow)-ANT soon under in.addition 1s(>3)-shoot then 3s(>3)-jump.over.ridge I shot under, and he jumped over the ridge. Source: Benonie Harrie, "A Hunting Yarn" (DAF_KT-05c) | read full textkári xás vúup kúna ni-vúsur then then neck in.addition 1s(>3)-cut.off Then, in addition, I cut off his neck. Source: Benonie Harrie, "A Hunting Yarn" (DAF_KT-05c) | read full textyíth kúna tá ni-kyâasip tuupichas-yâach other in.addition PERF 1s(>3)-begin small.ones-Intensive I start another one, with smaller sticks. Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text
Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Playfátaak vúra tá ni-páchish yítha kúna ni-kyâasip somewhere Intensive PERF 1s(>3)-throw.down one in.addition 1s(>3)-begin I just throw it down somewhere, I start another one. Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text
Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Playxas yúruk kuna u-tápichrup then downriver in.addition 3s(>3)-slip.downriver Then he slipped in downriver direction. Source: Phoebe Maddux, "How Western Yellow-Bellied Racer was Transformed" (JPH_KIM-10) | read full textxas káruk kuna u-tápichroov then upriver in.addition 3s(>3)-slip.upriver Then he slipped in upriver direction. Source: Phoebe Maddux, "How Western Yellow-Bellied Racer was Transformed" (JPH_KIM-10) | read full textxas sáruk kuna u-tápichfak then downhill in.addition 3s(>3)-slip.down.from.uphill Then he slipped in downslope direction. Source: Phoebe Maddux, "How Western Yellow-Bellied Racer was Transformed" (JPH_KIM-10) | read full texttîi pay kich xas kumatêeshich kuna kan-pútyiinkach-i let... this only then still.more in.addition 1s(>3)-defecate.on-IMPER Let me do a little bit more of job on it." Source: Phoebe Maddux, "How Western Yellow-Bellied Racer was Transformed" (JPH_KIM-10) | read full textée aaf kuna u-pákat oh! excrement in.addition 3s(>3)-take.a.taste "Oh, it tastes like manure." Source: Phoebe Maddux, "How Western Yellow-Bellied Racer was Transformed" (JPH_KIM-10) | read full textxás vaa kúna kun-páxeep then that in.addition 3pl(>3s)-win.from And they won it from him. Source: Fritz Hansen, "Mourning Dove Young Man Gambles away his Doodle Bug Grandmother's Dress" (JPH_KT-06) | read full textkúna úum pa-hôotah yâak nu-'ípak-ahaak hínupa ta-pu-'ára íin-ara in.addition 3.SG NOMZ-late good.place 1pl(>3)-come.back-when surprise PERF-NEG-person exist-NEG If we came back late to the good place, humankind would not exist. Source: Yaas, "How Fish were Transformed" (JPH_KT-07) | read full textyíth kúna u-'árihish other in.addition 3s(>3)-sing Then she sang another song. Source: Phoebe Maddux, "Bluejay Myth" (JPH_PHM-24-343a) | read full textvaa vúra púrith u-mússahi-ti kúna vúra axvíththirar u-mússahi-ti pa-chishihpúrith uxraháthkaay pa-ppírish káru vúra axvíththirar-kunish so Intensive huckleberry 3s(>3)-look-DUR in.addition Intensive dirty 3s(>3)-look-DUR the-nightshade.sp. sour the-plant also Intensive dirty-like They look like huckleberries, but the dog huckleberries are dirty looking, they are sour, the leaves also are dirty looking. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Of All Karuk plants the Black Nightshade is Most Like Tobacco, the Whites Tell Us (JPH_TKIC-III.3) | read full textkúna vúra pa-tapas-ihêeraha uum kúnish axváhah-ar tíiky-an ár u-xváhahi-ti pa-t-u-'áffish-ahaak pa-tapas-ihêeraha in.addition Intensive the-real-tobacco 3.SG sort.of make.sticky-having.been.-ed hand-Locative person 3s(>3)-make.sticky-DUR NOMZ-PERF-3s(>3)-touch-when the-real-tobacco But the real tobacco is pithy, it makes a person's hands sticky when one touches it, the real tobacco does. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Downslope and Upslope Tobacco (JPH_TKIC-III.4) | read full textkúna vúra vaa kun-'aapúnmu-tih-anik pa-'áraar hôoy vúrava pa-'úhish p-oo-kyívishrih-aak vaa vúra íkiich u-'íf-eesh kun-'aapúnmu-tih-anik vúra vaa in.addition Intensive so 3pl(>3s)-know-DUR-ANC the-human where just the-seed NOMZ-3s(>3)-grow-FUT so Intensive maybe 3s(>3)-grow-FUT 3pl(>3s)-know-DUR-ANC Intensive that But the people knew, that if a seed drops any place, it will maybe grow up; they knew that way. Source: Phoebe Maddux, They Knew That Seeds Will Grow (JPH_TKIC-IV.3) | read full textkúna vúra mít pu-hári úhish ipshâanmu-tih-ap-hat pa-'úhish u-'íf-eesh in.addition Intensive near.past NEG-sometime seed take.back.(things)-DUR-NEG-PAST NOMZ-pipe.(dimin.) 3s(>3)-grow-FUT But They Never Packed Seeds Home Source: Phoebe Maddux, But They Never Packed Seeds Home (JPH_TKIC-IV.4) | read full textnaa ipshûunkinich kúna pa-nani-típa uum vâaram 1sg. low in.addition the-1sPOSS-brother 3.SG long My brother is taller than me. (I'm short, but my brother is tall.) Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about comparisons (VS-18) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playkúna vúra pa-'arara-kéevriik-shas pa-'arara-pihnîich-as pa-nani-káruk va-'ararée-fyiiv-shas koovúra nee-psháravrik in.addition Intensive the-human-old.woman-PL the-human-old.man-PL the-1sPOSS-upriver 3sPOSS-human-friend-PL all 2s/3s>1s-help But the Karuk old women, the Karuk old men, my Karuk friends, they all helped me. Source: William Bright, "Speech to Karuk Tribal Council" (WB-01) | read full text
Spoken by William Bright | Download | Playkúna vúra kúkuum ôok tá ni-'uum pa-naní-fyiiv-shas ni-músaruk-ti kári vúra pa-káruk vá-hi ni-'aapúnmiik-ti in.addition Intensive again here PERF 1s(>3)-arrive the-1sPOSS-friend-PL 1s(>3)-come.to.see-DUR then Intensive the-upriver 3sPOSS-language 1s(>3)-learn.from-DUR But I've come back here again, I'm visiting my friends, and I'm still learning the Karuk language. Source: William Bright, "Speech to Karuk Tribal Council" (WB-01) | read full text
Spoken by William Bright | Download | Playkúna vúra xáyfaat ík i-yúupha in.addition Intensive don't! must 2s(>3)-open.eyes But you mustn't open your eyes. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote's Homecoming" (second telling) (WB_KL-02a) | read full text
Spoken by Nettie Ruben | Download | Playchímiva vaa kúna u-kúupha íshaha ú-xrah soon so in.addition 3s(>3)-do water 3s(>3)-thirst.for Soon he did this also, he got thirsty. Source: Chester Pepper, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-03) | read full textkúna vúra pu-'astíip-ich na-'ísh-eesh-ara in.addition Intensive NEG-shore-DIM 1s(>3)-drink-FUT-NEG But I won't drink by the bank. Source: Chester Pepper, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-03) | read full textith-'áraan ník kúna t-óo p-vôoruvrath kun-ithyivúniih-vu-tih one-human a.little in.addition PERF-3s(>3) ITER-enter.(sweathouse) 3pl(>3s)-fall.down.(pl.)-PL.ACT-DUR (As) each person crawled in, they fell down. Source: Chester Pepper, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-03) | read full textkúna vúra xáyfaat i-yúupha in.addition Intensive don't! 2s(>3)-open.eyes But don't open your eyes." Source: Chester Pepper, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-03) | read full textkúna p-ee-yuuph-âak pu-kin-pávyiihm-eesh-ara in.addition NOMZ-2s(>3)-open.eyes-when NEG-1pl(>3)-go.back.to.(pl.)-FUT-NEG But if you open your eyes (before), we won't get there. Source: Chester Pepper, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-03) | read full textkúna vúra i-'asimchák-eesh ík xáyfaat ík i-txâarihva in.addition Intensive 2s(>3)-close.eyes-FUT must don't! must 2s(>3)-open.eyes But you must close your eyes, you mustn't open them. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-04) | read full textxás pa-tishanih-yûum u-kvíriprup víri kúna kâam pa-'îin kun-'áharamu-ti tá kun-ihmáravarak then NOMZ-placename-uphill.downriver 3s(>3)-run.off..downriver so in.addition little.upriver NOMZ-TOPIC 3pl(>3s)-follow-DUR PERF 3pl(>3s)-run.downstream.from.here.(pl.) And when he ran downriver from tishániik, the ones following him were running down just upriver. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Goes to a War Dance" (WB_KL-06) | read full texttîi naa kúna kan-'árihishrih pa-nini-pákurih let... 1sg. in.addition 1s(>3)-sing the-1sPOSS-song Let me sing my song now." Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote Trades Songs" (WB_KL-07) | read full textxás pihnêefich kúna u-'árihish haninuvêe naa hanuvêe naa then coyote in.addition 3s(>3)-sing haninuvêe naa hanuvêe naa So Coyote sang, "haninuvêe naa hanuvêe naa. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote Trades Songs" (WB_KL-07) | read full textxás pa-mu-sípnuuk uum ipshûunkinich kúna vúra tinihyâach káan u-'uuchnímach then the-3sPOSS-storage.basket 3.SG low in.addition Intensive quite.wide there 3s(>3)-sit.(short.round.object) And his storage basket was short, but it was sort of wide, it was squatting there. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Goes to the Sky" (WB_KL-08) | read full textkári xás u-píip chími man kúna vúra xáyfaat ík i-'ûurih then then 3s(>3)-say soon why... in.addition Intensive don't! must 2s(>3)-be.unwilling And they said, "All right, but you mustn't get tired." Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote Trades Songs and Goes to the Sky" (WB_KL-09) | read full textápap kúna pa-mú-traax kun-íshpaatsur one.side in.addition the-3sPOSS-arm 3pl(>3s)-break.off They pulled off his arm on the other side. Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote Trades Songs and Goes to the Sky" (WB_KL-09) | read full textxás kári uum pa-t-óo kfuuyshur yítha kúna t-u-'éeh then then 3.SG NOMZ-PERF-3s(>3) be.tired one in.addition PERF-3s(>3)-give And when he got tired, he gave it to another one. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Steals Fire" (WB_KL-10) | read full textxás víri kúna ku-mâam kun-ihmárafak pa-kah'árah-sas then so in.addition 3sPOSS-uphill 3pl(>3s)-run.down.from.uphill.(pl.) the-Shasta.Indian-PL And the upriver people were running down from uphill just upslope from them. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Steals Fire" (WB_KL-10) | read full textxás axmáy vúra máruk kúna u-tápichraa then suddenly Intensive uphill in.addition 3s(>3)-slip.up.from.downriver And suddenly he slipped upriver. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote Eats His Own Excrement" (WB_KL-14) | read full textithyáruk kúna ú-p-viitroov-eesh u-thívruuhroov-eesh káru káruk u-vuunôov-ahi-ti pa-'íshaha across in.addition 3s(>3)-ITER-paddle.upstream.from.here-FUT 3s(>3)-float.upriver-FUT also upriver 3s(>3)-flow.upstream.from.here-ESS-DUR the-water They would travel back upstream on the other side, they would float upstream also, the water was flowing upstream. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote As Lawmaker" (WB_KL-15) | read full textkári xás kúna kun-piip asiktávaan pa-mukun-'átimnam máruk tá kun-sánaa-n then then in.addition 3pl(>3s)-say woman the-3plPOSS-pack-basket uphill PERF 3pl(>3s)-carry.(things).up.from.downhill-PL.ACT And next they said, "Women carry their burden-baskets uphill. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote As Lawmaker" (WB_KL-15) | read full textkúna vúra kúnish tá arákaas in.addition Intensive sort.of PERF old.man But he's sort of old.'" Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Marries His Own Daughter" (WB_KL-16) | read full textxás ú-peen-ti pa-mú-'aramah kúna vúra yáv p-ee-kup-eekrêe-hi-tih-eesh then 3s(>3)-say.to-DUR the-3sPOSS-child in.addition Intensive good NOMZ-2s(>3)-MODAL-live-Modal-DUR-FUT And he told his child, "But you will live well. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Marries His Own Daughter" (WB_KL-16) | read full textkúna vúra pa-mu-krívraam vaa vúra u-músahi-ti pa-nunu-krívraam koovúra p-oo-tâayhi-ti iinâak vaa vúra u-músahi-ti ôok iinâak p-oo-tâayhi-tih in.addition Intensive the-3sPOSS-house that Intensive 3s(>3)-look-DUR the-1plPOSS-house all NOMZ-3s(>3)-be.many-DUR indoors that Intensive 3s(>3)-look-DUR here indoors NOMZ-3s(>3)-be.many-DUR "But his house looks just like our house, everything that is inside looks just like what is inside here. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Marries His Own Daughter" (WB_KL-16) | read full textkúna vúra páykuuk yíiv áhoo-n payôok xáyfaat i-'áhoo p-eempahee-pshûunkinich kâarim i-kupheesh in.addition Intensive over.there far go-go.to right.here don't! 2s(>3)-go the-trail-low bad 2s(>3)-will.do But go by the far way yonder, don't travel (by the way) right here, on the short road, you'll do badly. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Marries His Own Daughter" (WB_KL-16) | read full textâanxus kúna u-'árihish keechxâach tíiptiip áahrishuk keechxâach tíiptiip áahrishuk weasel in.addition 3s(>3)-sing widow.(old) Woodwardia.fern áahrishuk widow.(old) Woodwardia.fern áahrishuk Weasel sang in turn, "keechxâach tíiptiip áahrishuk, keechxâach tíiptiip áahrishuk." Source: Lottie Beck, "The Perils of Weasel" (WB_KL-18) | read full textápap kúna ú-syuunkiv one.side in.addition 3s(>3)-pull.out She pulled off (the earring) on the other side. Source: Mamie Offield, "The Perils of Weasel" (WB_KL-19) | read full textvaa kúna ku-mûuk ú-ktir so in.addition 3sPOSS-with.(by.means.of) 3s(>3)-hit.by.throwing She hit at him with it in turn. Source: Mamie Offield, "The Perils of Weasel" (WB_KL-19) | read full textkúna nuu yaas'arará-'uuthkam kích nu-'iru-kúunpiithvu-tih-eesh in.addition we humankind-seaward only 1pl(>3)-PL-sit.around-DUR-FUT But we will be sitting around only in front of rich people." Source: Lottie Beck, "The Greedy Father" (WB_KL-23) | read full textxás pa-yítha kúna u-xús ní-kfuukiraa then the-one in.addition 3s(>3)-think 1s(>3)-grab And he thought, "I'm grabbing the other one." Source: Lottie Beck, "The Greedy Father" (WB_KL-23) | read full textpa-mu-hrôoha kúna ú-kfuukiraa the-3sPOSS-wife in.addition 3s(>3)-grab He grabbed his wife in turn. Source: Lottie Beck, "The Greedy Father" (WB_KL-23) | read full textkúna uum vaa vúra káan ú-ksuusur in.addition 3.SG so Intensive there 3s(>3)-swoop.down He, in turn, swooped down there. Source: Lottie Beck, "The Greedy Father" (WB_KL-23) | read full textkúna naa naa káru pa-nini-túnviiv páy nanusúruk kúuk tá nu-pávyiihma in.addition 1sg. 1sg. also the-1sPOSS-children underground to PERF 1pl(>3)-go.back.to.(pl.) But I, I and my children, we are going underground. Source: Mamie Offield, "The Greedy Father" (WB_KL-24) | read full textkári xás mahnûuvanach kúna kun-píkav then then chipmunk in.addition 3pl(>3s)-get.(person) Then in turn they summoned Chipmunk. Source: Mamie Offield, "Blue Jay As Doctor" (WB_KL-28) | read full textxás pa-'avansáxiich vúra uum u-xrára-tih kúna vúra u-'íchunvu-ti p-oo-xrára-tih then the-boy Intensive 3.SG 3s(>3)-weep-DUR in.addition Intensive 3s(>3)-hide.oneself-DUR NOMZ-3s(>3)-weep-DUR And the boy was crying, but he hid when he cried. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Bear and the Deer" (WB_KL-32) | read full textvíri kúna káruk u-kvíripvarak so in.addition upriver 3s(>3)-run.down.from.upriver She in her turn was running down from upriver. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Bear and the Deer" (WB_KL-32) | read full textvíri kúna ku-kâam t-óo kvírip-varak so in.addition 3sPOSS-little.upriver PERF-3s(>3) run-down.from.upriver (Bear) in turn was running down from close upriver. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Bear and the Deer" (WB_KL-32) | read full textkári xás ú-kpaatrav pa-mú-psiih aax kúna u-'ínihnamnih-ach then then 3s(>3)-break.in.two the-3sPOSS-leg blood in.addition 3s(>3)-drip.into-DIM.(verbs) And she broke her leg, but (only) blood dribbled in. Source: Mamie Offield, "How Deer Meat Was Lost and Regained" (WB_KL-33) | read full textyiimúsich kúna uum táma u-p-ikyívunih little.ways.off in.addition 3.SG then 3s(>3)-ITER-fall.downward But it fell down again just a little ways off. Source: Mamie Offield, "How Deer Meat Was Lost and Regained" (WB_KL-33) | read full textkúna chámuxich uum vúra ípihar in.addition sucker 3.SG Intensive bony But Sucker is bony. Source: Mamie Offield, "Eel and Sucker" (WB_KL-37) | read full textkári xás p-aachvíiv kúna kun-ikyâavarihva then then the-bird in.addition 3pl(>3s)-try And the birds tried in turn. Source: Mamie Offield, "Victory Over Fire" (WB_KL-45) | read full textkáan kúna pa-mukun-'aktinakír-ak vaa káru vúra pu-'aapúnmu-tih-ara there in.addition the-3plPOSS-handrest-Locative so also Intensive NEG-know-DUR-NEG The grasping stones there (at the doorway) didn't know either. Source: Chester Pepper, "Medicine for the Return of Wives" (WB_KL-52) | read full textyá yúruk ithivthaneen'ípan kúna ú-kuuyva pa-tákasar visible downriver at.end.of.world in.addition 3s(>3)-strike the-shinny.tossel He saw the tossel land in turn at the downriver end of the world. Source: Mamie Offield, "Shinny Game Medicine" (WB_KL-54) | read full textkári xás vaa kúna tá kin-'ákih ipchimákananach then then so in.addition PERF 3pl>3pl-give.(things).to handkerchief Then in addition they gave them handkerchiefs. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The White Man's Gifts" (WB_KL-65) | read full textxás pa-peevapíthvaan u-píip fâat kúna then the-storekeeper 3s(>3)-say what in.addition And the storekeeper said, "What else?" Source: Julia Starritt, "How the Rube Family Was Named" (WB_KL-66) | read full textfátaak kúna t-óo sriv somewhere in.addition PERF-3s(>3) target-shooting They did target-shooting someplace. Source: Emily Donahue, "The Pikiawish at Katimin" (WB_KL-82) | read full textimáankam xumvaroov-yúrukam kúna kun-ishrív-eesh next.day placename-uphill.downriver in.addition 3pl(>3s)-shoot.at.targets-FUT The next day they shot at targets on a height downriver from xumvároov. Source: Maggie Charley, "The Pikiawish at Clear Creek" (WB_KL-84) | read full textpúyava pa-ni-pkára-haak payêem káruk kúna ni-'árihroov-ish ni-p-takníhar-eesh you.see NOMZ-1s(>3)-go.back.acrossriver-when now upriver in.addition 1s(>3)-go.upriver-down 1s(>3)-ITER-go.drive-FUT When I go back across-river now, I'll go upriver, I'll go drive back. Source: Julia Starritt, "A Blow-out" (WB_KL-91) | read full textkúna vúra payêem ápap-kam asiktávaan yítha in.addition Intensive now one.side-side woman one But now one woman is on one side. Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full text