Karuk Dictionary
by William Bright and Susan Gehr (© Karuk Tribe)
This is the public version of Ararahih'urípih. Click here for the password-protected private version (which includes some restricted-access text content).
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káru also, too, and
Dictionary Entry
lexicon ID #3752 | revised Aug 22 2005
káru • PCL • also, too, and
Derivatives (3)
pichkanú'anamahach "a small denomination of dentalium, smaller than piitháru"
piithkáru "small size of dentalium, 14 shells to the string"
pithkarú'anamahach "a small denomination of dentalium, smaller than piithkáru "
Source: WB 842, p.359
Note: Equiv. to ka'íru.
- chôora, iimkun káru. Let's go, you (all) too. [Reference: Richardson 1993:16]
- asiktávaan uum vúra imxathakêem káruheesh. Woman is also going to be bad-smelling. [Reference: TK 94.12]
Short recordings (4) | Sentence examples (327)
Include derivatives: yes | no
Display mode: sentence | word | word components
naa káru ni-vâaram-eesh 1sg. also 1s(>3)-go-FUT I'm coming. Source: Charlie Thom, Sr., Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (CT-01) | read full text
Spoken by Charlie Thom, Sr. | Download | Playnaa káru ni-'áhoo-vish 1sg. also 1s(>3)-go-FUT I'm going to walk. Source: Charlie Thom, Sr., Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (CT-01) | read full text
Spoken by Charlie Thom, Sr. | Download | Playfâat kumá'ii pa-naní-taat káru pa-nani-'áka tá kun-iyâaram fâat kumá'ii what because.of the-1sPOSS-mother also the-1sPOSS-father PERF 3pl(>3s)-(two.people).go what because.of Why did they take my father and mother away? Source: Charlie Thom, Sr., How Charlie Grew Up (CT-02) | read full text
Spoken by Charlie Thom, Sr. | Download | Playxas mu-yiimúsich káru ník u-'áraarahi-ti áxak yeeripáxvuh-sa kaan kun-'iin then 3sPOSS-little.ways.off also a.little 3s(>3)-live.(pl.)-DUR two adolescent.girl-PL there 3pl(>3s)-(two).be And (others) lived close by. Two girls lived there. Source: Margaret Harrie, "The Ten Young Men who Became the Pleiades" (DAF_KT-02) | read full textkáru u-mnîish-ti pa-kun-'áv-eesh pa-kun-pavyíihuk-ahaak also 3s(>3)-cook-DUR NOMZ-3pl(>3s)-eat-FUT NOMZ-3pl(>3s)-come.back.(pl.)-when Also he was doing the cooking so they should find their meal ready when they came home. Source: Margaret Harrie, "The Ten Young Men who Became the Pleiades" (DAF_KT-02) | read full textitráhyar pa-'asíp-iit-sa káru vaa kóohoo imvarám-piit-sa káru itráhyar síkih ten the-bowl-new-PL little.ways.off that as.much.as plate-new-PL also ten spoon There were ten new bowls, and also ten new plates, and also ten spoons. Source: Margaret Harrie, "The Ten Young Men who Became the Pleiades" (DAF_KT-02) | read full textxas pa-'asiktávaan-sa káru áhup tá kun-túrar then the-woman-PL also wood PERF 3pl(>3s)-go.gather.wood Then the women went out to fetch firewood. Source: Margaret Harrie, "The Ten Young Men who Became the Pleiades" (DAF_KT-02) | read full textkáru kun-tharámpuk also 3pl(>3s)-cook.acorn.soup They cooked. Source: Margaret Harrie, "The Ten Young Men who Became the Pleiades" (DAF_KT-02) | read full textkáru pa-'axíit-ich-as uum ataynamtunvêech kun-párihish also the-child-DIM-PL 3.SG Pleiades 3pl(>3s)-be.transformed And the children turned into the Pleiades. Source: Margaret Harrie, "The Ten Young Men who Became the Pleiades" (DAF_KT-02) | read full textkáruma vúra tá nee-kvúrish káru vúra tá na-xuniháyaachha xás pa-nani'-akunvarasímsiim mûuk ni-párupkurih in.fact Intensive PERF 1s-be.tired also Intensive PERF 1s-be.very.hungry then the-1sPOSS-hunting.knife with.(by.means.of) 1s(>3)-chisel.into But I was getting tired and I was hungry besides. I took my hunting knife and began chiselling. Source: Benonie Harrie, "Coyote Pups" (DAF_KT-05a) | read full textitnoopámahich ník kana-'êeh xás váa káru vúra pa-'íshpuk púva-xay kana-'êeh-ap káruma chími-heesh itha-kûusrah véenik mit pa-ni-ykára-naa-t five.each a.little 3pl>1s-give then so also Intensive the-dentalium.shells not.yet-not 3pl>1s-give-INV in.fact soon-FUT one-sun ago near.past NOMZ-1s(>3)-beat-PL-PAST They would scarcely give me five dollars apiece for them. And even that money they haven't paid me yet, and it's almost a month since I killed them. Source: Benonie Harrie, "Coyote Pups" (DAF_KT-05a) | read full textkaru kâakum kuma-tupichas--h-á-yaach-as xakinivki'itráhyar chávura ni-mma koovura also some 3sPOSS-small.ones-DENOM-DEVERB-Intensive-PL seventy finally 1s(>3)-see all Then there were a lot of smaller ones, so that in the end I had seventy dollars in all. Source: Benonie Harrie, "How I Found Gold" (DAF_KT-05b) | read full textkáru uumkun pu-ikyâa-tih also they NEG-make-DUR Why didn't they do it themselves? Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text
Spoken by Grace Davis | Download | PlayHey vaa pa-ni-máh-ara-ti naa káru Violet vaa pay Hey so NOMZ-1s(>3)-see-INST-DUR 1sg. also Violet so this I copy that too, like Violet ... Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text
Spoken by Madeline Davis | Download | Playiim káru vúra vaa mí-kyav 2sg. also Intensive so 2sPOSS-making That's your way of doing it. Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text
Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Playnaa káru vúra vaa naní-kuupha naa káru vúra iim vaa mí-kuupha vaa p-ee-páathkuri káru 1sg. also Intensive so 1sPOSS-doing 1sg. also Intensive 2sg. so 2sPOSS-doing so NOMZ-2s(>3)-throw.into also That's my way of doing it, and that's your way of doing it, when you throw it in the water. Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text
Spoken by Madeline Davis | Download | Playkáru uum yíth kun-kupee-kyâa-hi-tih also 3.SG other 3pl(>3s)-MODAL-make-Modal-DUR They make a different kind for that. Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text
Spoken by Grace Davis | Download | Playkáru pa-pufich-'imváram uum yith also the-deer-plate 3.SG other And the deermeat plate is different. Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text
Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Playvaa káru it's weaved real tight, about that big, mama made one so also it's weaved real tight, about that big, mama made one That one, it's weaved real tight, about that big, mama made one. Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text
Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Playvaa káru hûut u-kupheesh so also how 3s(>3)-will.do So what happens? Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text
Spoken by Grace Davis | Download | Playmanâa naa káru ni-kuphêesh ayu'âach pa--sand vúra vaa maybe 1sg. also 1s(>3)-will.do it.was.because the--sand Intensive so That's what I do too, because of the sand. Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text
Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Playvaa káru vúra ník pa-pot so also Intensive a.little the-pot That's all the same, the pot. Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text
Spoken by Madeline Davis | Download | Playkáru pa-'arará-hi nu-'úuhyana-ti vaa i-piip pot also the-human-language 1pl(>3)-speak-DUR so 2s(>3)-say pot We're [supposed to be] talking Indian language, and then you say "pot." Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text
Spoken by Madeline Davis | Download | Playnaa káru 1sg. also Me too. Source: Julian Lang, Vina Smith, Conversation: Julian's Day (JL-VS-01) | read full text
Spoken by Julian Lang | Download | Playkári xás vúra taay pa-nu-'íish-tih káru áam-tih then then Intensive much NOMZ-1pl(>3)-drink-DUR also eat-DUR We ate and drank a lot. Source: Julian Lang, Vina Smith, Conversation: Julian's Day (JL-VS-01) | read full text
Spoken by Julian Lang | Download | Playxás kun-íppéer iim kyáru vura xáy faat ík ôok i-páfyuk iim kyáru vura pu-'ôok ikr-êevish-ara achvúun kun-íppéer then 3pl(>3s)-say.to 2sg. also Intensive don't! must here 2s(>3)-come.around.again 2sg. also Intensive NEG-here live-FUT-NEG hookbill.salmon 3pl(>3s)-say.to And they told him: "You yourself must not come around here, you too are not going to stay here," they told Hookbill. Source: Yaas, "How Buzzard Became Bald" (JPH_KT-01b) | read full textkáru uum achvúun ú-paanik "naa vúra pishîich yaas'ára îin ná-'aam-tih-eesh pa-ni-'îipma-haak also 3.SG hookbill.salmon 3s(>3)-say.(ancient) "1sg. Intensive first rich.person TOPIC 2s/3s>1s-eat-DUR-FUT NOMZ-1s(>3)-return-when And Hookbill said: “Human will eat me the first thing, when I get there.” Source: Yaas, "How Fish were Transformed" (JPH_KT-07) | read full textkáru akraah uum ú-paanik "naa káru pishîich ni-'ípak-tih-eesh xátikrupma also eel 3.SG 3s(>3)-say.(ancient) "1sg. also first 1s(>3)-come.back-DUR-FUT springtime And the Eel said: “I will also get there first in the spring.” Source: Yaas, "How Fish were Transformed" (JPH_KT-07) | read full textuum vúra v-oo-kupi-tti' pa-t-óo kxáramha kári t-óo p-chanchákkar káru pa-t-u-súpaaha kári kyúkkuum t-u-'êetchúr-ar pa-t-u-súpaaha' t-u-chánchaaksur-ar pa-t-u-súpaaha' 3.SG Intensive so-3s(>3)-do-DUR NOMZ-PERF-3s(>3) be.night then PERF-3s(>3) ITER-go.to.close.roof-hatch also NOMZ-PERF-3s(>3)-become.day then again PERF-3s(>3)-take.off.of-go.to NOMZ-PERF-3s(>3)-become.day PERF-3s(>3)-close.roof-hatch-go.to NOMZ-PERF-3s(>3)-become.day He [Coyote] was doing that way, was closing evenings the living-house roof hole and mornings opened it up, when morning came, opened it when morning came. Source: Fritz Hansen, "Coyote Falls through the Living-House Roof Hole" (JPH_KT-12) | read full textuum káru káan ú-krii kachakâachich 3.SG also there 3s(>3)-live bluejay.(dim.) Bluejay was also living there. Source: Phoebe Maddux, "Bluejay Myth" (JPH_PHM-24-343a) | read full textêem káru apurúvaan doctor also sorcerer She was a doctor and sorcerer. Source: Phoebe Maddux, "Bluejay Myth" (JPH_PHM-24-343a) | read full textvaa vúra púrith u-mússahi-ti kúna vúra axvíththirar u-mússahi-ti pa-chishihpúrith uxraháthkaay pa-ppírish káru vúra axvíththirar-kunish so Intensive huckleberry 3s(>3)-look-DUR in.addition Intensive dirty 3s(>3)-look-DUR the-nightshade.sp. sour the-plant also Intensive dirty-like They look like huckleberries, but the dog huckleberries are dirty looking, they are sour, the leaves also are dirty looking. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Of All Karuk plants the Black Nightshade is Most Like Tobacco, the Whites Tell Us (JPH_TKIC-III.3) | read full textsah-ihêeraha káru mah-ihêeraha downhill-tobacco also uphill-tobacco "Downslope and Upslope Tobacco" Source: Phoebe Maddux, Downslope and Upslope Tobacco (JPH_TKIC-III.4) | read full textp-eheeraha-'íppa mu-p-ikyutunvá-ra-muu káru koovúra pa-mú-thvuy the-tobacco-tree 3sPOSS-ITER-between.joint-here-to also all the-3sPOSS-name "Morphology of the Tobacco Plant" Source: Phoebe Maddux, Morphology of the Tobacco Plant: The Plant (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A) | read full textkáakum vúra a'vári p-oo-'íif-ti káru káakum vúra âapunich some Intensive high NOMZ-3s(>3)-grow-DUR also some Intensive low Some [tobacco plants] grow low, some high. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Morphology of the Tobacco Plant: The Plant (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A) | read full textkáru vúra p-eehêeraha vúra imxathakkêem also Intensive the-tobacco Intensive bad-smelling And tobacco stinks. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Sense Characteristics (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A.a) | read full textimnak káru ámtaap coal also dust Charcoal and Ashes Source: Phoebe Maddux, Parts of the Tobacco Plant (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A.b-g) | read full textáfivarih uum p-u-'ifyayêepshah-ara p-eehêeraha ú-mvaay-ti káru vúra pathríha mûuk pathríha mûuk káru vúra ú-mvaay-ti toward.base 3.SG NEG-3s(>3)-such.good.ones-NEG the-tobacco 3s(>3)-become.wilted-DUR also Intensive rain with.(by.means.of) rain with.(by.means.of) also Intensive 3s(>3)-become.wilted-DUR Toward the base the tobacco leaves are not so good, they are wilted, they are wilted with the sunshine and also with the rain, with the rain also they are wilted. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Leaf (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A.h) | read full textkáru u-thríhahi-tih also 3s(>3)-bloom-DUR It is still blooming. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Phases of Flowering (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A.j.a1') | read full textpurafâat vúra káru kuma-'úhish utháamhí-tih-ap-hanik vúra iheeraha-'úhish vúra kích kun-iyâa-tih-anik nothing Intensive also 3sPOSS-seed plant-DUR-NEG-ANC Intensive tobacco-seed Intensive only 3pl(>3s)-make-DUR-ANC And they never sowed any kinds of seeds, they operated only with the tobacco seeds. Source: Phoebe Maddux, But They Never Packed Seeds Home (JPH_TKIC-IV.4) | read full textpurafâat vúra káru kuma-'úhish iinâak táayhi-tih-anik vúra ihêeraha kích iheeraha-'úhish vúra kich nothing Intensive also 3sPOSS-seed indoors be.many-DUR-ANC Intensive tobacco only tobacco-seed Intensive only And they never had any kind of seeds stored in the houses, only the tobacco, the tobacco seeds. Source: Phoebe Maddux, But They Never Packed Seeds Home (JPH_TKIC-IV.4) | read full textithríhar káru vúra pu-'ínâak táayhí-tih-anik flower also Intensive NEG-indoors be.many-DUR-ANC And they had no flowers in the houses either. Source: Phoebe Maddux, But They Never Packed Seeds Home (JPH_TKIC-IV.4) | read full textp-axiit-ích-as kich uumkun vúra táv kun-'ikyâa-tih-anik kun-víik-tih-anik p-eethríhar aan-mûuk aksanváhich kár axpaheekníkinach káru tiv'axnukuxnúkuhich xás vaa yúpin tá kun-púuhkhin PERF-child-DIM-PL only they Intensive visor 3pl(>3s)-make-DUR-ANC 3pl(>3s)-weave-DUR-ANC PERF-flower PERF-with.(by.means.of) flower.sp. also plant.sp. also bluebell.(dimin.) then that forehead PERF 3pl(>3s)-put.on.headband Only the children used to make a vizor, weaving the flowers with string, shooting stars, and white lilies, and bluebells, and they put it around their foreheads. Source: Phoebe Maddux, But They Never Packed Seeds Home (JPH_TKIC-IV.4) | read full textp-eethríhar káru kun-pathraam-vú-tiih-va pa-yeeripáxvuuh-sa ithasúpaa kun-pathraam-vú-tiih-va káru káakum uumkun kun-táv-tiih-va yúpin the-flower also 3pl(>3s)-wrap.hair.with-PL.ACT-DUR-PL.ACT the-adolescent.girl-PL all.day 3pl(>3s)-wrap.hair.with-PL.ACT-DUR-PL.ACT also some they 3pl(>3s)-wear.visor-DUR-PL.ACT forehead Flowers also girls wore as their hair-club wrapping, wearing them as wrapping all day, and some of them wore a vizor on the forehead. Source: Phoebe Maddux, But They Never Packed Seeds Home (JPH_TKIC-IV.4) | read full textvaa vúra ník kun-'áapunmu-tih-anik káru vaa uum yáv pa-pírish ávahkam kun-ithyúru-thuna-tih-aak pa-tá kun-p-úhthaam-pi-mara-haak so Intensive a.little 3pl(>3s)-know-DUR-ANC also so 3.SG good the-plant over 3pl(>3s)-drag-around-DUR-when NOMZ-PERF 3pl(>3s)-ITER-garden--finish.doing-when They also knew that it was good to drag a bush around on the top after sowing. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Practices Bordering on a Knowledge of Tillage (JPH_TKIC-IV.5) | read full textvaa vúra ník káru kun-áapunmu-tih-anik vaa uum yáv pa-pírish kun-vítrip-tih-aak so Intensive a.little also 3pl(>3s)-know-DUR-ANC so 3.SG good the-plant 3pl(>3s)-pull.up.(weeds)-DUR-when And they also knew that it was good to pull out weeds. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Practices Bordering on a Knowledge of Tillage (JPH_TKIC-IV.5) | read full textkoovúra pa-'áraar-as pay'ôok nu-chúuph-eesh káru all the-human-PL right.here 1pl(>3)-speak-FUT also All the Indian people here, we are also going to talk. Source: Sonny Davis, Sentences about speaking Karuk (SD-02) | read full text
Spoken by Sonny Davis | Download | Playní-muustih-eesh pa-thyuru káru 1s(>3)-look.at-FUT the-car also I am also going to look at a car. Source: Vina Smith, Sonny Davis, Sentences about driving and directions (SD-VS-02) | read full text
Spoken by Sonny Davis | Download | Playpa-naní-taat káru t-u-kéevniikich-ha the-1sPOSS-mother also PERF-3s(>3)-old.woman.(dimin.)-DENOM My mother is old too. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about asking name, adjectives (VS-02) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playiim káru t-ee-xúriha 2sg. also PERF-2s(>3)-be.hungry You are hungry, too. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about possession, locatives; words for consonants and accent (VS-08) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playnaa káru tá nee-pshéek 1sg. also PERF 1s-be.heavy I am also getting heavy. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences with words for accent (VS-10) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playnaa káru nee-pshéek-tih 1sg. also 1s-be.heavy-DUR I am also getting heavy. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences with words for accent (VS-10) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playiim káru i-mchák-vaan 2sg. also 2s(>3)-burn.oneself-REFL Did you burn yourself? Source: Vina Smith, Sentences with verb paradigms, words for accent (VS-11) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playnaa káru máruk tá ni-kfúkuraa 1sg. also uphill PERF 1s(>3)-climb.over I walked uphill too. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about spatial relations (VS-13) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playnaa káru sáruk ni-'árihfak-eesh 1sg. also downhill 1s(>3)-walk.downhill-FUT I am going to go downhill. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about spatial relations (VS-13) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playhãã naa áama karu ni-víshtaan-tih yes 1sg. salmon also 1s(>3)-like.(food)-DUR Yes, I also like salmon. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions and answers, verb tenses (VS-17) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playpa-'ápsuun káru pa-'áan xákaan vúra yav the-snake also the-string both Intensive good The snake is as long as the rope. (The snake and the rope are both good) Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about comparisons (VS-18) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | PlayAvansáxiich u-'áhoo-ti káru pa-chíshiih boy 3s(>3)-go-DUR also the-dog The boy is walking, and the dog too. Source: Vina Smith, Avansáxiich káru Chishíih káru Xanchíifich (VS-19) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | PlayPa-'avansáxiich u-sxâar-eesh káru pa-mu-chíshiih the-boy 3s(>3)-go.fishing-FUT also the-3sPOSS-dog The boy is going to go fishing with his dog. Source: Vina Smith, Avansáxiich káru Chishíih káru Xanchíifich (VS-19) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | PlayKáru pa-chishíih u-psáravriik-tih avansáxiich also the-dog 3s(>3)-help-DUR boy And the dog is helping the boy. Source: Vina Smith, Avansáxiich káru Chishíih káru Xanchíifich (VS-19) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | PlayXás pa-'avansáxiich káru pa-chishíih tá kun-máh pa-xanchíifich then the-boy also the-dog PERF 3pl(>3s)-see the-frog And the boy and the dog see the frog. Source: Vina Smith, Avansáxiich káru Chishíih káru Xanchíifich (VS-19) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | PlayXás t-óo muustih-inaa pa-'avansáxiich káru Hôoy uum pa-chishíih then PERF-3s(>3) look.at-PL the-boy also where 3.SG the-dog And he's looking at the boy and ... where's the dog? Source: Vina Smith, Avansáxiich káru Chishíih káru Xanchíifich (VS-19) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | PlayXás pa-xanchíifich t-óo múusti pa-chishiih káru pa-'avansáxiich then the-frog PERF-3s(>3) look.at the-dog also the-boy And the frog is looking at the dog and the boy. Source: Vina Smith, Avansáxiich káru Chishíih káru Xanchíifich (VS-19) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | PlayNow fâat káru Now what also "Now, what else?" Source: Vina Smith, Avansáxiich káru Chishíih káru Xanchíifich (VS-19) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | PlayKáru uum pa-xanchíifich uum t-óo skáaksur also 3.SG the-frog 3.SG PERF-3s(>3) jump.off And the frog jumped off, too. Source: Vina Smith, Avansáxiich káru Chishíih káru Xanchíifich (VS-19) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | PlayPay'ôok uum xákaan kun-'íin pa-'avansáxiich káru pa-chishiih right.here 3.SG both 3pl(>3s)-(two).be the-boy also the-dog In this one here they're both sitting, the boy and dog. Source: Vina Smith, Avansáxiich káru Chishíih káru Xanchíifich (VS-19) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | PlayKári pa-chishíih káru ú-krii then the-dog also 3s(>3)-live And the dog is sitting too. Source: Vina Smith, Avansáxiich káru Chishíih káru Xanchíifich (VS-19) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | PlayKáru payêem vúra vaa u-múustih kári also now Intensive that 3s(>3)-look.at then And now he's still looking at them. Source: Vina Smith, Avansáxiich káru Chishíih káru Xanchíifich (VS-19) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | PlayXás vúra uum t-óo kvúrish káru pa-xanchíifich then Intensive 3.SG PERF-3s(>3) be.tired also the-frog And the frog is really tired, too. Source: Vina Smith, Avansáxiich káru Chishíih káru Xanchíifich (VS-19) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | PlayXás payêem pa-xanchíifich t-óo xus Kíri naa káru ni-páatv-eesh then now the-frog PERF-3s(>3) think I.wish 1sg. also 1s(>3)-bathe-FUT And now the frog is thinking, "I want to take a bath, too." Source: Vina Smith, Avansáxiich káru Chishíih káru Xanchíifich (VS-19) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | PlayKáru pa-xanchíifich u-'úum váa káan u-kûuntakoo pa-chishih-axvâah also the-frog 3s(>3)-arrive ? there 3s(>3)-sit.(on) the-dog-head And the frog gets there, he sits down on the dog's head. Source: Vina Smith, Avansáxiich káru Chishíih káru Xanchíifich (VS-19) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playputíruh káru ni-'áv-eesh potato also 1s(>3)-eat-FUT I am also going to eat potatoes. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20c) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playiim káru 2sg. also You too. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20c) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playiimkun káru 2pl. also You guys also. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20c) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playiim káru 2sg. also You too. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20d) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playkii-pyukúkuh-i pa-mi-yukúkuh Andrew káru Line 2pl(>3)-put.on.shoes-IMPER the-2sPOSS-shoe(s) Andrew also Line Andrew and Line, put on your shoes! Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20d) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playpa-pakîihar káru ni-kîih-eesh the-key also 1s(>3)-lock.a.door-FUT I am (also) going to lock the door. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: actions and instrumentals (VS-21) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playyúfish káru ni-'ihrôo-vish vaa pa-niní-vuh ni-pithxáh-eesh salt also 1s(>3)-use-FUT so the-1sPOSS-tooth 1s(>3)-wash-FUT I am going to use salt to brush my teeth. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: actions and instrumentals (VS-21) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playáxak pa-naní-fyiiv-shas káru ávansa káru mu-hrôoha two the-1sPOSS-friend-PL also man also 3sPOSS-wife I had a couple of pals, a man and his wife. Source: Vina Smith, I'll Never Forget Those Days (VS-22) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playxás vaa vúra uum kêech káru then so Intensive 3.SG big also And it was really big. Source: Vina Smith, I'll Never Forget Those Days (VS-22) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playu-xú-ti nîinamich pa-púufich káru uum vúra yíiv sáruk xás 3s(>3)-think-DUR little the-deer also 3.SG Intensive far downhill then He thought the deer was small because it was way down the hill. Source: Vina Smith, I'll Never Forget Those Days (VS-22) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playxas vúra maath káru u-piip then Intensive heavy also 3s(>3)-say It was heavy," he said. Source: Vina Smith, I'll Never Forget Those Days (VS-22) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playvaa vúra vaa itíhaan vúra vaa u'-ákunvu-ti káru that Intensive that always Intensive that 3s(>3)-hunt-DUR also He was always doing that, he was always hunting. Source: Vina Smith, I'll Never Forget Those Days (VS-22) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playtaay pa-mu-chíshiih káru much the-3sPOSS-dog also And he had a lot of dogs. Source: Vina Smith, I'll Never Forget Those Days (VS-22) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | PlayBiscuits káru t-óo kyav Biscuits also PERF-3s(>3) make She made biscuits too. vaa xas vúra vaa uum vúra uum chéemyaach káru uum vúra vaa pu-'aapúnmu-tih-ara fâat uum pa-washing machine so then Intensive so 3.SG Intensive 3.SG quickly also 3.SG Intensive so NEG-know-DUR-NEG what 3.SG the-washing machine And she was quick, and she didn't even know what a washing machine was. hãã hâari u-páthriih-ti káru yes sometime 3s(>3)-rain-DUR also Yes, sometimes it was even raining. xás káru nuu aah nu-kyáa-ti îikam then also we fire 1pl(>3)-make-DUR outdoors And we made a fire outside. Kayla mu-têenva yâamachich káru Kayla 3sPOSS-earring pretty.(dimin.) also Kayla has earrings, pretty ones, too. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about jewelry, hair, and clothes (VS-25) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | PlayKayla mu-têenva káru yâamachich Kayla 3sPOSS-earring also pretty.(dimin.) Kayla's earrings are pretty, too. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about jewelry, hair, and clothes (VS-25) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playmu-'ífunih káru uum ipshûunkinich 3sPOSS-hair also 3.SG low Her hair is short. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about jewelry, hair, and clothes (VS-25) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playnaa káru 1sg. also Me, too. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about jewelry, hair, and clothes (VS-25) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playiim káru 2sg. also You, too. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: adjectives (VS-28) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playíim káru ishímfir 2sg. also brave You are tough, too. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: adjectives (VS-28) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playnaa vúra ishímfir íim káru ishímfir 1sg. Intensive brave 2sg. also brave I am tough and you are tough, too. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: adjectives (VS-28) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playíim káru ishímfir 2sg. also brave You are tough, too. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: adjectives (VS-28) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playíim káru ikpíhan 2sg. also strong You are strong, too. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: adjectives (VS-28) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playíim káru t-i-piváxrah 2sg. also PERF-2s(>3)-dry.up You are drying up, too. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: adjectives (VS-28) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playyáxa páykuuk káru apxantínihich káru pay apxantínihich káru pay apxantínihich look! over.there also white.man also this white.man also this white.man Look at the white person over there and that white person and that white person. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions, answers, possessives (VS-29) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playitíhaan vúra vaa ikpíhan káru xás vúra vaa p-oo-'if vúra vaa itíhaan vúra ikpíhan strong Intensive that strong also then Intensive that NOMZ-3s(>3)-grow Intensive that strong Intensive strong He is always strong, and when he grew up he was just always strong. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playkáru puxích t-u-furáthfip also very.much PERF-3s(>3)-be.nervous He is really cranky, too. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playíim káru p-ee-'áhoo-ti vúrava kúnish furáthfip 2sg. also NOMZ-2s(>3)-go-DUR just sort.of be.nervous When you arrived it seemed like you were cranky. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playuum káru p-oo-vôonfuruk-a-ti pu-yáv ipmahóonkoona-tih-ara 3.SG also NOMZ-3s(>3)-enter.a.house--DUR NEG-good feel-DUR-NEG And when she came in she was not feeling good. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playkáru p-oo-tátuyishrih-at koovúra pa-porch also NOMZ-3s(>3)-sweep.down-PAST all the-porch And she swept the whole porch. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playvaa káan tas káru that there fence also That is a fence there. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about spatial relations (VS-33) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playkáru payêem vúra uum taay pa-'ás also now Intensive 3.SG much the-rock There are already lots of rocks here. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playipít káru taay pá-'ás ôok yesterday also much the-rock here There were lots of rocks here yesterday. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playpayêem káru vúra uum taay pá-'ás ôok now also Intensive 3.SG much the-rock here There are lots of rocks here now. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playiim káru áthiik 2sg. also cold You are cold too. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about feeling cold, playing, and getting old (VS-35b) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playnaa káru ni-kyámiichvu-tih 1sg. also 1s(>3)-play-DUR I am playing too. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about feeling cold, playing, and getting old (VS-35b) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playyáv ni-pmahóonkoona-tih xas vúra vaa viká-yav káru good 1s(>3)-feel-DUR then Intensive so weaving.work-good also I am happy and the weaving is good. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about weaving a hat (VS-37) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playfâat i-víshtaan-tih musmús-'iish káru nakísh-'iish what 2s(>3)-like.(food)-DUR cow-flesh also pig-flesh What do you want, beef or pork? Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about making sandwiches (VS-38) | read full text
Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Playkáru vaa pa-fâat i-xú-ti-haak kíri ní-mnish also so NOMZ-what 2s(>3)-think-DUR-when I.wish 1s(>3)-cook (She told me to cook) whatever I wanted to. Source: Violet Super, Violet Cooking (VSu-01) | read full text
Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Playpâay káru tá ní-kyav pie also PERF 1s(>3)-make I made pie too. Source: Violet Super, Violet Cooking (VSu-01) | read full text
Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Playithâan mít káru naa kári nîinamich naní-taat u-piip sáruk ni-vâaram-eesh ka'tim'íin once near.past also 1sg. then little 1sPOSS-mother 3s(>3)-say downhill 1s(>3)-go-FUT Ishi.Pishi.Falls Once, I was also still little, my mother said, "I'm going downhill, to Katimin. Source: Violet Super, Violet's Picture (VSu-02) | read full text
Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Playkáru hôoy akâayva 'îin kun kêemish kun-'áki-hanik kéemish u-'áv-anik also where anyone TOPIC 3pl(>3s) something.dangerous 3pl(>3s)-give.(things).to-ANC something.dangerous 3s(>3)-eat-ANC "And somewhere, someone, they ... they fed him poison, he ate poison." Source: Violet Super, Violet's Dog (VSu-03) | read full textkáruma káru taay u-'ôorahi-ti pa-'ánav pa-tá ní-kvar pa-ni-'ákih-ti in.fact also much 3s(>3)-cost-DUR the-medicine NOMZ-PERF 1s(>3)-buy NOMZ-1s(>3)-give.(things).to-DUR And in fact it cost a lot, the medicine that I bought, that I was giving him. Source: Violet Super, Violet's Dog (VSu-03) | read full textmanâa naa mít káru nîinamich itíhaan áhup nu-kyâa-ti pa-nani-típa xákaan áhup nú-kpaak-ti maybe 1sg. near.past also little always wood 1pl(>3)-go.gather-DUR the-1sPOSS-brother both wood 1pl(>3)-chop-DUR Well, also when I was little, we were always gathering wood, my brother and I, we were chopping wood. Source: Violet Super, Violet Working (VSu-04) | read full textvíri vaa kumá'ii pa-'itíhaan nuu xás nu-kyáviichvu-ti aa íshaha káru nú-ktaam-ti so that because.of NOMZ-always we then 1pl(>3)-work-DUR water also 1pl(>3)-hold.in.hand-DUR That’s why we always had to work then ah–we also carried water. Source: Violet Super, Violet Working (VSu-04) | read full textáhup káru nu-'akaa-fúruk-vu-ti wood also 1pl(>3)-carry.(plural).objects-indoors-PL.ACT-DUR We were also carrying wood into the house in our arms. Source: Violet Super, Violet Working (VSu-04) | read full textkáru vúra chími ni-p-imnísh-eesh also Intensive soon 1s(>3)-ITER-cook-FUT And (you can say) just, I'm going to cook. Source: Violet Super, Sentences about weather and cooking (VSu-05) | read full text
Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Playxás pâanpay xás pa-mu-'ípi káru vúra chavúra vaa káru kun-chífich then after.while then the-3sPOSS-bone also Intensive finally so also 3pl(>3s)-beat And after a while, finally they also won his bones. Source: Violet Super, Why the eel has no bones (VSu-06) | read full text
Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Playpi'êep pa-ni-yáan'iiftihan-haak pa-'ôok káruk vee-thívthaaneen pishîich ni-'úum-haak pa-panámniik pishîich ni-'úum-haak naa vúra xakitrahyar káru yítha hárinay kích tá ní-krii long.ago NOMZ-1s(>3)-young.person-when NOMZ-here upriver 3sPOSS-land first 1s(>3)-arrive-when NOMZ-Orleans first 1s(>3)-arrive-when 1sg. Intensive twenty also one year only PERF 1s(>3)-live Long ago, when I was young, when I first came to Karuk country, when I first came to Orleans, I was only 21 years old. Source: William Bright, "Speech to Karuk Tribal Council" (WB-01) | read full text
Spoken by William Bright | Download | Playpayêem ná-mpaan vúra pihnîich xakinivkihitráhyar káru itroopa-hárinay tá ní-krii now 1sg.-Emphatic Intensive old.man seventy also five-year PERF 1s(>3)-live Now I myself am an old man, I'm 75 years old. Source: William Bright, "Speech to Karuk Tribal Council" (WB-01) | read full text
Spoken by William Bright | Download | Playkáru vúra koovúra pa-mu-'áraar-as tá kun-'ív-ahaak pu-pí-tih-ara mukun-'íthvuy also Intensive all NOMZ-3sPOSS-relative-PL PERF 3pl(>3s)-die-when NEG-say-DUR-NEG 3plPOSS-name And when any of his relatives died, he did not say their names. Source: Julia Starritt, "Swearing" (WB_KL-0) | read full texthâari itrôop t-u-'ûukar káru hâari vúra itráhyar sometime five PERF-3s(>3)-put.out.(boat) also sometime Intensive ten Sometimes he paid five dollars and sometimes ten. Source: Julia Starritt, "Swearing" (WB_KL-0) | read full textíkiich káru vúra mu-típa káru mu-xúkam káru vúra akâay vúra pa-mu-'áraar maybe also Intensive 3sPOSS-brother also 3sPOSS-uncle.(maternal) also Intensive who Intensive the-3sPOSS-relative Maybe too it would be his brother or his uncle or any relative of his. Source: Julia Starritt, "Swearing" (WB_KL-0) | read full textchufniivkach-'îin káru vúra pa-tá kun-'av fly-TOPIC also Intensive NOMZ-PERF 3pl(>3s)-eat Flies ate him too. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-01) | read full textchími vúra p-aasvut-'îin káru pa-tá kun-'av soon Intensive the-ant-TOPIC also NOMZ-PERF 3pl(>3s)-eat Soon the ants ate him too. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-01) | read full textkoovúra kum-áastaa káru áxvaay all 3sPOSS-duck also crane There were all kinds of ducks and cranes. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote's Homecoming" (WB_KL-02) | read full textpúyava tá kun-pámvaar xás tá kun-píshmaar káru ikmaháchraam kúuk tá kun-pávyiihma you.see PERF 3pl(>3s)-finish.eating then PERF 3pl(>3s)-finish.drinking also sweathouse to PERF 3pl(>3s)-go.back.to.(pl.) So they finished eating, they finished their meal, and they went to the sweathouse. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote's Homecoming" (WB_KL-02) | read full textkáru tá kun-pávyiihma also PERF 3pl(>3s)-go.back.to.(pl.) And they went back there. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote's Homecoming" (second telling) (WB_KL-02a) | read full text
Spoken by Nettie Ruben | Download | Playkáru ithivthaneen'ípan tá kun-pávyiihma also at.end.of.world PERF 3pl(>3s)-go.back.to.(pl.) And they went to the end of the world. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote's Homecoming" (second telling) (WB_KL-02a) | read full text
Spoken by Nettie Ruben | Download | Playkáru chêech ík ataychúkinach i-'uunúprav-eesh also quickly must young.brodiaea.plant 2s(>3)-sprout.up-FUT And young brodiaea plant, you must come up quickly. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote's Homecoming" (second telling) (WB_KL-02a) | read full text
Spoken by Nettie Ruben | Download | Playpa-mukun-patúmkir káru vúra athkúrit the-3plPOSS-head-rest also Intensive fat Their pillows were fat too. Source: Chester Pepper, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-03) | read full textkáru pa-mukun-piykiríkir vaa káru vúra athkúrit also the-3plPOSS-ladder that also Intensive fat And their ladder was fat too. Source: Chester Pepper, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-03) | read full textchavúra koovúra u-tháfip pa-mukun-piykiríkir vaa káru vúra u-tháfip finally all 3s(>3)-devour the-3plPOSS-ladder that also Intensive 3s(>3)-devour Finally he ate them all up, he ate their ladder up too. Source: Chester Pepper, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-03) | read full textpoorá-piit ni-kyâa-vish káru vúra nani-voonvánaach káru akvákir káru vúra nani-yukúkuh pants-new 1s(>3)-make-FUT also Intensive 1sPOSS-shirt also quiver also Intensive 1sPOSS-shoe(s) I'll make new pants and my shirt and a quiver and my shoes." Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-04) | read full textxás káan yánava pa-mukun-patúmkir káru pa-mukun-'ikrívkir athkúrit u-kyâar-ahi-tih then there visible the-3plPOSS-head-rest also the-3plPOSS-disk-seat fat 3s(>3)-make.with-ESS-DUR And he saw there that their pillows and their chairs were made of fat. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-04) | read full textxás ta'ítam u-'áv-aheen pa-mukun-'ikrívkir káru pa-mukun-patúmkir then so 3s(>3)-eat-ANT the-3plPOSS-disk-seat also the-3plPOSS-head-rest So he ate their chairs and their pillows. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-04) | read full textkáru yítha u-píip hôoy pa-nani-patúmkir also one 3s(>3)-say where the-1sPOSS-head-rest and one said, "Where's my pillow?" Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-04) | read full textkáru hôoy pa-ta-nú-p-viitma kíri ni-mah also where NOMZ-PERF-1pl(>3)-ITER-paddle.to I.wish 1s(>3)-see "And where have we paddled to? I want to see!" Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-04) | read full textkári xás kun-íthvuy pa-'úkraam yítha káru uum u-pí-tih vaa kuma-'úkraam ni-p-ikvêeshrih-eesh then then 3pl(>3s)-be.named the-lake one also 3.SG 3s(>3)-say-DUR that 3sPOSS-lake 1s(>3)-ITER-spend.night-FUT And they named the ponds, and (each) one said, "I will camp at that pond." Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-05) | read full textxás uum pihnêefich káru vúra púva haríxay maah-vúnaa then 3.SG coyote also Intensive not.yet sometimes see-PL And Coyote had never yet seen them either. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Goes to a War Dance" (WB_KL-06) | read full textkoovúra pa-niní-shaanva ishpúk kam-ikxúrikar-ahi-ti káru fúrax all the-1sPOSS-carry.(things) dentalium.shells 3s(>3)-decorate.with-ESS-DUR also woodpecker.head Let all my clothes be decorated with money and woodpecker heads!" Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Goes to a War Dance" (WB_KL-06) | read full textuum káru u-pakurîihvu-ti p-oo-'áhoo-tih haninuvêe naa hanuvêe naa 3.SG also 3s(>3)-sing.songs-DUR NOMZ-3s(>3)-go-DUR haninuvêe naa hanuvêe naa He was singing too as he traveled, "haninuvêe naa hanuvêe naa." Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote Trades Songs" (WB_KL-07) | read full textxás u-piip chémi naa káru yúruk kan-'árihrup-i then 3s(>3)-say all.right 1sg. also downriver 1s(>3)-go.away.downriver-IMPER And (the other) said, "All right, and let me go downriver." Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote Trades Songs" (WB_KL-07) | read full textyakún uumkun yúruk ithivthaneen-'ípan kun-'íh-m-oo-tih káru káruk ithivthaneen-'ípan kun-'íh-m-oo-tih you.see they downriver land-end 3pl(>3s)-dance-to-PL.ACT-DUR also upriver land-end 3pl(>3s)-dance-to-PL.ACT-DUR They dance to the downriver end of the world, and they dance to the upriver end of the world." Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Goes to the Sky" (WB_KL-08) | read full textxás p-oo-kyívish vúra ípi kích káru pa-mú-maan then NOMZ-3s(>3)-fall.down Intensive bone only also the-3sPOSS-skin And when he landed, he was just bones and his skin. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Goes to the Sky" (WB_KL-08) | read full textuumkun káru kun-pakúriihva they also 3pl(>3s)-sing.songs They were singing too. Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote Trades Songs and Goes to the Sky" (WB_KL-09) | read full textxás ta'ítam vaa vúra káru t-u-páaxkiv then so that Intensive also PERF-3s(>3)-win.(game) And so (the upriver people) won that too. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Steals Fire" (WB_KL-10) | read full textxás u-piip ii! naa êev káru vúra vaa ni-xú-tih then 3s(>3)-say oh! 1sg. greeting.to.women also Intensive that 1s(>3)-think-DUR And she said, "Alas, dear, I think so too." Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote as Doctor" (WB_KL-11) | read full textkun-piip xâatik ápap yúruk u-vuunúpa-hi-tih káru ápap káruk u-vuunôovu-tih 3pl(>3s)-say it's.better one.side downriver 3s(>3)-flow.from.mouth-ESS-DUR also one.side upriver 3s(>3)-flow.upstream.from.here-DUR (The gods) said, "Let (the river) flow downstream on one side, and flow upstream on the other side. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote As Lawmaker" (WB_KL-15) | read full textithyáruk kúna ú-p-viitroov-eesh u-thívruuhroov-eesh káru káruk u-vuunôov-ahi-ti pa-'íshaha across in.addition 3s(>3)-ITER-paddle.upstream.from.here-FUT 3s(>3)-float.upriver-FUT also upriver 3s(>3)-flow.upstream.from.here-ESS-DUR the-water They would travel back upstream on the other side, they would float upstream also, the water was flowing upstream. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote As Lawmaker" (WB_KL-15) | read full textkáru naa tá ni-pihnîichha also 1sg. PERF 1s(>3)-become.old.(man) And I've gotten old. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Marries His Own Daughter" (WB_KL-16) | read full textkáru uum naa vúra nee-músahi-ti pa-'ávansa also 3.SG 1sg. Intensive 2s/3s>1s-look-DUR the-man And he looks just like me, the man. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Marries His Own Daughter" (WB_KL-16) | read full textpa-mu-tiiv káru vúra aaxkúnish-ich-as vaa vúra pá-naa nee-músahi-ti pa-naní-tiiv the-3sPOSS-ear also Intensive red-DIM-PL that Intensive NOMZ-1sg. 1s-look-DUR the-1sPOSS-ear His ears are reddish too, just like my ears look. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Marries His Own Daughter" (WB_KL-16) | read full textxás pâanpay xás u-xús naa ni-xú-ti na-pikshayvûunish-ti yukún koovúra vaa u-músahi-ti pa-nunú-'uup káru uum vúra vaa u-músahi-ti pa-nini-'áka then after.while then 3s(>3)-think 1sg. 1s(>3)-think-DUR 2s/3s>1s-tell.lies.to-DUR you.see all that 3s(>3)-look-DUR the-1plPOSS-possession also 3.SG Intensive that 3s(>3)-look-DUR the-1sPOSS-father Then after a while she thought, "I think he's deceiving me, everything looks like our things, and he looks just like my father." Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Marries His Own Daughter" (WB_KL-16) | read full textxás pihnêefich u-pí-ti vaa vúra káru vúra pa-'áraar uumkun kun-kúpheesh pá-naa tá ni-kuupha then coyote 3s(>3)-say-DUR that Intensive also Intensive the-human they 3pl(>3s)-will.do NOMZ-1sg. PERF 1s(>3)-do And Coyote said, "The people will do just like that too, like I did." Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Marries His Own Daughter" (WB_KL-16) | read full textvíri vaa kúth sâam u-saamnúpu-tih káru vaa kúth áama u-kvíripraa-tih so that because.of little.downhill 3s(>3)-flow.downstream.from.here-DUR also that because.of salmon 3s(>3)-run.up.from.downhill-DUR That's why (the water) flows downstream, and that's why salmon run up the river. Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote Gives Salmon and Acorns to Mankind" (WB_KL-17) | read full textxás sâam-vanih-ich pa-mukun-chíshii vaa káru asaxyípit t-óo párihish then little.downhill-toward-DIM the-3plPOSS-dog that also quartz PERF-3s(>3) be.transformed And a little downhill, their dog had turned to quartz. Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote Gives Salmon and Acorns to Mankind" (WB_KL-17) | read full textvikváan káru ithvóon basket-maker also eager She was a weaver, and industrious. Source: Lottie Beck, "The Perils of Weasel" (WB_KL-18) | read full textâanxus uum káru pákuri u-thiiná-tih weasel 3.SG also song 3s(>3)-have-DUR Weasel had a song. Source: Lottie Beck, "The Perils of Weasel" (WB_KL-18) | read full textxás âanxus u-píip naa ník káru ishímfir then weasel 3s(>3)-say 1sg. a.little also brave And Weasel said, "I'm tough too." Source: Lottie Beck, "The Perils of Weasel" (WB_KL-18) | read full textkári xás uum káru ishímfir âanaxus then then 3.SG also brave weasel And Weasel was tough, too. Source: Mamie Offield, "The Perils of Weasel" (WB_KL-19) | read full textkári xás âanaxus uum káru t-u-pakúriihva kéevniikich tiiptíip'aahrishuk then then weasel 3.SG also PERF-3s(>3)-sing.songs old.woman.(dimin.) tiiptíip'aahrishuk And Weasel sang, too, "kéevniikich tiiptíip'aahrishuk." Source: Mamie Offield, "The Perils of Weasel" (WB_KL-19) | read full textimustih-a-yêepsha káru akúnvaan-sa look.at-DEVERB-good.(pl.) also hunter-PL They were good-looking and (good) hunters. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Hair in the Soup" (WB_KL-21) | read full textxúun káru kun-sáanva acorn.soup also 3pl(>3s)-carry.(things) They carried acorn soup too. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Hair in the Soup" (WB_KL-21) | read full textxás xúun káru tá kun-tharámpuk then acorn.soup also PERF 3pl(>3s)-cook.acorn.soup And they boiled acorn soup too. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Hair in the Soup" (WB_KL-21) | read full textxás pa-yáan'iiftihan-sa tá kun-ívyiihma káru pa-'asiktávaan-sas then the-young.person-PL PERF 3pl(>3s)-go.to.(pl.) also the-woman-PL And the young men and the women arrived. Source: Lottie Beck, "Old Man Turtle Dances" (WB_KL-22) | read full textpa-mu-hrôoha káru pa-mu-túnviiv pa-t-u-vuhvúhi-naa-haak yaas'arará-'uuthkam kun-chivít-ahi-tih the-3sPOSS-wife also the-3sPOSS-children NOMZ-PERF-3s(>3)-do.jump.dance-PL-when humankind-seaward 3pl(>3s)-line.up-ESS-DUR (But) his wife and his children, when there is a deerskin dance, are lined up in front of rich people. Source: Lottie Beck, "The Greedy Father" (WB_KL-23) | read full textkúna naa naa káru pa-nini-túnviiv páy nanusúruk kúuk tá nu-pávyiihma in.addition 1sg. 1sg. also the-1sPOSS-children underground to PERF 1pl(>3)-go.back.to.(pl.) But I, I and my children, we are going underground. Source: Mamie Offield, "The Greedy Father" (WB_KL-24) | read full textkáru á'iknêechhan á'uuyich-ak u-krii also falcon Sugarloaf-Locative 3s(>3)-live And Duck Hawk lives in Sugarloaf. Source: Lottie Beck, "Duck Hawk and His Wife" (WB_KL-25) | read full textyítha mú-'arama ú-krii káru mu-hrôoha one 3sPOSS-child 3s(>3)-live also 3sPOSS-wife His one child and his wife lived there. Source: Chester Pepper, "Duck Hawk and His Wife" (WB_KL-26) | read full textxánpuut káru xánthiip itheekxarám-va vúra pá-kun-vik maul.oak.acorn also black.oak all.night-Distributive Intensive NOMZ-3pl(>3s)-weave Maul Oak and Black Oak wove day and night. Source: Lottie Beck, "The Story of Tan Oak Acorn" (WB_KL-30) | read full textkíri naa vúra kích yaas'arara-'îin na-'áam-ti káru tápas nee-kyâa-vish I.wish 1sg. Intensive only humankind-TOPIC 2s/3s>1s-eat-DUR also real 2s/3s>1s-make-FUT May Mankind eat me alone and take care of me!" Source: Lottie Beck, "The Story of Tan Oak Acorn" (WB_KL-30) | read full textxánpuut kípa fâat pa-mú-pxaan káru xánthiip maul.oak.acorn like what the-3sPOSS-cap also black.oak Maul Oak and Black Oak had beautiful caps. Source: Lottie Beck, "The Story of Tan Oak Acorn" (WB_KL-30) | read full textkáru pa-yítha uum áxak mu-túnviiv avansáxiitich-as also the-one 3.SG two 3sPOSS-children boy-PL And the other had two children, they were little boys. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Bear and the Deer" (WB_KL-32) | read full textkáru uum pa-'asiktávaan atahári vúra kun-ikyáviichvu-tih ávaha kun-ikyáa-tih also 3.SG the-woman always Intensive 3pl(>3s)-work-DUR food 3pl(>3s)-make-DUR And the women were always working, they were gathering food. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Bear and the Deer" (WB_KL-32) | read full textkáru pa-'avansáxiich uum tá mâam kun-'íkakraa also the-boy 3.SG PERF uphill 3pl(>3s)-jump.uphill.to.here.(pl.) And the boys were already climbing uphill. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Bear and the Deer" (WB_KL-32) | read full textnuu tá nu-xúrihi-naa káru tá nú-kviitha we PERF 1pl(>3)-be.hungry-PL also PERF 1pl(>3)-sleep We're hungry and we're sleeping. Source: Mamie Offield, "How Deer Meat Was Lost and Regained" (WB_KL-33) | read full textpa-káan kun-'axúpruuprih-vu-ti pa-púufich t-óo mtaap-ha káru t-u-xahavíka-ha NOMZ-there 3pl(>3s)-put.dressed.deermeat.in.through-PL.ACT-DUR the-deer PERF-3s(>3) dust-DENOM also PERF-3s(>3)-spider-web-DENOM (The part of the house) where they put in the dressed deer meat was dusty and cobwebby. Source: Mamie Offield, "How Deer Meat Was Lost and Regained" (WB_KL-33) | read full textpáy nanu'ávahkam kúuk tá kun-'íipma pa-púufich káru pa-mú-'aramah sky to PERF 3pl(>3s)-return the-deer also the-3sPOSS-child Deer and her child have gone to the sky. Source: Mamie Offield, "How Deer Meat Was Lost and Regained" (WB_KL-33) | read full textpu-káru vúra hûut kóo ípanh-eesh-ara NEG-also Intensive how as.much.as extend-FUT-NEG It won't reach that far either. Source: Mamie Offield, "How Deer Meat Was Lost and Regained" (WB_KL-33) | read full textkáan ník pa-'ávansa u-'ákunvu-ti káru u-'ahavishkâavu-tih there a.little the-man 3s(>3)-hunt-DUR also 3s(>3)-fish-DUR The man would hunt and fish there. Source: Lottie Beck, "The Story of Madrone" (WB_KL-35) | read full textkári xás vaa káru vúra u-chífich then then so also Intensive 3s(>3)-beat Then he won those too. Source: Mamie Offield, "Eel and Sucker" (WB_KL-37) | read full textpurafâat vúra káru kupí-tih-eesh-ara nothing Intensive also do-DUR-FUT-NEG You won't be doing anything, either." Source: Mamie Offield, "The Story of Slug" (WB_KL-38) | read full textpa-'asiktávaan káru uum t-u-vôonupuk the-woman also 3.SG PERF-3s(>3)-leave.house The woman went out too. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Adulterers Discovered" (WB_KL-39) | read full textkári xás apsunmúnukich u-piip pa-yaas'ára u-'iiníshri-haak víri pa-'asiktávaan vaa u-kupí-ti-haak u-kitaxríharahi-ti-haak xáat káru u-xú-ti vúra pu-'aapúnm-eesh-ap víri vaa vúra kun-'áapunm-eesh then then racer.snake 3s(>3)-say NOMZ-rich.person 3s(>3)-come.into.existence-when so NOMZ-woman so 3s(>3)-do-DUR-when 3s(>3)-be.unfaithful-DUR-when may also 3s(>3)-think-DUR Intensive NEG-know-FUT-NEG so so Intensive 3pl(>3s)-know-FUT Then Racer said, "When Mankind comes into existence, when a woman does this, when she is unfaithful, even though she thinks they won't find out, they will find out like this." Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Adulterers Discovered" (WB_KL-39) | read full textkári xás vírusur u-xus tîi naa káru then then bear 3s(>3)-think let... 1sg. also And Bear thought, "Let me (go) too!" Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Story of Bear" (WB_KL-40) | read full textxás kun-xús nuu káru vaa tîi nú-kuuph-i then 3pl(>3s)-think we also so let... 1pl(>3)-do-IMPER And they thought, "Let us do that too!" Source: Nettie Ruben, "Why Lightning Strikes Trees" (WB_KL-44) | read full textkáru vaa kumá'ii koovúra kuma-keemishatunvêechas kun-'áay-ti aah also that because.of all 3sPOSS-little.wild.animals 3pl(>3s)-fear-DUR fire And that's why all the little wild animals are afraid of fire. Source: Mamie Offield, "Victory Over Fire" (WB_KL-45) | read full textvíri-va yítha u-sáam kéevniikich káru axiich so-so one 3s(>3)-remain old.woman.(dimin.) also child (Finally) one old woman and a child were left. Source: Chester Pepper, "The Origin of the Pikiawish" (WB_KL-47) | read full textkáru kaanvári tá ní-kfuukraa also in.that.direction PERF 1s(>3)-climb.up.from.downhill And I climb up there. Source: Chester Pepper, "The Origin of the Pikiawish" (WB_KL-47) | read full textkáru imúsaan káru koopitxaaríhvaan káru kixáhaan also assistant.priest also sweathouse.companion also brush.burner "And an assistant priest, and priest's companions, and brush-burners. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Origin of the Pikiawish" (WB_KL-48) | read full textpúyava koovúra tá kun-'áraarahi-tih kixáhaan káru vúra imúsaan káru ikyávaan káru koopitxaaríhvaan you.see all PERF 3pl(>3s)-live.(pl.)-DUR brush.burner also Intensive assistant.priest also maker also sweathouse.companion And they were all (there), brush-burners and assistant priest, and priestesses, and priest's companions. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Origin of the Pikiawish" (WB_KL-48) | read full textkári xás u-píip pa-'asiktávaan pa-yaas'ára u-'iiníshrih-aak víri xáat káru tá kun-'íitshur víri-va vúra u-pmáh-eesh pa-nini-pákuriha mûuk then then 3s(>3)-say the-woman NOMZ-rich.person 3s(>3)-come.into.existence-when so may also PERF 3pl(>3s)-leave so-so Intensive 3s(>3)-see.again-FUT the-1sPOSS-song with.(by.means.of) And the woman said, "When Mankind comes into existence, (a woman) may also become abandoned, (but) she will find (her sweetheart) again by means of my song. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Medicine for the Return of a Sweetheart" (WB_KL-49) | read full textvaa vúra káan u-paramsíipree-vish xáat káru ithivthaneen-'ípan t-u-'íipma so Intensive there 3s(>3)-start.going.back-FUT may also land-end PERF-3s(>3)-return He will come back from there, (though) he may have gone to the end of the earth." Source: Nettie Ruben, "Medicine for the Return of a Sweetheart" (WB_KL-49) | read full textkári xás u-xus ii tîi naa káru kan-'ûupvan then then 3s(>3)-think oh! let... 1sg. also 1s(>3)-go.to.dig.roots And she thought, "Oh, let me go dig roots too!" Source: Nettie Ruben, "Medicine to Get a Husband" (WB_KL-50) | read full textkári xás u-xus pa-yaas'ára u-'iiníshrih-aak víri uum káru vúra vaa u-kuph-eesh xáat kâanimich then then 3s(>3)-think NOMZ-rich.person 3s(>3)-come.into.existence-when so 3.SG also Intensive so 3s(>3)-do-FUT may poor And she thought, "When Mankind comes into existence, (a woman) will do this way also, (though) she may be poor. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Medicine to Get a Husband" (WB_KL-50) | read full textu-xús naa káru ikxaréeyav 3s(>3)-think 1sg. also spirit.person He thought, "I'm a spirit too." Source: Chester Pepper, "Love Medicine" (WB_KL-51) | read full textkári xás u-xús-aanik kahyuras'afishríhan yaas'ára nani-pírish t-u-'aapúnm-ahaak yaas'ára káru vúra vaa u-kuph-eesh then then 3s(>3)-think-ANC Klamath.Lakes.Young.Man rich.person 1sPOSS-plant PERF-3s(>3)-know-when rich.person also Intensive so 3s(>3)-do-FUT And Klamath Lakes Young Man thought, "If Mankind knows my medicine, Mankind will do this way also." Source: Chester Pepper, "Love Medicine" (WB_KL-51) | read full textvíri naa káru vaa ni-kuph-eesh so 1sg. also so 1s(>3)-do-FUT I will do that way also." Source: Chester Pepper, "Love Medicine" (WB_KL-51) | read full textkáan kúna pa-mukun-'aktinakír-ak vaa káru vúra pu-'aapúnmu-tih-ara there in.addition the-3plPOSS-handrest-Locative so also Intensive NEG-know-DUR-NEG The grasping stones there (at the doorway) didn't know either. Source: Chester Pepper, "Medicine for the Return of Wives" (WB_KL-52) | read full textyánava uum káru vaa u-kupi-ti pá-'uum u-kupi-ti ikmahachram'íshiip veekxaréeyav visible 3.SG also so 3s(>3)-do-DUR NOMZ-3.SG 3s(>3)-do-DUR Sacred.Sweathouse.Spirit He saw that (the other person) was also doing what Sacred Sweathouse Spirit was doing. Source: Chester Pepper, "Medicine for the Return of Wives" (WB_KL-52) | read full textyánava uum káru vaa u-kupi-tih víkapu u-skúruh-tih visible 3.SG also so 3s(>3)-do-DUR Jump.Dance.basket 3s(>3)-carry.by.looped.handle-DUR He saw he was doing that too, he was carrying a quiver. Source: Chester Pepper, "Medicine for the Return of Wives" (WB_KL-52) | read full textkári xás u-xús-aanik ikmahachram'íshiip veekxaréeyav yaas'ara-'îin ta-na-'apúnmiik-ahaak yaas'ára káru vaa u-kuph-eesh then then 3s(>3)-think-ANC Sacred.Sweathouse.Spirit rich.person-TOPIC PERF-2s/3s>1s-learn.from-when rich.person also so 3s(>3)-do-FUT And Sacred Sweathouse Spirit thought, "If Mankind has learned it from me, Mankind will do so too." Source: Chester Pepper, "Medicine for the Return of Wives" (WB_KL-52) | read full textvíri naa káru vaa ni-kuph-eesh so 1sg. also so 1s(>3)-do-FUT I will do so too. Source: Chester Pepper, "Medicine for the Return of Wives" (WB_KL-52) | read full textkári xás u-xús-aanik yaas'ara-'îin tá na-'apúnmiik-ahaak víri yaas'ára káru vúra vaa u-kuph-eesh then then 3s(>3)-think-ANC rich.person-TOPIC PERF 2s/3s>1s-learn.from-when so rich.person also Intensive so 3s(>3)-do-FUT Then (the father) thought, "If Mankind has learned it from me, Mankind will do this way too." Source: Chester Pepper, "Deer-hunting Medicine" (WB_KL-53) | read full textnaa káru vaa ni-kuph-eesh 1sg. also so 1s(>3)-do-FUT I will do that too. Source: Chester Pepper, "Deer-hunting Medicine" (WB_KL-53) | read full textiknûumin veekxaréeyav itráhyar mu-túnviiv-hanik ávans-as káru yítha asiktávaan Burrill.Peak.spirit ten 3sPOSS-children-ANC man-PL also one woman Burrill Peak Spirit had ten children, (nine) men and one woman. Source: Mamie Offield, "Shinny Game Medicine" (WB_KL-54) | read full textyukún uum káru ishímfir asaxêevar v-eekxaréeyav you.see 3.SG also brave mossy 3sPOSS-spirit.person You see, Baldy Peak Spirit was tough too. Source: Mamie Offield, "Shinny Game Medicine" (WB_KL-54) | read full textkáru pa-mú-tiik yánava káan pa-mu-tákasar also the-3sPOSS-hand visible there the-3sPOSS-shinny.tossel And there in his hands she saw his shinny-tossel. Source: Mamie Offield, "Shinny Game Medicine" (WB_KL-54) | read full textyukún naa ík káru vaa ni-kuph-eesh p-oo-kúphaa-nik p-eeknûumin veekxaréeyav you.see 1sg. must also that 1s(>3)-do-FUT NOMZ-3s(>3)-do-ANC the-Burrill.Peak.spirit You see, I must also do that way, as Burrill Peak Spirit did. Source: Mamie Offield, "Shinny Game Medicine" (WB_KL-54) | read full textnaa káru vúra káan ni-'íif-tih 1sg. also Intensive there 1s(>3)-grow-DUR I am growing up here too!" Source: Mamie Offield, "Wrestling Medicine" (WB_KL-55) | read full textnaa káru vúra káan ni-'íif-tih kunâach'aa 1sg. also Intensive there 1s(>3)-grow-DUR bird.sp. I am growing up here too, (I,) kunâach'aa!" Source: Mamie Offield, "Wrestling Medicine" (WB_KL-55) | read full textkári xás koovúra pa-pinish-tunvêech-as káru koovúra pa-'ípaha kun-ihyûunish-tih kunâach'aa puxîich-i then then all the-plant-small.(pl.)-PL also all the-tree 3pl(>3s)-shout.to-DUR bird.sp. very.much-IMPER And all the little plants and all the trees shouted to him, "Go to it, kunâach'aa!" Source: Mamie Offield, "Wrestling Medicine" (WB_KL-55) | read full textvíri kún pa-kéevniikich ú-krii káru patapriha-'ifápiit so meaning.unknown the-old.woman.(dimin.) 3s(>3)-live also placename-young.unmarried.woman There lived the old woman, and the young woman of patapríhak. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Boy from Itúkuk" (WB_KL-57) | read full textpa-vúra kóo kuma-'íthivishrih pa-kun-vuhvúhi-naa-tih káru pa-koo NOMZ-Intensive all 3sPOSS-happenings NOMZ-3pl(>3s)-do.jump.dance-PL-DUR also the-all There was all kind of celebration as they did the deerskin dance and all. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Boy from Itúkuk" (WB_KL-57) | read full textyee víri kún káan xás kun-'iin pa-kéevniikich káru pa-'ifápiit well so meaning.unknown there then 3pl(>3s)-(two).be the-old.woman.(dimin.) also the-young.unmarried.woman Well, there they were, the old woman and the girl. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Boy from Itúkuk" (WB_KL-57) | read full textxás yáas u-xus chími naa káru kan-íp-viitshun then then 3s(>3)-think soon 1sg. also 1s(>3)-ITER-paddle.away So then he thought, "Let me paddle away again too!" Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Boy from Itúkuk" (WB_KL-57) | read full textyáas ú-p-viitmu-tih uum káru then 3s(>3)-ITER-paddle.to-DUR 3.SG also Then he paddled back there too. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Boy from Itúkuk" (WB_KL-57) | read full textkáru pa-mu-krívraam u-pikchákiroopithva pa-sípnuuk axyará-va also the-3sPOSS-house 3s(>3)-be.lined.up the-storage.basket full-Distributive And they were lined up around (the inside of) his house, the storage baskets were all full. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Boy from Itúkuk" (WB_KL-57) | read full textpufíchtaahkoo ípmiif káru pa-kóo kumá-'uup p-oo-tháthriinaa pa-sipnúuk-ak white.deer black.deer also NOMZ-all 3sPOSS-possession NOMZ-3s(>3)-sit.(two.things) the-storage.basket-Locative White deerskins, black deerskins, and every kind of treasure sat in the storage baskets. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Boy from Itúkuk" (WB_KL-57) | read full textxás furáx-vaas ú-kyav káru furax-yukúku káru furax-vánakaar then woodpecker.head-blanket 3s(>3)-make also woodpecker.head-shoe(s) also woodpecker.head-turtleneck.sweater So he made a woodpecker-head blanket, and woodpecker-head shoes and a woodpecker-head vánakaar (a shirtlike garment). Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Boy from Itúkuk" (WB_KL-57) | read full textkáru mit kun-vîihi-tih-at pá-mit u-musan-kôo-tih-at also near.past 3pl(>3s)-hate-DUR-PAST NOMZ-near.past 3s(>3)-go.see-to-DUR-PAST And they had disliked him, when he had gone to see her. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Boy from Itúkuk" (WB_KL-57) | read full textxás p-óo-muus-tih pa-kéevniikich vúra t-u-píkshar káru pa-'ifápiit vúra t-u-píkshar then NOMZ-3s(>3)-look.at-DUR the-old.woman.(dimin.) Intensive PERF-3s(>3)-melt also the-young.unmarried.woman Intensive PERF-3s(>3)-melt And as he watched, the old woman just melted, and the girl just melted. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Boy from Itúkuk" (WB_KL-57) | read full textkáru i-máh-eesh áxak yuup ú-thyiimvarayv-eesh also 2s(>3)-see-FUT two eye 3s(>3)-float.around.(two)-FUT And you will see two eyes float around. Source: Mamie Offield, "A Trip to the Land of the Dead" (WB_KL-58) | read full textkáru taay ík vúra yáfus i-kyâa-vish also much must Intensive dress 2s(>3)-make-FUT And you must make many dresses. Source: Mamie Offield, "A Trip to the Land of the Dead" (WB_KL-58) | read full textta'ítam uum káru u-vík-aheen káru ú-kyav pa-yáfus so 3.SG also 3s(>3)-weave-ANT also 3s(>3)-make the-dress So she too wove and made the dresses. Source: Mamie Offield, "A Trip to the Land of the Dead" (WB_KL-58) | read full textkíri naa káru íshkiit na-'árihish I.wish 1sg. also lucky 1s-become Let me become lucky too!" Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Pool in Big Rock" (WB_KL-59) | read full textpúyava p-oo-táyiithh-ara-ti yíiv vúra tá kun-'aramsípriin kún-ikvárish-tih xáat káru vik-a-kêemich you.see NOMZ-3s(>3)-lash-INST-DUR far Intensive PERF 3pl(>3s)-start.out 3pl(>3s)-buy-DUR may also weave-DEVERB-bad.(dimin.) So when she lashed the base of a basket with them, people came from far away, they bought from her, (though) she might be a poor weaver. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Pool in Big Rock" (WB_KL-59) | read full textkáru vaa káan ávansa u-pakxuyvîichvu-ti pa-káan t-u-'iipkúrih also so there man 3s(>3)-seek.good-luck-DUR NOMZ-there PERF-3s(>3)-dive And a man is looking for good luck there when he dives in there. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Pool in Big Rock" (WB_KL-59) | read full textt-u-'iipkúrih-ar xáat káru ni-'iv PERF-3s(>3)-dive-go.to may also 1s(>3)-die He went to dive in, (thinking), "I may even die." Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Pool in Big Rock" (WB_KL-59) | read full textxás yánava vúra taay p-eekrívraam káru vúra taay pa-'áraar-as then visible Intensive much the-house also Intensive much the-human-PL And he saw there were a lot of houses and a lot of people. Source: Daisy Jones, "The Snake People" (WB_KL-60) | read full textkáru vúra xáat nee-hrúuthvah-i also Intensive may 2s/3s>1s-make.slave.of-IMPER And you may even take me as your slave." Source: Mamie Offield, "The Devil and the Girl" (WB_KL-64) | read full textkári xás u-p-ákih xás káru vúra ú-hruuthvah then then 3s(>3)-ITER-give.(things).to then also Intensive 3s(>3)-make.slave.of So she gave them back to him, and she took him as her slave. Source: Mamie Offield, "The Devil and the Girl" (WB_KL-64) | read full textsáran sii káru yúfish káru asúxiim káru rope go.get.(things) awl also salt also sugar-pine.gum also rope Go get nails and salt and sugar and rope!" Source: Julia Starritt, "How the Rube Family Was Named" (WB_KL-66) | read full textkáruma itráhyar káru itrôop ú-thvuuy-ti pa-kúth ára u-patumkôo-tih in.fact ten also five 3s(>3)-be.named-DUR NOMZ-because.of person 3s(>3)-suck.disease-DUR The fact was, she charged fifteen (dollars) for sucking a person. Source: Julia Starritt, "A Quack Doctor" (WB_KL-67) | read full textpa-'áama kun-'áam-ti káru vúra pa-'éekoons the-salmon 3pl(>3s)-eat-DUR also Intensive the-acorns They ate the salmon and the acorns. Source: Maggie Charley, "Indian Food" (WB_KL-68) | read full textxás koovúra vaa kun-'áam-tih pa-púufich káru pa-'áama káru pa-'éekoons káru pá-piish then all so 3pl(>3s)-eat-DUR the-deer also the-salmon also the-acorns also the-soaked.acorns And they ate all that, the deer and the salmon and the acorns and the soaked acorns. Source: Maggie Charley, "Indian Food" (WB_KL-68) | read full textakráa káru kun-'áam-tih eel also 3pl(>3s)-eat-DUR They ate eels too. Source: Maggie Charley, "Indian Food" (WB_KL-68) | read full textkáru pu-'aam-tíh-ap káru pishpíshih also NEG-eat-DUR-NEG also yellowjacket And (the fishermen) didn't eat honey either. Source: Julia Starritt, "Salmon Fishing" (WB_KL-69) | read full textkáru pa-vimtáap kun-takvára-tih also the-arrow 3pl(>3s)-wear.diagonally-DUR And they carried the arrows across their chest. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Deer Hunting" (WB_KL-70) | read full textkáru káakum mah'íitnihach kun-tátapvu-naa-ti also some early.morning 3pl(>3s)-trap-PL-DUR And some men were trapping early in the morning. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Deer Hunting" (WB_KL-70) | read full texthâari itroopa-'átiv káru vúra hâari kumatêeshich sometime five-burden.basket:load also Intensive sometime still.more Sometimes there were five basket-loads and sometimes more. Source: Julia Starritt, "Soaking Acorns" (WB_KL-75) | read full textpúyava vúra káan sú' u-krítumkuri hâari itha-hárinay káru hâari kumá-xara you.see Intensive there inside 3s(>3)-pile.into sometime all-year also sometime 3sPOSS-long.time So (the acorns) were piled in there, sometimes a year and sometimes longer. Source: Julia Starritt, "Soaking Acorns" (WB_KL-75) | read full textimpúukach káru kun-'áv-eesh káru áthiik warmish also 3pl(>3s)-eat-FUT also cold They would eat them either warm or cold. Source: Julia Starritt, "Soaking Acorns" (WB_KL-75) | read full textp-eekmaháchraam uum yíth u-kup-eekyâa-hi-ti káru p-eekrívraam uum vúra yith the-sweathouse 3.SG other 3s(>3)-MODAL-make-Modal-DUR also the-house 3.SG Intensive other The sweathouse was made one way and the living-house another. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Sweathouse" (WB_KL-76) | read full textxás ápap-kam káru u-súruruprin-ahi-tih then one.side-side also 3s(>3)-have.holes-ESS-DUR And on the other side, there was also a hole through. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Sweathouse" (WB_KL-76) | read full textxás pa-mu-chivchákar káru uum ipshûunkinich then the-3sPOSS-door also 3.SG low And their door was low too. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Living-house" (WB_KL-77) | read full textxás u-kyâa-hi-ti pa-káan kun-iváxraahmath-ti pa-'áama káru vúra fâat vúra pa-kun-tâarahi-tih then 3s(>3)-make-ESS-DUR NOMZ-there 3pl(>3s)-dry.(something)-DUR the-salmon also Intensive what Intensive NOMZ-3pl(>3s)-have-DUR And they were made so that they dried fish there and whatever (else) they had. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Living-house" (WB_KL-77) | read full textxás âapun vúra uum p-oo-tâayhi-ti pa-mukun-'ásip káru vúra fâat vúra pa-kun-tâarahi-ti pa-kun-imnísh-eesh then on.the.ground Intensive 3.SG NOMZ-3s(>3)-be.many-DUR the-3plPOSS-bowl also Intensive what Intensive NOMZ-3pl(>3s)-have-DUR NOMZ-3pl(>3s)-cook-FUT And on the floor were their cooking baskets and whatever else they had when they were going to cook. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Living-house" (WB_KL-77) | read full textxás kun-sáanvu-ti áhup ú-thvuuy-ti imtháatvar káru tákasar then 3pl(>3s)-carry.(things)-DUR wood 3s(>3)-be.named-DUR shinny.stick also shinny.tossel And they carried sticks, they were called shinny sticks and a 'tossel' (i.e., a double ball). Source: Julia Starritt, "The Shinny Game" (WB_KL-78) | read full textxákarari áxak pa-'ávans-as káru áachip áxak on.both.sides two the-man-PL also middle two There were two men at each end and two in the middle. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Shinny Game" (WB_KL-78) | read full textxás uumkun káru ka'kúkam tá kun-ithvíripvarak then they also little.upriver PERF 3pl(>3s)-run.downriver.(two) Then the ones on the upriver end ran down. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Shinny Game" (WB_KL-78) | read full textkáru uumkun pa-ka'kúkam vúra kun-kuph-eesh also they the-little.upriver Intensive 3pl(>3s)-do-FUT Those on the upriver side would do it also. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Shinny Game" (WB_KL-78) | read full textvaa uum pa-paaxkív-tih-an uum p-eekpihan-'íshiip káru p-eeshnanich-'íshiip so 3.SG NOMZ-win.(game)-DUR-Participial 3.SG the-strong-most also the-light-most The winners were the strongest and the swiftest. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Shinny Game" (WB_KL-78) | read full texthâari aax t-óo sáan-sur pa-yíkihar káru hâari thúkin sometime blood PERF-3s(>3) carry.(things)-off the-sick also sometime bile Sometimes she took blood off of the sick person, and sometimes bile. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Sucking Doctor" (WB_KL-80) | read full textpa-'aneekyávaan uum pírish pa-'óo-hruuv-tih káru hâari pirish-'éepuum the-doctor 3.SG plant NOMZ-3s(>3)-use-DUR also sometime plant-root The sweating doctor used plants and sometimes plant roots. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Sweating Doctor" (WB_KL-81) | read full textkáru hâari t-u-'ísh káakum pa-'ánav also sometime PERF-3s(>3)-drink some the-medicine And sometimes (the patient) drank some of the medicine. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Sweating Doctor" (WB_KL-81) | read full textkáru pa-yeeripáxvuh-sas avansáxiich-as asuuxár-as also the-adolescent.girl-PL boy-PL fasting-PL And the girls and little boys were fasting. Source: Emily Donahue, "The Pikiawish at Katimin" (WB_KL-82) | read full textasipárax nu-'átivu-ti káru múruk káru tásvaan káru tarípaan káru ikrívkir nu-'êeth-tih cooking.basket 1pl(>3)-carry.in.a.burden.basket-DUR also mealing-tray also spatula also dipper.basket also disk-seat 1pl(>3)-carry-DUR In burden baskets we carried cooking baskets and tray baskets and soup stirrers and dippers, and we carried a stool. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Pikiawish at Katimin" (WB_KL-83) | read full textaxak-súpaa asuuxár-as nu-'íin káru ithéekxaram two-day fasting-PL 1pl(>3)-(two).be also all.night We two stayed fasting for two days and a night. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Pikiawish at Katimin" (WB_KL-83) | read full textkáru pu-'íshaha kín-'iish-tih-ara also NEG-water 1pl(>3)-drink-DUR-NEG And we didn't drink water. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Pikiawish at Katimin" (WB_KL-83) | read full textkári koovúra tá nu-pávyiihraa pee-kxariya'áraar káru imúsaan then all PERF 1pl(>3)-come.here.(pl.) the-medicine.man also assistant.priest We all came back up, (including) the priest and the assistant priest. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Pikiawish at Katimin" (WB_KL-83) | read full textkáru káh'ir t-u-várak also upriver.world-renewal PERF-3s(>3)-come.down And they did the war dance. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Pikiawish at Katimin" (WB_KL-83) | read full textvaa kumá'ii pa-yêepshas pa-sárip itharípriik aayâach vaa uum vâaram-sas káru xúnutich so because.of NOMZ-good.(pl.) the-hazel.twigs fir.forest it.was.because so 3.SG long-PL also flexible.(dimin.) The hazel twigs are good in the fir forest for this reason, it is because they are long and flexible. Source: Emily Donahue, "Preparing Basket Materials" (WB_KL-85) | read full textpa-tuyshipnee'ípanich va-sárip vaa uum ipshûunkinich-as káru úruh-sas the-mountain.peak 3sPOSS-hazel.twigs so 3.SG low-PL also round-PL The hazel twigs of the hilltop are short and stubby (lit., round). Source: Emily Donahue, "Preparing Basket Materials" (WB_KL-85) | read full textasiktávaan-sas káru vúra ávans-as koovúra kun-tháruf-vunaa-tih woman-PL also Intensive man-PL all 3pl(>3s)-peel.sticks-PL-DUR All the men and women peeled them. Source: Emily Donahue, "Preparing Basket Materials" (WB_KL-85) | read full textaxyúus u-kyâar-ahi-ti káru yuxtháran káru sápruuk u-kyâar-ahi-tih pine-nut.sp. 3s(>3)-make.with-ESS-DUR also abalone also olivella.shell 3s(>3)-make.with-ESS-DUR It was made with digger-pine nuts and abalone shell and it was made with olivella shells. Source: Julia Starritt, "Indian Clothes" (WB_KL-86) | read full textpa-mukun-'ápxaan u-kyâar-ahi-ti sárip káru sárum the-3plPOSS-cap 3s(>3)-make.with-ESS-DUR hazel.twigs also Jeffrey.pine.root Their hats were made with hazel twigs and pine-roots. Source: Julia Starritt, "Indian Clothes" (WB_KL-86) | read full textkun-ikxúrikara-ti panyúrar káru ikritápkir káru tíiptiip 3pl(>3s)-decorate.with-DUR beargrass also maidenhair.fern also Woodwardia.fern They were decorated with bear-lily leaves and five-finger fern and chain fern. Source: Julia Starritt, "Indian Clothes" (WB_KL-86) | read full textxás pa-mukun-'ápxaan uum u-vík-ahi-ti pa-sárum mûuk káru pa-panyúrar káru p-eekritápkir káru pa-tíiptiip then the-3plPOSS-cap 3.SG 3s(>3)-weave-ESS-DUR the-Jeffrey.pine.root with.(by.means.of) also the-beargrass also the-maidenhair.fern also the-Woodwardia.fern And their hats were woven with the pine-roots and the bear-lily leaves and the five-finger fern and the chain fern. Source: Julia Starritt, "Indian Clothes" (WB_KL-86) | read full texthâari tírih-shas káru hâari vúra tûupichas kuynákmahich p-oo-sasip-úniih-va sometime wide-PL also sometime Intensive small.ones three.at.a.time NOMZ-3s(>3)-be.in.line.(pl.)-down-PL.ACT Sometimes they were wide and sometimes they were narrow, and sometimes they were each (composed of) three little ones running down. Source: Julia Starritt, "Tattoos" (WB_KL-87) | read full textxás amyiv káru athkúrit ta kun-íyshar xás vaa tá kun-iyvúruk pa-thúkinh-ak then soot also fat PERF 3pl(>3s)-mix.with then so PERF 3pl(>3s)-rub the-tattoo-Locative Then they mixed soot and grease, and they rubbed it on the tattoo. Source: Julia Starritt, "Tattoos" (WB_KL-87) | read full textxás yáas káru ánav then then also medicine And then for medicine too. Source: Emily Donahue, "Professor Gifford's Visit" (WB_KL-88) | read full textkáru ávansa káan u-hyárih ú-ksuupku-ti pa-'ípaha also man there 3s(>3)-stand 3s(>3)-point.at-DUR the-tree And a man is standing there, he is pointing at the tree. Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full textkáru yítha ú-kviip-ti mukún-'aavkam also one 3s(>3)-run-DUR 3plPOSS-ahead And one is running in front of them. Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full textxás uum káru ú-ksuupku-tih pa-'ípaha then 3.SG also 3s(>3)-point.at-DUR the-tree She too is pointing at the tree. Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full textkáru yítha pa-'ávansa mu-pîimach u-hyárih also one the-man 3sPOSS-next.to 3s(>3)-stand And one man is standing next to her. Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full textkáru uum vaa vúra ú-kviip-ti mú-'aavkam also 3.SG so Intensive 3s(>3)-run-DUR 3sPOSS-ahead And (the one) is running in front of her like that. Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full textkáan tishrám-kaam xás ú-hthaamhi-tih káru ipahá-'anamahach káan u-'íihya there valley-large then 3s(>3)-plant-DUR also tree-little there 3s(>3)-stand.(long.object) A big field is there, and a man is planting there, and a little tree is standing there. Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full textkáru pirish-xárah-sa u-vêehrim-va mu-pîimach also plant-long-PL 3s(>3)-stand.(things)-PL.ACT 3sPOSS-next.to And tall grass is standing next to him. Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full textu-tishramhúniih-va káru máruk víri vaa káan káru u-hthaamhí-ram-hi-tih 3s(>3)-be.downhill.slope-PL.ACT also uphill so so there also 3s(>3)-plant-place-DENOM-DUR There are fields on the slopes uphill also, there is cultivated ground there too. Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full textu-kûuntakoo pá-chishiih ikrivtakukír-iipux káru ishrêer-iipux 3s(>3)-sit.(on) the-dog saddle-without also bridle-without He is riding the horse, without a saddle, and without a bridle. Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full textkáru tapas'ápsuun káan ithyárukirukam u-tákviihriv mu-xvâa a' u-hyárih also rattlesnake there on.other.side.of.river 3s(>3)-lie.coiled 3sPOSS-head above 3s(>3)-stand And a rattlesnake is lying coiled there across-stream, its head is standing up. Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full textp-aaxíich uumkun káru tá kun-mah pa-'ápsuun the-child they also PERF 3pl(>3s)-see the-snake The children also see the snakes. Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full textkáru pá-paa úuth u-thívruuh-tih also the-boat out.to.water 3s(>3)-float-DUR And the boat is floating out in the water. Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full textpayôok yurástiim kun-ifyúkiichvu-tih pa-'ávansa káru pa-yeeripáxvuh right.here seashore 3pl(>3s)-go.around-DUR the-man also the-adolescent.girl Here the man and the girl are taking a walk on the seashore. Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full textxás kári u-piip chími akâay kích vúra káru kiik-píkaan then then 3s(>3)-say soon who only Intensive also 2pl(>3)-go.get And she said, "Go get somebody else, too! Source: Nettie Ruben, "Blue Jay as Doctor" (WB_LA78.1-004a) | read full text
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