Ararahih'urípih
A Dictionary and Text Corpus of the Karuk Language

Karuk Dictionary

by William Bright and Susan Gehr (© Karuk Tribe)

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ikyav / ikyáa- to make, make into; to do; to fix; to prepare; to gather, to acquire (things other than food)

Dictionary Entry
lexicon ID #2348 | revised Dec 07 2014

ikyav / ikyáa- V • to make, make into; to do; to fix; to prepare; to gather, to acquire (things other than food)

Derivatives (46; show derivatives)

Source: WB 557, p.343

Note: See also KM 31.22.

  • púmit vúra vaa ikyâatihaphat puxích pánuu kuma'áraaras. Our people didn't used to make that very much. [Reference: TK 135.14]
  • chími kíikyav itahanánamahich pamikunpavírutva. Make ten maple-bark skirts! [Reference: KM 31.22]


Sentence examples (153)

Include derivatives: yes | no
Display mode: sentence | word | word components

  1. kári   xás   pihnêefich   akôor   ú-kyav   imshaxvuh-'ákoor  
    then   then   coyote   axe   3s(>3)-make   gum-axe  
    Then Coyote made an axe, a (pine) gum axe.
    Source: Mrs. Bennett, "Screech Owl and Coyote" (ALK_14-35) | read full text
  2. fâat   i-kyâa-tih  
    what   2s(>3)-make-DUR  
    What are you doing?
    Source: Charlie Thom, Sr., Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (CT-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Charlie Thom, Sr. | Download | Play
  3. purafâat   nee-kyâa-tih-ara  
    nothing   1s(>3)-make-DUR-NEG  
    [I'm doing] nothing.
    Source: Charlie Thom, Sr., Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (CT-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Charlie Thom, Sr. | Download | Play
  4. vúra   purafâat   nee-kyâa-tih-ara  
    Intensive   nothing   1s(>3)-make-DUR-NEG  
    [I'm doing] nothing at all.
    Source: Charlie Thom, Sr., Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (CT-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Charlie Thom, Sr. | Download | Play
  5. koovúra   ni-'áapunma   fâat   ni-kyâa-tih  
    all   1s(>3)-know   what   1s(>3)-make-DUR  
    I learned everything, I can make anything.
    Source: Charlie Thom, Sr., How Charlie Grew Up (CT-02) | read full text
    Spoken by Charlie Thom, Sr. | Download | Play
  6. úum   pa-pihnîichich   vúra   kich   itíhaan   iinâak   ú-krii   áah   u-kyâa-tih  
    3.SG   the-old.man   Intensive   only   always   indoors   3s(>3)-live   fire   3s(>3)-make-DUR  
    Their old man always sat inside, tending the fire.
    Source: Margaret Harrie, "The Ten Young Men who Became the Pleiades" (DAF_KT-02) | read full text
  7. xas   u-píip   "pihnîich   tharampuka-yaa-'íshara   i-kyâa-heen  
    then   3s(>3)-say   "old.man   acorn.soup-good-extremely   2s(>3)-make-ANT  
    (One of the boys) said, "Old man, that's awfully good mush you fixed today!"
    Source: Margaret Harrie, "The Ten Young Men who Became the Pleiades" (DAF_KT-02) | read full text
  8. xas   áh-kaam   kun-'íkyav  
    then   fire-large   3pl(>3s)-make  
    And they built a big fire.
    Source: Margaret Harrie, "The Ten Young Men who Became the Pleiades" (DAF_KT-02) | read full text
  9. kári   xás   pa-'ishmúnaxich   íithva   ni-kyâa-heen  
    then   then   the-meat.alone   packload   1s(>3)-make-ANT  
    Then I made a pack of only meat.
    Source: Benonie Harrie, "A Hunting Yarn" (DAF_KT-05c) | read full text
  10. káru   uumkun   pu-ikyâa-tih  
    also   they   NEG-make-DUR  
    Why didn't they do it themselves?
    Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Grace Davis | Download | Play
  11. káru   uum   yíth   kun-kupee-kyâa-hi-tih  
    also   3.SG   other   3pl(>3s)-MODAL-make-Modal-DUR  
    They make a different kind for that.
    Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Grace Davis | Download | Play
  12. Well,   manâa   pu-'ikyâa-tih-ara  
    Well,   maybe   NEG-make-DUR-NEG  
    Well, you don't make it [acorn soup].
    Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Grace Davis | Download | Play
  13. víri   manâa   pu--'aapunmu-tih-ara   xás   vúra   xás   kôok   pa-tákiram   vúra   kun-ikyâa-ti  
    so   maybe   NEG-1s(>3)-know-DUR-NEG   then   Intensive   then   kind   NOMZ-acorn-leaching.hole   Intensive   3pl(>3s)-make-DUR  
    I don't know what kind they make for a soaking basket
    Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Play
  14. I have seen my Aunt   sáruk   t-óo   kyav   in the sand  
    I have seen my Aunt   downhill   PERF-3s(>3)   make   in the sand  
    I have seen my Aunt, she did it by the river, in the sand.
    Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Play
  15. yúux-ak   pa-t-óo   kyav  
    dirt-Locative   NOMZ-PERF-3s(>3)   make  
    They did it in the sand.
    Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Grace Davis | Download | Play
  16. áhup      ni-kyâa-tih  
    wood   PERF   1s(>3)-make-DUR  
    I gathered wood.
    Source: Julian Lang, Vina Smith, Conversation: Julian's Day (JL-VS-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Julian Lang | Download | Play
  17. áhup   i-kyâa-tih   hum  
    wood   2s(>3)-make-DUR   or  
    Did you gather wood?
    Source: Julian Lang, Vina Smith, Conversation: Julian's Day (JL-VS-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  18. áah      ni-kyâa-tih  
    fire   PERF   1s(>3)-make-DUR  
    I made a fire.
    Source: Julian Lang, Vina Smith, Conversation: Julian's Day (JL-VS-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Julian Lang | Download | Play
  19. vaa      ni-kyâa-tih   -'aah  
    so   PERF   1s(>3)-make-DUR   the-fire  
    So I made the fire.
    Source: Julian Lang, Vina Smith, Conversation: Julian's Day (JL-VS-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Julian Lang | Download | Play
  20. chavúra   vaa   káan   u-'úum   pa-xath-ímtup   kun-ikyâa-tih-irak   pa-kun-ikyâa-tih-irak   pa-xath-ímtup  
    finally   that   there   3s(>3)-arrive   NOMZ-grasshopper-cooked   3pl(>3s)-make-DUR-where   NOMZ-3pl(>3s)-make-DUR-where   the-grasshopper-cooked  
    Then he reached the place where they fix cooked grasshoppers, where they fix roasted grasshoppers.
    Source: Phoebe Maddux, "Coyote Starts for Klamath Lakes, East Roasted Grasshoppers, Floats Down River and Marries Two Girls" (JPH_KT-05) | read full text
  21. vaa   uum   yíthuk   kun-yéeshriihvu-ti   pa-   kun-ikyâa-haak  
    so   3.SG   elsewhere   3pl(>3s)-put.(things).down-DUR   NOMZ-PERF   3pl(>3s)-make-when  
    They put it apart when they work it.
    Source: Phoebe Maddux, Leaf (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A.h) | read full text
  22. purafâat   vúra   káru   kuma-'úhish   utháamhí-tih-ap-hanik   vúra   iheeraha-'úhish   vúra   kích   kun-iyâa-tih-anik  
    nothing   Intensive   also   3sPOSS-seed   plant-DUR-NEG-ANC   Intensive   tobacco-seed   Intensive   only   3pl(>3s)-make-DUR-ANC  
    And they never sowed any kinds of seeds, they operated only with the tobacco seeds.
    Source: Phoebe Maddux, But They Never Packed Seeds Home (JPH_TKIC-IV.4) | read full text
  23. p-axiit-ích-as   kich   uumkun   vúra   táv   kun-'ikyâa-tih-anik   kun-víik-tih-anik   p-eethríhar   aan-mûuk   aksanváhich   kár   axpaheekníkinach   káru   tiv'axnukuxnúkuhich   xás   vaa   yúpin      kun-púuhkhin  
    PERF-child-DIM-PL   only   they   Intensive   visor   3pl(>3s)-make-DUR-ANC   3pl(>3s)-weave-DUR-ANC   PERF-flower   PERF-with.(by.means.of)   flower.sp.   also   plant.sp.   also   bluebell.(dimin.)   then   that   forehead   PERF   3pl(>3s)-put.on.headband  
    Only the children used to make a vizor, weaving the flowers with string, shooting stars, and white lilies, and bluebells, and they put it around their foreheads.
    Source: Phoebe Maddux, But They Never Packed Seeds Home (JPH_TKIC-IV.4) | read full text
  24. pay'ôok   pa-'asiktávaan   u-kyâa-ti   pa-xuun  
    right.here   the-woman   3s(>3)-make-DUR   the-acorn.soup  
    Here the woman is cooking the acorn soup.
    Source: Sonny Davis, Sentences about cooking (SD-03) | read full text
    Spoken by Sonny Davis | Download | Play
  25. fâat   i-kyâa-tih  
    what   2s(>3)-make-DUR  
    What are you making?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions (VS-16) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  26. fâat   t-ee-kyâa-tih  
    what   PERF-2s(>3)-make-DUR  
    What did you make?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions (VS-16) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  27. fâat   i-kyáv-eesh  
    what   2s(>3)-make-FUT  
    What will you make?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions (VS-16) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  28. fâat   t-ee-kyáv  
    what   PERF-2s(>3)-make  
    What did you make?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions (VS-16) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  29. fâat   kuma-páah   p-ee-kyáv-eesh  
    what   3sPOSS-boat   NOMZ-2s(>3)-make-FUT  
    What kind of boat are you gonna make?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions (VS-16) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  30. hûut   uum   pa--paah   i-kyâa-tih  
    how   3.SG   the-2sPOSS-boat   2s(>3)-make-DUR  
    How did you make your boat?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions (VS-16) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  31. áhup   i-kyav  
    wood   2s(>3)-make  
    Get wood.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20c) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  32. áhup   kii-kyav  
    wood   2pl(>3)-make  
    Get wood.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20c) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  33. áhup   kíi-kyaa-vunaa  
    wood   2pl(>3)-make-PL  
    You guys get wood.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20c) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  34. ikrívraam   ni-kyaa-t  
    house   1s(>3)-make-PAST  
    I made a house.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: actions and instrumentals (VS-21) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  35. áhup   mûuk   ni-kyaa-t   pa'-ikrívraam  
    wood   with.(by.means.of)   1s(>3)-make-PAST   the-house  
    I made a house with wood.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: actions and instrumentals (VS-21) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  36. áhup   mûuk   ni-kyáa-koo-pa   pa-tas  
    wood   with.(by.means.of)   1s(>3)-make--   the-fence  
    I made a fence with wood.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: actions and instrumentals (VS-21) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  37. pi'êep   naní-taat   mu-sára   t-óo   kyav  
    long.ago   1sPOSS-mother   3sPOSS-bread   PERF-3s(>3)   make  
    Long ago my mother made her bread.
    Source: Vina Smith, Biscuits (VS-23) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  38. máh'iit   t-u-'íf   xás   vúra   t-óo   kyav   saraxútnahich  
    morning   PERF-3s(>3)-grow   then   Intensive   PERF-3s(>3)   make   pancake  
    In the morning it raised, and she made pancakes.
    Source: Vina Smith, Biscuits (VS-23) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  39. Biscuits   káru   t-óo   kyav  
    Biscuits   also   PERF-3s(>3)   make  
    She made biscuits too.
    Source: Vina Smith, Biscuits (VS-23) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  40. xás   káru   nuu   aah   nu-kyáa-ti   îikam  
    then   also   we   fire   1pl(>3)-make-DUR   outdoors  
    And we made a fire outside.
    Source: Vina Smith, Washing (VS-24) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  41. naní-fyiiv   u-kyáa-t  
    1sPOSS-friend   3s(>3)-make-PAST  
    My friend made them.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about jewelry, hair, and clothes (VS-25) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  42. vúra   puxích   yáv   kun-ikyâa-tih  
    Intensive   very.much   good   3pl(>3s)-make-DUR  
    They really do good.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: adjectives (VS-27) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  43. yáv   vúra   yâamach   pa-yupsítanach   xás   vúra   uum      pa-kêech   ú-kyav   xás   vúra   uum   imusakêem  
    good   Intensive   pretty   the-baby   then   Intensive   3.SG   after.while   NOMZ-big   3s(>3)-make   then   Intensive   3.SG   ugly  
    She was pretty as a baby, but after a while, when she got bigger, she looked ugly.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  44. yáv   i-kyáa-ti   pa-púsihich  
    good   2s(>3)-make-DUR   the-cat.(dimin.)  
    You treat the cat good.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  45. xáyfaat   í-kyav   vaa   kâarim   i-kyáa-tih  
    don't!   2s(>3)-make   that   bad   2s(>3)-make-DUR  
    Don't treat her [the cat] that way, you are treating her badly.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  46. vaa   káan   aah   t-óo   kyav  
    that   there   fire   PERF-3s(>3)   make  
    He's building a fire.
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about spatial relations (VS-33) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  47. akâay   u-kyâa-nik   vaa   pa-'ápxaan?  
    who   3s(>3)-make-ANC   so   the-cap?  
    Who made your hat?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about weaving a hat (VS-37) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  48. pa-cake   húm   i-kyâa-vish  
    the-cake   or   2s(>3)-make-FUT  
    Would you make the cake?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about food and drink (VS-39) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  49. hûut   pa-cake   i-kyâa-vish  
    how   the-cake   2s(>3)-make-FUT  
    How do you make a cake?
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about food and drink (VS-39) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  50. chími   pa-cake   -kyav  
    soon   the-cake   1pl(>3)-make  
    Lets make a cake!
    Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about food and drink (VS-39) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  51. xás   vúrava   táay   t-óo   kyav   pa-'áhup  
    then   just   much   PERF-3s(>3)   make   the-wood  
    He gathered a lot of wood.
    Source: Vina Smith, Gathering wood (VS-47) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  52. xás   vúrava   ithéeshyav   koovúra   áhup   t-óo   kyav  
    then   just   all.winter   all   wood   PERF-3s(>3)   make  
    He gathered wood for the whole winter.
    Source: Vina Smith, Gathering wood (VS-47) | read full text
    Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play
  53. xasík   nu-pêen-ti   chími   payêem   nu--ti   kíri   gravy   -kyav  
    then.(future)   1pl(>3)-say.to-DUR   soon   now   1pl(>3)-think-DUR   I.wish   gravy   1pl(>3)-make  
    Then we told her we “Now we would like to make gravy.”
    Source: Violet Super, Violet Cooking (VSu-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Play
  54. xás   vúra   uum   yâamach   pa-gravy   -kyav   vúra   just   nice  
    then   Intensive   3.SG   pretty   the-gravy   1pl(>3)-make   Intensive   just   nice  
    And we made nice gravy, really just nice!
    Source: Violet Super, Violet Cooking (VSu-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Play
  55. pâay   káru      -kyav  
    pie   also   PERF   1s(>3)-make  
    I made pie too.
    Source: Violet Super, Violet Cooking (VSu-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Play
  56. kári   xás   pa-hári   vúra      ni-xus-âak   kíri   pâay   -kyav   pa-naní-taat   t-óo   piip   chími   man   ikyav  
    then   then   NOMZ-sometime   Intensive   PERF   1s(>3)-think-when   I.wish   pie   1s(>3)-make   the-1sPOSS-mother   PERF-3s(>3)   say   soon   why...   make  
    Whenever I wanted to make a pie, my mother would tell me, “Go ahead.”
    Source: Violet Super, Violet Cooking (VSu-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Play
  57. kári   vúra   naa   nîinamich   víri   vaa   kumá'ii   payêem   naa   uum   púfaat   nee-kyâa-tih-ara  
    then   Intensive   1sg.   little   so   so   because.of   now   1sg.   3.SG   nothing   1s(>3)-make-DUR-NEG  
    I was little then (chuckle), but now I can’t do anything.
    Source: Violet Super, Violet Cooking (VSu-01) | read full text
    Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Play
  58. kúkuum   vúra   ta-nu-p-ipêer   itíhaan   vaa   vúra   áhup   nu-kyâa-ti  
    again   Intensive   PERF-1pl(>3)-ITER-say.to   always   that   Intensive   wood   1pl(>3)-make-DUR  
    Again we told each other, “We’re always gathering wood.”
    Source: Violet Super, Violet Working (VSu-04) | read full text
  59. mama   had   three   tubs   ta-nu   axyár   ta--kyav   p-oo-pithxáh-eesh  
                PERF-1pl(>3)   full   PERF-1pl(>3)-make   NOMZ-3s(>3)-wash-FUT  
    Mama had three tubs, we- we filled them, when she was going to do the wash.
    Source: Violet Super, Violet Working (VSu-04) | read full text
  60. ta'ítam   axváha   u-kyâa-heen  
    so   pitch   3s(>3)-make-ANT  
    Then he got pitch.
    Source: Chester Pepper, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-03) | read full text
  61. chavúra   kúkuum   vaa   káan   u-máh   asiktávaan-sa   astiip   áhup   kun-ikyáa-vanaa-tih  
    finally   again   so   there   3s(>3)-see   woman-PL   shore   wood   3pl(>3s)-make-PL-DUR  
    Finally he saw women there on the bank again, they were gathering wood.
    Source: Chester Pepper, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-03) | read full text
  62. poorá-piit   ni-kyâa-vish   káru   vúra   nani-voonvánaach   káru   akvákir   káru   vúra   nani-yukúkuh  
    pants-new   1s(>3)-make-FUT   also   Intensive   1sPOSS-shirt   also   quiver   also   Intensive   1sPOSS-shoe(s)  
    I'll make new pants and my shirt and a quiver and my shoes."
    Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-04) | read full text
  63. xás   t-oo   mah   astíip   sah'áhup   kun-ikyáa-vunaa-tih  
    then   PERF-3s(>3)   see   shore   driftwood   3pl(>3s)-make-PL-DUR  
    And he saw, they were gathering driftwood on the shore.
    Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-04) | read full text
  64. miník   kii-kxúrik-eesh-ap   yâamach   kii-kyâa-vish-ap  
    of.course   1/3>2pl-mark-FUT-INV   pretty   1/3>2pl-make-FUT-INV  
    I'll paint you, I'll make you pretty!"
    Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-05) | read full text
  65. xás   u-píip   miník   ni-kyâa-vunaa  
    then   3s(>3)-say   of.course   1s(>3)-make-PL  
    And he said, "I'll fix them!"
    Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Goes to a War Dance" (WB_KL-06) | read full text
  66. xás   vaa   vúra   koovúra   kun-ikyá-vunaa-tih  
    then   so   Intensive   all   3pl(>3s)-make-PL-DUR  
    And they were all twining.
    Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Goes to the Sky" (WB_KL-08) | read full text
  67. kári   xás   u-píip   fâat   iimkun   ku-kyâa-tih  
    then   then   3s(>3)-say   what   2pl.   2pl(>3)-make-DUR  
    And he said, "What do you do?"
    Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote Trades Songs and Goes to the Sky" (WB_KL-09) | read full text
  68. koovúra   ník   kun-ikyâavarihva   -'aah   kun-kupee-kyâa-h-eesh  
    all   a.little   3pl(>3s)-try   NOMZ-fire   3pl(>3s)-MODAL-make-Modal-FUT  
    They tried everything to make fire.
    Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Steals Fire" (WB_KL-10) | read full text
  69. xás   kári   koovúra   p-eeshnanich-'íshiip-sha   kuma-'áraar   yíchaach   ú-kyav  
    then   then   all   the-light-most-PL   3sPOSS-human   together   3s(>3)-make  
    So he gathered together all the swiftest people.
    Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Steals Fire" (WB_KL-10) | read full text
  70. yâamach   vúra   kii-kyâa-vish-ap  
    pretty   Intensive   1/3>2pl-make-FUT-INV  
    I'll make you pretty."
    Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Steals Fire" (WB_KL-10) | read full text
  71. púyava   máruk   xás   áhup   sú'      kun-máhyaan   túr      kun-íkyav  
    you.see   uphill   then   wood   inside   PERF   3pl(>3s)-put.in   packbasket.load   PERF   3pl(>3s)-make  
    Uphill they put wood in them, they make a basket-load.
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote As Lawmaker" (WB_KL-15) | read full text
  72. mâaka   kíxumnipaa-k   asimváram   t-óo   kyâa-heen   pa-keechxâach  
    little.uphill   corner.of.house.pit-Locative   bed   PERF-3s(>3)   make-ANT   the-widow.(old)  
    In the uphill corner the widow had made a bed.
    Source: Lottie Beck, "The Perils of Weasel" (WB_KL-18) | read full text
  73. xás   ú-kyav   -yuux   ú-kyav   ú-kyav  
    then   3s(>3)-make   the-dirt   3s(>3)-make   3s(>3)-make  
    And he fixed sand, he fixed it and fixed it.
    Source: Daisy Jones, "The Perils of Weasel" (WB_KL-20) | read full text
  74. xás   pihnîich   u-piip   yôotva   íf   yáv      née-kyav  
    then   old.man   3s(>3)-say   hurray!   truly   good   PERF   2s/3s>1s-make  
    And the old man said, "Hurray, I'm really doing well.
    Source: Daisy Jones, "The Perils of Weasel" (WB_KL-20) | read full text
  75. xás   u-xus   chími   kan-ikyav   xuskáamhar  
    then   3s(>3)-think   soon   1s(>3)-make   bow  
    And he thought, "Let me make a bow."
    Source: Daisy Jones, "The Perils of Weasel" (WB_KL-20) | read full text
  76. xás   ú-kyav  
    then   3s(>3)-make  
    So he made it.
    Source: Daisy Jones, "The Perils of Weasel" (WB_KL-20) | read full text
  77. xás   aah   t-óo   kyav  
    then   fire   PERF-3s(>3)   make  
    Then he made a fire.
    Source: Lottie Beck, "The Greedy Father" (WB_KL-23) | read full text
  78. á 'iknêechhan   pa-mu-'îin   u-kyâa-nik  
    falcon   the-3sPOSS-falls   3s(>3)-make-ANC  
    Duck Hawk made his falls (there).
    Source: Lottie Beck, "Duck Hawk and His Wife" (WB_KL-25) | read full text
  79. xás   u-píip   pirishkâarim   á'   nu-tákararih-eesh   súrukam   aah   ni-kyâ-avish   pa-pu-pasupíichva-haak  
    then   3s(>3)-say   grizzly   above   1pl(>3)-hang-FUT   under   fire   1s(>3)-make-FUT   NOMZ-NEG-reveal-when  
    Then Grizzly Bear said, "I'll hang you up, I'll make a fire under you if you don't tell."
    Source: Mamie Offield, "Duck Hawk and His Wife" (WB_KL-27) | read full text
  80. kári   xás   vaa   káan   xás   itháhaas   ú-kyav  
    then   then   so   there   then   scattered   3s(>3)-make  
    And she scattered them there
    Source: Mamie Offield, "Duck Hawk and His Wife" (WB_KL-27) | read full text
  81. kíri   naa   vúra   kích   yaas'arara-'îin   na-'áam-ti   káru   tápas   nee-kyâa-vish  
    I.wish   1sg.   Intensive   only   humankind-TOPIC   2s/3s>1s-eat-DUR   also   real   2s/3s>1s-make-FUT  
    May Mankind eat me alone and take care of me!"
    Source: Lottie Beck, "The Story of Tan Oak Acorn" (WB_KL-30) | read full text
  82. káru   uum   pa-'asiktávaan   atahári   vúra   kun-ikyáviichvu-tih   ávaha   kun-ikyáa-tih  
    also   3.SG   the-woman   always   Intensive   3pl(>3s)-work-DUR   food   3pl(>3s)-make-DUR  
    And the women were always working, they were gathering food.
    Source: Julia Starritt, "The Bear and the Deer" (WB_KL-32) | read full text
  83. kâarim   u-kyáa-ti   pee-hnohá-'anamahach  
    bad   3s(>3)-make-flicker   the-wife-little  
    She treated the little wife badly.
    Source: Julia Starritt, "The Bear and the Deer" (WB_KL-32) | read full text
  84. xás   vúra   kâarim   u-kyáa-tih  
    then   Intensive   bad   3s(>3)-make-DUR  
    And she treated her badly.
    Source: Julia Starritt, "The Bear and the Deer" (WB_KL-32) | read full text
  85. áathva   u-kyáa-tih  
    be.afraid   3s(>3)-make-DUR  
    She made her afraid.
    Source: Julia Starritt, "The Bear and the Deer" (WB_KL-32) | read full text
  86. xás   kári   pa-'avansáxiich   aah   ú-kyav   ikmaháchraam  
    then   then   the-boy   fire   3s(>3)-make   sweathouse  
    Then the boy made a fire in the sweathouse.
    Source: Julia Starritt, "The Bear and the Deer" (WB_KL-32) | read full text
  87. xás   pa-'avansáxiich   u-p-íshkaakrupuk   sákriiv   vúra   ú-kyav   -chivchak  
    then   the-boy   3s(>3)-ITER-jump.outdoors   hard   Intensive   3s(>3)-make   the-door  
    Then the boy jumped out again, he made the door tight.
    Source: Julia Starritt, "The Bear and the Deer" (WB_KL-32) | read full text
  88. kári   xás   u-xus   tîi   kan-máh-i   hûut   áta   p-oo-kup-eekyâa-hi-tih  
    then   then   3s(>3)-think   let...   1s(>3)-see-IMPER   how   maybe   NOMZ-3s(>3)-MODAL-make-Modal-DUR  
    And she thought, "Let me see how she makes it!"
    Source: Mamie Offield, "How Deer Meat Was Lost and Regained" (WB_KL-33) | read full text
  89. kári   xás   kun-piip   chimi   nu-paríshriihv-i   chimi   aan   nu-kyav  
    then   then   3pl(>3s)-say   soon   1pl(>3)-twine-IMPER   soon   string   1pl(>3)-make  
    And they said, "Let's twine, let's make string!
    Source: Mamie Offield, "How Deer Meat Was Lost and Regained" (WB_KL-33) | read full text
  90. púyava   koovúra   pa-xah   koovúra   mukún-'aan   kun-íkyav  
    you.see   all   the-spider   all   3plPOSS-string   3pl(>3s)-make  
    And all the spiders, all made their string.
    Source: Mamie Offield, "How Deer Meat Was Lost and Regained" (WB_KL-33) | read full text
  91. kári   xás   ú-kyav  
    then   then   3s(>3)-make  
    And he got them.
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Lizard and Grizzly Bear" (WB_KL-34) | read full text
  92. kári   xás   vúra   uum   yâamach   ú-kyav   vúra   ú-kyav  
    then   then   Intensive   3.SG   pretty   3s(>3)-make   Intensive   3s(>3)-make  
    And he fixed them pretty, he fixed them.
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Lizard and Grizzly Bear" (WB_KL-34) | read full text
  93. kári   xás   imyá   ú-kyav  
    then   then   breath   3s(>3)-make  
    And he made a heart.
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Lizard and Grizzly Bear" (WB_KL-34) | read full text
  94. kári   xás   inhírip   ú-kyav   p-eemyah  
    then   then   lace   3s(>3)-make   the-breath  
    Then he put the heart on a string.
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Lizard and Grizzly Bear" (WB_KL-34) | read full text
  95. kári   xás   koovúra   kuma-'ávaha   yíchaach   kun-íkyav  
    then   then   all   3sPOSS-food   together   3pl(>3s)-make  
    So they gathered all kinds of food.
    Source: Mamie Offield, "The Story of Slug" (WB_KL-38) | read full text
  96. púyava   vúra   uum      taay   ta   kun-íkyav  
    you.see   Intensive   3.SG   PERF   much   PERF   3pl(>3s)-make  
    So there was a lot, they gathered it.
    Source: Mamie Offield, "The Story of Slug" (WB_KL-38) | read full text
  97. vaa   kumá'ii   pa-'áathva   u-kyáa-vunaa-ti  
    that   because.of   NOMZ-be.afraid   3s(>3)-make-PL-DUR  
    That's why he scared them.
    Source: Mamie Offield, "The Story of Slug" (WB_KL-38) | read full text
  98. xás   pa-kun-ikyáa-vunaa-ti   kun-'ífik-vunaa-tih  
    then   NOMZ-3pl(>3s)-make-PL-DUR   3pl(>3s)-pick.up-PL-DUR  
    And when the women gathered (food), they picked up (acorns).
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Story of Bear" (WB_KL-40) | read full text
  99. xás   ú-p-aanik   xasík   ahíram   u-kyâa-vish  
    then   3s(>3)-say-ANC   then.(future)   fireplace   3s(>3)-make-FUT  
    He said, "(The priest) will build a fire."
    Source: Chester Pepper, "The Origin of the Pikiawish" (WB_KL-47) | read full text
  100. vaa   xás   -'aah   u-kyâa-nik   xás   yánava   u-tháaniv  
    so   then   the-fire   3s(>3)-make-ANC   then   visible   3s(>3)-sit  
    Then he built the fire, and then they saw him lying there.
    Source: Chester Pepper, "The Origin of the Pikiawish" (WB_KL-47) | read full text
  101. p-eekxaréeyav   vúra   uum   kun-ikyâa-nik  
    the-spirit.person   Intensive   3.SG   3pl(>3s)-make-ANC  
    The gods made it.
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Origin of the Pikiawish" (WB_KL-48) | read full text
  102. fatavéenaan   kun-íkyav  
    priest.in.world-renewal   3pl(>3s)-make  
    They made a priest.
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Origin of the Pikiawish" (WB_KL-48) | read full text
  103. kári   xás   u-xús   man'áta   pákuri   ni-kyâa-vish  
    then   then   3s(>3)-think   maybe   song   1s(>3)-make-FUT  
    And she thought, "Maybe I'll make a song.
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Medicine for the Return of a Sweetheart" (WB_KL-49) | read full text
  104. xás   mu-pírish   ú-kyav   pa-sáhyuux  
    then   3sPOSS-plant   3s(>3)-make   the-sand  
    And he made his 'medicine,' it was (composed of) sand.
    Source: Chester Pepper, "Love Medicine" (WB_KL-51) | read full text
  105. yúruk   ithivthaneen'ípan   káan   xás   mu-kxurarahíram   ú-kyav  
    downriver   at.end.of.world   there   then   3sPOSS-campsite   3s(>3)-make  
    He made his camp at the downriver end of the world.
    Source: Chester Pepper, "Love Medicine" (WB_KL-51) | read full text
  106. káan   xás   u-xús   chími   ôok   ikxurarahíram   kan-íkyav  
    there   then   3s(>3)-think   soon   here   campsite   1s(>3)-make  
    There he thought, "Let me make camp here!"
    Source: Chester Pepper, "Love Medicine" (WB_KL-51) | read full text
  107. ta'ítam   u-kyâa-heen  
    so   3s(>3)-make-ANT  
    So he made it.
    Source: Chester Pepper, "Love Medicine" (WB_KL-51) | read full text
  108. kári   xás   u-xus   xâatik   tápas   ni-kyáa-vunaa  
    then   then   3s(>3)-think   it's.better   real   1s(>3)-make-PL  
    And he thought, "Let me take care of them."
    Source: Chester Pepper, "Medicine for the Return of Wives" (WB_KL-52) | read full text
  109. kári   xás   vaa   kun-kúupha   mukun-íkriv   kun-ikyâa-heen  
    then   then   so   3pl(>3s)-do   3plPOSS-living   3pl(>3s)-make-ANT  
    And they did this, they made their living.
    Source: Chester Pepper, "Medicine for the Return of Wives" (WB_KL-52) | read full text
  110. ta'ítam   pírish   ú-kyav  
    so   plant   3s(>3)-make  
    And he made medicine.
    Source: Chester Pepper, "Deer-hunting Medicine" (WB_KL-53) | read full text
  111. xás   u-xus   chími   pa-naní-vaas   kan-íkyav  
    then   3s(>3)-think   soon   the-1sPOSS-blanket   1s(>3)-make  
    And he thought, "Let me make my blanket!"
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Boy from Itúkuk" (WB_KL-57) | read full text
  112. xás   furáx-vaas   ú-kyav   káru   furax-yukúku   káru   furax-vánakaar  
    then   woodpecker.head-blanket   3s(>3)-make   also   woodpecker.head-shoe(s)   also   woodpecker.head-turtleneck.sweater  
    So he made a woodpecker-head blanket, and woodpecker-head shoes and a woodpecker-head vánakaar (a shirtlike garment).
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Boy from Itúkuk" (WB_KL-57) | read full text
  113. káru   taay   ík   vúra   yáfus   i-kyâa-vish  
    also   much   must   Intensive   dress   2s(>3)-make-FUT  
    And you must make many dresses.
    Source: Mamie Offield, "A Trip to the Land of the Dead" (WB_KL-58) | read full text
  114. ta'ítam   uum   káru   u-vík-aheen   káru   ú-kyav   pa-yáfus  
    so   3.SG   also   3s(>3)-weave-ANT   also   3s(>3)-make   the-dress  
    So she too wove and made the dresses.
    Source: Mamie Offield, "A Trip to the Land of the Dead" (WB_KL-58) | read full text
  115. kári   xás   kun-ipéer   mâa   kâam   vuhvúha   u-kyáa-ti   pa-kúth   i-vúrayvu-tih  
    then   then   3pl(>3s)-say.to   look!   little.upriver   deerskin.dance   3s(>3)-make-DUR   NOMZ-because.of   2s(>3)-go.around-DUR  
    And (the old woman) said, "Look, the one you are wandering around for is making a deerskin dance uphill.
    Source: Mamie Offield, "A Trip to the Land of the Dead" (WB_KL-58) | read full text
  116. kári   xás   pa-makáyvaas   vaa   kích   tápas   kun-íkyav  
    then   then   the-cloth   so   only   real   3pl(>3s)-make  
    And they kept only the cloth.
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "The White Man's Gifts" (WB_KL-65) | read full text
  117. vaa   arará-'uup      kun-íkyav  
    so   human-possession   PERF   3pl(>3s)-make  
    They made Indian treasure of it.
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "The White Man's Gifts" (WB_KL-65) | read full text
  118. xás   ishkêesh-ak   imvír   kun-íkyav  
    then   river-Locative   fishery   3pl(>3s)-make  
    And they made fisheries in the river.
    Source: Maggie Charley, "Indian Food" (WB_KL-68) | read full text
  119. xás   pimnaníhraam   vaa   káan   kun-íkyav  
    then   summer.camp   so   there   3pl(>3s)-make  
    And they made a summer-camp there.
    Source: Maggie Charley, "Indian Food" (WB_KL-68) | read full text
  120. pufích'aan   t-óo   kyav  
    string.for.snares   PERF-3s(>3)   make  
    They made twine for deer-traps.
    Source: Maggie Charley, "Indian Food" (WB_KL-68) | read full text
  121. xás   áh-kaam   t-óo   kyav  
    then   fire-large   PERF-3s(>3)   make  
    And they made a big fire.
    Source: Maggie Charley, "Indian Food" (WB_KL-68) | read full text
  122. píshiip   imvír      kun-íkyav  
    first   fishery   PERF   3pl(>3s)-make  
    First they made a fishing platform.
    Source: Julia Starritt, "Salmon Fishing" (WB_KL-69) | read full text
  123. pa-'urípi   uum   vâaram   u-kyâa-hi-tih  
    the-net   3.SG   long   3s(>3)-make-ESS-DUR  
    The net was made long.
    Source: Julia Starritt, "Salmon Fishing" (WB_KL-69) | read full text
  124. pa-púufich   kun-'ákunvu-naa-ti   víri-va   ánav      kun-íkyam   máh'iit  
    NOMZ-deer   3pl(>3s)-hunt-PL-DUR   so-so   medicine   PERF   3pl(>3s)-make   morning  
    When they hunted deer, they made medicine in the morning.
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Deer Hunting" (WB_KL-70) | read full text
  125. púyava   îikam   áh-kaam      kun-íkyav  
    you.see   outdoors   fire-large   PERF   3pl(>3s)-make  
    So they made a big fire outdoors.
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Bear Hunting" (WB_KL-71) | read full text
  126. púyava   aah      kun-íkyav  
    you.see   fire   PERF   3pl(>3s)-make  
    They built a fire.
    Source: Julia Starritt, "Making Acorn Soup" (WB_KL-73) | read full text
  127. xás   takiríram   t-óo   kyav  
    then   acorn-leaching.hole   PERF-3s(>3)   make  
    And they made a leaching-hole.
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Making Acorn Soup" (WB_KL-74) | read full text
  128. iváxra   t-óo   kyav  
    dry   PERF-3s(>3)   make  
    They made it dry.
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "Making Acorn Soup" (WB_KL-74) | read full text
  129. -piish   kun-ikyâa-ti   uum   xás      kun-píishha  
    NOMZ-soaked.acorns   3pl(>3s)-make-DUR   3.SG   then   PERF   3pl(>3s)-soak.acorns  
    When they made píish, they soaked acorns.
    Source: Julia Starritt, "Soaking Acorns" (WB_KL-75) | read full text
  130. p-eekmaháchraam   uum   yíth   u-kup-eekyâa-hi-ti   káru   p-eekrívraam   uum   vúra   yith  
    the-sweathouse   3.SG   other   3s(>3)-MODAL-make-Modal-DUR   also   the-house   3.SG   Intensive   other  
    The sweathouse was made one way and the living-house another.
    Source: Julia Starritt, "The Sweathouse" (WB_KL-76) | read full text
  131. xás   vaa   káan   -'aah   kun-ikyâa-tih  
    then   so   there   the-fire   3pl(>3s)-make-DUR  
    And they made the fire there.
    Source: Julia Starritt, "The Sweathouse" (WB_KL-76) | read full text
  132. xás   pa-   kun-píkniihva-haak   -'aah      kun-íkyav   vaa   kun-íhruuv-ti   tahpus-'áptiik  
    then   NOMZ-PERF   3pl(>3s)-sweat.self-when   the-fire   PERF   3pl(>3s)-make   so   3pl(>3s)-use-DUR   young.fir.tree-branch  
    And when they sweated themselves, they made the fire, they used fir boughs.
    Source: Julia Starritt, "The Sweathouse" (WB_KL-76) | read full text
  133. xás   vaa   imfiráriik      kun-íkyav   vúra  
    then   so   hot.place   PERF   3pl(>3s)-make   Intensive  
    And they made it a hot place.
    Source: Julia Starritt, "The Sweathouse" (WB_KL-76) | read full text
  134. xás   u-kyâa-hi-ti   pa-káan   kun-iváxraahmath-ti   pa-'áama   káru   vúra   fâat   vúra   pa-kun-tâarahi-tih  
    then   3s(>3)-make-ESS-DUR   NOMZ-there   3pl(>3s)-dry.(something)-DUR   the-salmon   also   Intensive   what   Intensive   NOMZ-3pl(>3s)-have-DUR  
    And they were made so that they dried fish there and whatever (else) they had.
    Source: Julia Starritt, "The Living-house" (WB_KL-77) | read full text
  135. xás   apmáan   t-u-'áakvar   xás   taay   vúra   xúnxun   t-óo   kyav  
    then   mouth   PERF-3s(>3)-put.into   then   much   Intensive   phlegm   PERF-3s(>3)   make  
    Then she put her hands in her mouth, and she made a lot of phlegm.
    Source: Julia Starritt, "The Sucking Doctor" (WB_KL-80) | read full text
  136. púyava   páy   uum   pa-pirish-'ánav   kun-kupee-kyâa-hi-tih  
    you.see   this   3.SG   the-plant-medicine   3pl(>3s)-MODAL-make-Modal-DUR  
    That’s how they made plant medicine.
    Source: Julia Starritt, "The Sweating Doctor" (WB_KL-81) | read full text
  137. víri-va   pa-t-óo   thárish   pee-krívkir   sákriiv   u-kyâa-ti   pee-thívthaaneen  
    so-INDEF   NOMZ-PERF-3s(>3)   put.down   the-disk-seat   hard   3s(>3)-make-DUR   the-land  
    When he put the stool down on the ground, he was making the world firm.
    Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Pikiawish at Katimin" (WB_KL-83) | read full text
  138. surukúnvuunup   vaa   káan   aah   kun-ikyâa-tih   kun-íshriim-tih  
    Sing-Ho.Bar   so   there   fire   3pl(>3s)-make-DUR   3pl(>3s)-shoot.at.targets-DUR  
    They made a fire there at surukúnvuunup (Sing-Ho Bar), they shot at targets.
    Source: Maggie Charley, "The Pikiawish at Clear Creek" (WB_KL-84) | read full text
  139. xás   vaa   yíiv   yúruk   xumvaroo-máruk   áh-kaam   t-óo   kyav  
    then   so   far   downriver   placename-uphill   fire-large   PERF-3s(>3)   make  
    And he made a big fire far downriver, uphill from xumvároov.
    Source: Maggie Charley, "The Pikiawish at Clear Creek" (WB_KL-84) | read full text
  140. aah   t-óo   kyav  
    fire   PERF-6175   make  
    He made a fire.
    Source: Maggie Charley, "The Pikiawish at Clear Creek" (WB_KL-84) | read full text
  141. aah   píshiich      kun-íkyav  
    fire   first   PERF   3pl(>3s)-make  
    First they built a fire.
    Source: Emily Donahue, "Preparing Basket Materials" (WB_KL-85) | read full text
  142. xás   iváxra      -kyav  
    then   dry   PERF   1pl(>3)-make  
    Then we dried them.
    Source: Emily Donahue, "Preparing Basket Materials" (WB_KL-85) | read full text
  143. xás   pa-mukun-yafusa-yêepsha   vúra   uum   yâamach   u-kyâah-ahi-tih  
    then   the-3plPOSS-dress-good.(pl.)   Intensive   3.SG   pretty   3s(>3)-make-ESS-DUR  
    And their good dresses were made pretty.
    Source: Julia Starritt, "Indian Clothes" (WB_KL-86) | read full text
  144. xás   pa-tíiptiip   uum   aaxkúnish   u-kyâa-hi-tih  
    then   the-Woodwardia.fern   3.SG   red   3s(>3)-make-ESS-DUR  
    And the chain fern was made red.
    Source: Julia Starritt, "Indian Clothes" (WB_KL-86) | read full text
  145. Ramona   uum   kêeks   u-kyâa-ti   óok  
    Ramona   3.SG   cake   3s(>3)-make-DUR   here  
    Ramona is here making a cake.
    Source: Julia Starritt, "A Birthday Party" (WB_KL-89) | read full text
  146. káan   ára   áxak   yítha   uum   fâatva   âapun   u-kyâa-tih  
    there   person   two   one   3.SG   something   on.the.ground   3s(>3)-make-DUR  
    Two people are there, one is doing something on the ground.
    Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full text
  147. naa   vúra   pufâat   nee-kyáa-tih-ara  
    1sg.   Intensive   nothing   1s(>3)-make-DUR-NEG  
    I'm not doing anything.
    Source: Various speakers, "Miscellaneous Sentences" (WB_KV) | read full text