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1. xás   pihnêefich   u-píip   púya   pay   uum   váah   then   coyote   3s(>3)-say   and.so   this   3.SG   so

   Then Coyote said, "So this is all right!" Source: Mrs. Bennett, "Screech Owl and Coyote" (ALK_14-35) | read full text

2. akâay   uum   mi-'áraar   who   3.SG   2sPOSS-relative

   Who are your relations? Source: Charlie Thom, Sr., Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (CT-01) | read full text Spoken by Charlie Thom, Sr. | Download | Play

3. vúra   uum   pu-ná-'aapunmu-tih-ara   Intensive   3.SG   NEG-1s(>3)-know-DUR-NEG

   I don't know (anything). Source: Charlie Thom, Sr., Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (CT-01) | read full text Spoken by Charlie Thom, Sr. | Download | Play

4. fâat   uum   vaa   what   3.SG   that

   What is this? Source: Charlie Thom, Sr., Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (CT-01) | read full text Spoken by Charlie Thom, Sr. | Download | Play

5. t-u-pishyáavpa   vúra   uum   táay   pa-nani-'áhup   PERF-3s(>3)-be.winter   Intensive   3.SG   much   the-1sPOSS-wood

   In wintertime I had a lot of wood. Source: Charlie Thom, Sr., How Charlie Grew Up (CT-02) | read full text Spoken by Charlie Thom, Sr. | Download | Play

6. úum   pa-pihnîichich   vúra   kich   itíhaan   iinâak   ú-krii   áah   u-kyâa-tih   3.SG   the-old.man   Intensive   only   always   indoors   3s(>3)-live   fire   3s(>3)-make-DUR

   Their old man always sat inside, tending the fire. Source: Margaret Harrie, "The Ten Young Men who Became the Pleiades" (DAF_KT-02) | read full text

7. xas   úum   asáxvuh   pa-pihnîich   then   3.SG   turtle   the-old.man

   Then the old man (changed himself into) a turtle. Source: Margaret Harrie, "The Ten Young Men who Became the Pleiades" (DAF_KT-02) | read full text

8. káru   pa-'axíit-ich-as   uum   ataynamtunvêech   kun-párihish   also   the-child-DIM-PL   3.SG   Pleiades   3pl(>3s)-be.transformed

   And the children turned into the Pleiades. Source: Margaret Harrie, "The Ten Young Men who Became the Pleiades" (DAF_KT-02) | read full text

9. uknîi   ataháreesh   vúra   u-yíkihi-ti   uum   vúra   mahnûuvanach   once.upon.a.time   always   Intensive   3s(>3)-get.sick-DUR   3.SG   Intensive   chipmunk

   uknîi. Chipmunk was sick all the time. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Bluejay, Medicine-Man" (DAF_KT_03) | read full text

10. kári   xás   xanpuchíniishveenach   uum   vúra   u-masmáahvu-tih   then   then   hummingbird   3.SG   Intensive   3s(>3)-dance.for.curing-DUR

    Now that fellow Hummingbird was dancing the medicine dance. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Bluejay, Medicine-Man" (DAF_KT_03) | read full text

11. kári   xás   kachakâach   âapun   u'piiri   uum   t-u-p-ikrîish   then   then   bluejay   on.the.ground      3.SG   PERF-3s(>3)-ITER-sit.down

    But Bluejay was still sitting there. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Bluejay, Medicine-Man" (DAF_KT_03) | read full text

12. uum   táay   mu-sunyithih'ásar   u-shavsiprin-ahi   3.SG   much   3sPOSS-chinquapin.nut.juicy   3s(>3)-pay.as.fee-ESS

    He was paid much chestnut mush for treating him. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Bluejay, Medicine-Man" (DAF_KT_03) | read full text

13. hûutva-heesh   uum   p-ee-'íithvu-ti-haak   p-ee-capture-haak   somehow-FUT   3.SG   ITER-2s(>3)-pack-DUR-when   ITER-2s(>3)-capture-when

    How will you pack him, after you capture him? Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text Spoken by Grace Davis | Download | Play

14. v-oom   can you make one   like   that size   so-3.SG   can you make one   like   that size

    That one, can you make one, like, that size? Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Play

15. xáyfaat   uum   vaa   i-pí-ti   you don't know   hôoy   if   i-pí-ti   pu-ná-'aapunmu-tih-ara   don't!   3.SG   so   2s(>3)-say-DUR   you don't know   where   truly   2s(>3)-say-DUR   NEG-1s(>3)-know-DUR-NEG

    Don't say, [in English] "I don't know.” Say [in Karuk] "I don't know." Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text Spoken by Grace Davis | Download | Play

16. no   páy   kích   uum   kun-ipí-ti   u-víik-tih   no   this   only   3.SG   3pl(>3s)-say-DUR   3s(>3)-weave-DUR

    People always say you're weaving. Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Play

17. vaa   káan   xáat   uum   fikriip-tih   so   there   may   3.SG   pick.out-DUR

    [I put them] there hoping they will be sorted. Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Play

18. vaa   hûut   ni-kupá'-aapunm-ah-eesh   hûut   uum   koo-s   so   how   1s(>3)-do-know-Modal-FUT   how   3.SG   so.much-PL

    How will I know what size? Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Play

19. víri   v-oom   p-ée-muustih-aak   i-xús-eesh   mâa   vaa   pay   so   so-3.SG   NOMZ-2s(>3)-look.at-when   2s(>3)-think-FUT   look!   so   this

    When you look at it, you'll think, “That's it.” Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text Spoken by Grace Davis | Download | Play

20. chími   fâat   ayu'âach vúra   uum   vúra   vaa   tá-ni-'áfish   mâa    vaa   pay   vaahyâach   soon   what   it.was.because Intensive   3.SG   Intensive   so   PERF-1s(>3)-touch   look!   so   this   exactly.that

    It's because I feel it, [I think] “That's the right one!” Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Play

21. pi'êep    kun-ipí-tih   pa-yupsírihar-as   uum   vaa   xás   mukun-fikríp-ar-as   long.ago   3pl(>3s)-say-DUR   the-blind-PL   3.SG   so   then   3plPOSS-pick.out-INST-PL

    Long ago, they say, the blind people were their sorters. Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Play

22. man'áta   pa-kéevniikich   uum   pufâat   mú-kyav   maybe   the-old.woman.(dimin.)   3.SG   nothing   3sPOSS-making

    Maybe an old woman, she had nothing to do. Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text Spoken by Grace Davis | Download | Play

23. víri   man   ayu'âach   uum   u-yupsírihi-ti   so   why...   it.was.because   3.SG   3s(>3)-be.blind-DUR

    Well of course, because she's blind. Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Play

24. uum   vaa   káan   kích   ú-krii-va   u-fíkriip-ti   3.SG   so   there   only   3s(>3)-live-PL.ACT   3s(>3)-pick.out-DUR

    She just sits there, she sorts them. Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Play

25. pa-tûupichas   uum   i-hrôov-ish   the-small.ones   3.SG   2s(>3)-use-?

    You can use the little ones. Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Play

26. vúra   uum   yav   it comes out nice   Intensive   3.SG   good   it comes out nice

    It's just fine, it comes out nice. Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Play

27. But my weavers   uum   kêechas-hiruva   But my weavers   3.SG   big.ones-too

    But my weavers, they're too big. Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Play

28. káru   uum   yíth   kun-kupee-kyâa-hi-tih   also   3.SG   other   3pl(>3s)-MODAL-make-Modal-DUR

    They make a different kind for that. Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text Spoken by Grace Davis | Download | Play

29. vaa   p-eemváram   kích   vaa   uum   kích   ni-xú-ti   vaa   tákiram   so   the-plate   only   so   3.SG   only   1s(>3)-think-DUR   so   acorn-leaching.hole

    All I know about plates is for soaking acorn dough Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Play

30. káru   pa-pufich-'imváram   uum   yith   also   the-deer-plate   3.SG   other

    And the deermeat plate is different. Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Play

31. manâa   uum   pu-koovúra   kin-'ítap-tih-ara   pu-koovúra   kin-'áapunmu-tih-ara   pa-kúupha   maybe   3.SG   NEG-all   1>2s-know-DUR-NEG   NEG-all   1pl(>3)-know-DUR-NEG   the-doing

    We didn't learn everything, we don't know all the customs. Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text Spoken by Grace Davis | Download | Play

32. ásip   uum   bowl   3.SG

    It's “ásip”. Source: Violet Super, Grace Davis, Madeline Davis, Conversation: Weaving (GD-MD-VSu-01) | read full text Spoken by Grace Davis | Download | Play

33. Lyn   uum   áthiik   Lyn   3.SG   cold

    Lyn was cold. Source: Julian Lang, Vina Smith, Conversation: Julian's Day (JL-VS-01) | read full text Spoken by Julian Lang | Download | Play

34. xás   pihnêefich   panámniik   u-'íhukar-anik   uum   masuh'ára-hanik   pihnêefich   then   coyote   Orleans   3s(>3)-go.flower-dancing-ANC   3.SG   Konornihu.Shastan.Indian-ANC   coyote

    Then Coyote went to attend a flower dance at Orleans, he was a Salmon River person, Coyote was. Source: Phoebe Maddux, "Coyote Attends a Flower Dance at Orleans" (JPH_KIM-08) | read full text

35. víri   uum   vúra   u-'íhivrik   yuhih   mûuk   iiv   u-mahavrik-tih   so   3.SG   Intensive   3s(>3)-answer   Yurok.language   with.(by.means.of)   meaning.unknown   3s(>3)-see.coming-DUR

    He answered in Yurok, he was groaning. Source: Phoebe Maddux, "Coyote Attends a Flower Dance at Orleans" (JPH_KIM-08) | read full text

36. kári   xas   kun-piip   chími   nu-'írunaa   pay   uum   vúra   pihnîichich   then   then   3pl(>3s)-say   soon   1pl(>3)-go.(pl.)   this   3.SG   Intensive   old.man

    Then they said: "Let's travel; it is some old man." Source: Phoebe Maddux, "Coyote Attends a Flower Dance at Orleans" (JPH_KIM-08) | read full text

37. xas   u-xus   tîi   matêe   kan-pútyiinkach-i   páy   pa-'asa-yâamach-ak   vúra   uum   yâamach   pa-'as   then   3s(>3)-think   let...   later   1s(>3)-defecate.on-IMPER   this   the-rock-pretty-Locative   Intensive   3.SG   pretty   the-rock

    Then he thought: "Let me do just a little bit of job on this nice rock, it looks so nice." Source: Phoebe Maddux, "How Western Yellow-Bellied Racer was Transformed" (JPH_KIM-10) | read full text

38. chavúra   pâanpay   pirishkâarim   káan   u-thivkêe-v-anik   pa-kun-'úuhyana-tih-irak   xás   vúra   uum   kun-vîiha   pa-kaan   u-'uum   finally   after.while   grizzly   there   3s(>3)-go.along-PL.ACT-ANC   NOMZ-3pl(>3s)-speak-DUR-where   then   Intensive   3.SG   3pl(>3s)-hate   NOMZ-there   3s(>3)-arrive

    Then later on Grizzly Bear went in there with them, where they were talking (it) over, and they did not like it when he arrived. Source: Yaas, "How Grizzly Bear Got his Ears Burnt Off" (JPH_KT-01a) | read full text

39. uum   vúra   kích   a'   ú-krii   ma'tîimich   pirishkâarim   púxay   vúra   kêena-tih-ara   3.SG   Intensive   only   above   3s(>3)-live   back.corner.of.sweathouse   grizzly   not.yet   Intensive   move-DUR-NEG

    Grizzly Bear alone was sitting up in the back part of the sweathouse, he never moved. Source: Yaas, "How Grizzly Bear Got his Ears Burnt Off" (JPH_KT-01a) | read full text

40. vúra   uum   puxich   imfir   t-u-vîish   Intensive   3.SG   very.much   hot   PERF-3s(>3)-come.down

    Then it got awfully hot. Source: Yaas, "How Grizzly Bear Got his Ears Burnt Off" (JPH_KT-01a) | read full text

41. uum   vúra   kun-xúseen-tih-anik   kíri   hûuk   u-'uum   vúra   kun-vîih-anik   3.SG   Intensive   3pl(>3s)-think.about-DUR-ANC   I.wish   to.where   3s(>3)-arrive   Intensive   3pl(>3s)-hate-ANC

    They had been wishing for him to go off, for they disliked him. Source: Yaas, "How Grizzly Bear Got his Ears Burnt Off" (JPH_KT-01a) | read full text

42. xás   uum   vúra   váa   p-óo-kfuukraa-nik   pirishkâarim   u-párihishrih-anik   then   3.SG   Intensive   so   NOMZ-3s(>3)-climb.up.from.downhill-ANC   grizzly   3s(>3)-be.transformed-ANC

    And when he climbed up slope he was metamorphosed into the grizzly bear. Source: Yaas, "How Grizzly Bear Got his Ears Burnt Off" (JPH_KT-01a) | read full text

43. víri   vaa   mu-'íffuth   pirishkyâarim   ta   'íp   uum   máruk   kúkkuum   kári   vaa   kun-kúpha-'anik   p-eekxaréeyav   atipimámvaan   achvúun   xákkaan   kun-váthth-êen'nik   so   so   3sPOSS-afterward   grizzly   PERF   PAST   3.SG   uphill   again   then   so   3pl(>3s)-do-ANC   the-spirit.person   buzzard   hookbill.salmon   both   3pl(>3s)-fight-ANC

    Then after Grizzly Bear was already up the hill, again the Ikxareyavs did it, Buzzard and Hookbill had a fight. Source: Yaas, "How Buzzard Became Bald" (JPH_KT-01b) | read full text

44. uum   vúra   vaa   kári   kyáan   kun-pakúriihvu-ti   pa-mu-pákkuri   achvuun   3.SG   Intensive   so   then   there   3pl(>3s)-sing.songs-DUR   the-3sPOSS-song   hookbill.salmon

    They are still singing Hookbill's song there [in the Amekyaram sweathouse]. Source: Yaas, "How Buzzard Became Bald" (JPH_KT-01b) | read full text

45. xás   úum   vúra   hitíhaan   p-oo-pí-tih   "kahyúras   ni-vâaram-eesh   íshpuk   ni-pachnútar-eesh   then   3.SG   Intensive   always   NOMZ-3s(>3)-say-DUR   "Klamath.Lakes   1s(>3)-go-FUT   dentalium.shells   1s(>3)-go.to.suck-FUT

    Then he (Coyote) said all the time: "I am going to go to the Klamath Lakes to suck out dentalia." Source: Phoebe Maddux, "Coyote Starts for Klamath Lakes, East Roasted Grasshoppers, Floats Down River and Marries Two Girls" (JPH_KT-05) | read full text

46. hínupa   vúra   uum   vaa   t-óo   p-thívruhvarak   surprise   Intensive   3.SG   so   PERF-3s(>3)   ITER-float.down.from.upriver

    He floated down the river. Source: Phoebe Maddux, "Coyote Starts for Klamath Lakes, East Roasted Grasshoppers, Floats Down River and Marries Two Girls" (JPH_KT-05) | read full text

47. vaa   uum   ifápiit-ich   îin   na-tâatripaa-vish   so   3.SG   young.unmarried.woman-DIM   TOPIC   2s/3s>1s-hook.toward.land-FUT

    Then a young girl can hook me out. Source: Phoebe Maddux, "Coyote Starts for Klamath Lakes, East Roasted Grasshoppers, Floats Down River and Marries Two Girls" (JPH_KT-05) | read full text

48. púya   uum   v-oo-kúpha-anik   pihnêefich   and.so   3.SG   so-3s(>3)-do-ANC   coyote

    That's the way Coyote did. Source: Phoebe Maddux, "Coyote Starts for Klamath Lakes, East Roasted Grasshoppers, Floats Down River and Marries Two Girls" (JPH_KT-05) | read full text

49. uum   pihnêefich   koovúra   mu-savás-iivsha   3.SG   coyote   all   3sPOSS-child.of.deceased.sibling-PLUR

    Coyote was nephew through mourning to everybody. Source: Phoebe Maddux, "Coyote Starts for Klamath Lakes, East Roasted Grasshoppers, Floats Down River and Marries Two Girls" (JPH_KT-05) | read full text

50. púya   uum   v-oo-kúpha-anik   pihnêefich   and.so   3.SG   so-3s(>3)-do-ANC   coyote

    Coyote did thus. Source: Phoebe Maddux, "Coyote Starts for Klamath Lakes, East Roasted Grasshoppers, Floats Down River and Marries Two Girls" (JPH_KT-05) | read full text

51. pimnanihtanákaanich   uum   afíshnihanich-hanik   mourning.dove   3.SG   young.man.(dimin.)-ANC

    Mourning dove was a young man. Source: Fritz Hansen, "Mourning Dove Young Man Gambles away his Doodle Bug Grandmother's Dress" (JPH_KT-06) | read full text

52. xas   uum   vúra   váa   kich   u-kupí-tih-anik   p-óo-thtii-tih-anik   then   3.SG   Intensive   so   only   3s(>3)-do-DUR-ANC   NOMZ-3s(>3)-gamble-DUR-ANC

    And all that he used to do was to gamble. Source: Fritz Hansen, "Mourning Dove Young Man Gambles away his Doodle Bug Grandmother's Dress" (JPH_KT-06) | read full text

53. kúna   úum   pa-hôotah   yâak   nu-'ípak-ahaak   hínupa   ta-pu-'ára   íin-ara   in.addition   3.SG   NOMZ-late   good.place   1pl(>3)-come.back-when   surprise   PERF-NEG-person   exist-NEG

    If we came back late to the good place, humankind would not exist. Source: Yaas, "How Fish were Transformed" (JPH_KT-07) | read full text

54. káru   uum   achvúun   ú-paanik   "naa   vúra   pishîich   yaas'ára   îin   ná-'aam-tih-eesh   pa-ni-'îipma-haak   also   3.SG   hookbill.salmon   3s(>3)-say.(ancient)   "1sg.   Intensive   first   rich.person   TOPIC   2s/3s>1s-eat-DUR-FUT   NOMZ-1s(>3)-return-when

    And Hookbill said: “Human will eat me the first thing, when I get there.” Source: Yaas, "How Fish were Transformed" (JPH_KT-07) | read full text

55. káru   akraah   uum   ú-paanik   "naa   káru   pishîich   ni-'ípak-tih-eesh   xátikrupma   also   eel   3.SG   3s(>3)-say.(ancient)   "1sg.   also   first   1s(>3)-come.back-DUR-FUT   springtime

    And the Eel said: “I will also get there first in the spring.” Source: Yaas, "How Fish were Transformed" (JPH_KT-07) | read full text

56. xas   uum   vúra   hitíhaan   kuma-súpaa   p-oo-pȋiriihi-ti   pa-mu-'ávan   pa-xuun   then   3.SG   Intensive   always   3sPOSS-day   NOMZ-3s(>3)-save-DUR   the-3sPOSS-husband   the-acorn.soup

    She was saving acorn soup all the time every day for her man. Source: Abner's mother, "Crow Woman and her Neglectful Husband" (JPH_KT-08) | read full text

57. hínupa   uum   u-'iimníhvu-tih   surprise   3.SG   3s(>3)-have.love.affair-DUR

    [Then the woman said] “He was in love [was staying away with a girl].” Source: Abner's mother, "Crow Woman and her Neglectful Husband" (JPH_KT-08) | read full text

58. uum   vúra   v-oo-kupi-tti'   pa-t-óo   kxáramha   kári   t-óo   p-chanchákkar   káru   pa-t-u-súpaaha   kári   kyúkkuum   t-u-'êetchúr-ar   pa-t-u-súpaaha'   t-u-chánchaaksur-ar   pa-t-u-súpaaha'   3.SG   Intensive   so-3s(>3)-do-DUR   NOMZ-PERF-3s(>3)   be.night   then   PERF-3s(>3)   ITER-go.to.close.roof-hatch   also   NOMZ-PERF-3s(>3)-become.day   then   again   PERF-3s(>3)-take.off.of-go.to   NOMZ-PERF-3s(>3)-become.day   PERF-3s(>3)-close.roof-hatch-go.to   NOMZ-PERF-3s(>3)-become.day

    He [Coyote] was doing that way, was closing evenings the living-house roof hole and mornings opened it up, when morning came, opened it when morning came. Source: Fritz Hansen, "Coyote Falls through the Living-House Roof Hole" (JPH_KT-12) | read full text

59. uum   vúra   vaa   hitíhaan   u-kupí-tti'   3.SG   Intensive   so   always   3s(>3)-do-DUR

    That was his job. Source: Fritz Hansen, "Coyote Falls through the Living-House Roof Hole" (JPH_KT-12) | read full text

60. púya   uum   v-oo-kuph-aanik   pihnêeffich   and.so   3.SG   that-3s(>3)-do-ANC   coyote

    Coyote did this. Source: Fritz Hansen, "Coyote Falls through the Living-House Roof Hole" (JPH_KT-12) | read full text

61. uum   káru   káan   ú-krii   kachakâachich   3.SG   also   there   3s(>3)-live   bluejay.(dim.)

    Bluejay was also living there. Source: Phoebe Maddux, "Bluejay Myth" (JPH_PHM-24-343a) | read full text

62. kári   xás   u-piip   uum   vúra   vaa   páy   arara-'îin   kun-xúseen-tih   kíri   âapun   ú-yruuhriv   then   then   3s(>3)-say   3.SG   Intensive   so   this   human-TOPIC   3pl(>3s)-think.about-DUR   I.wish   on.the.ground   3s(>3)-(sg.).lie

    Then she said: "Someone is causing her sickness. Source: Phoebe Maddux, "Bluejay Myth" (JPH_PHM-24-343a) | read full text

63. uum   vúra   vaa   páy   ta-kun-ápur   3.SG   Intensive   so   this   PERF-3pl(>3s)-bewitch

    Someone is bewitching her. Source: Phoebe Maddux, "Bluejay Myth" (JPH_PHM-24-343a) | read full text

64. payêem   uum   xúrish   kana-'ákih-i   now   3.SG   shelled.acorn   2pl>1s-give.(things).to-IMPER

    Give me acorns." Source: Phoebe Maddux, "Bluejay Myth" (JPH_PHM-24-343a) | read full text

65. xás   kúkuum   vúra   v-oo-piip   uum   vúra   arara-'îin   kun-xúseen-tih   then   again   Intensive   so-3s(>3)-say   3.SG   Intensive   human-TOPIC   3pl(>3s)-think.about-DUR

    Then she said: "Somebody is making it." Source: Phoebe Maddux, "Bluejay Myth" (JPH_PHM-24-343a) | read full text

66. xás   payêem   uum   athithxuntápan   kana-'ákih-i   then   now   3.SG   hazelnut   2pl>1s-give.(things).to-IMPER

    "Give me hazel nuts this time." Source: Phoebe Maddux, "Bluejay Myth" (JPH_PHM-24-343a) | read full text

67. púya-va   uum   u-kúpha-anik   kachakâachich   and.so-so   3.SG   3s(>3)-do-ANC   bluejay.(dim.)

    Behold Bluejay did this way. Source: Phoebe Maddux, "Bluejay Myth" (JPH_PHM-24-343a) | read full text

68. uum   v-oo-kúpha-anik   kachakâachich   3.SG   so-3s(>3)-do-ANC   bluejay.(dim.)

    Bluejay is that way. Source: Phoebe Maddux, "Bluejay Myth" (JPH_PHM-24-343a) | read full text

69. chishíih   áta   ník   uum   vúr   u-'áam-ti   íkkiich   áta   v-óo-thvuuy-ti   chishihpúrith   dog   maybe   a.little   3.SG   Intensive   3s(>3)-eat-DUR   maybe   maybe   so-3s(>3)-be.named-DUR   nightshade.sp.

    I guess maybe dogs eat them, they are called dog huckleberries. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Of All Karuk plants the Black Nightshade is Most Like Tobacco, the Whites Tell Us (JPH_TKIC-III.3) | read full text

70. áraar   uum   vúra   pu-'ihêera-tih-ara   pa-sah-ihêeraha   human   3.SG   Intensive   NEG-smoke-DUR-NEG   the-downhill-tobacco

    The Indians never smoke it, that river tobacco. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Downslope and Upslope Tobacco (JPH_TKIC-III.4) | read full text

71. kúna   vúra   pa-tapas-ihêeraha   uum   kúnish   axváhah-ar   tíiky-an   ár   u-xváhahi-ti   pa-t-u-'áffish-ahaak   pa-tapas-ihêeraha   in.addition   Intensive   the-real-tobacco   3.SG   sort.of   make.sticky-having.been.-ed   hand-Locative   person   3s(>3)-make.sticky-DUR   NOMZ-PERF-3s(>3)-touch-when   the-real-tobacco

    But the real tobacco is pithy, it makes a person's hands sticky when one touches it, the real tobacco does. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Downslope and Upslope Tobacco (JPH_TKIC-III.4) | read full text

72. p-eheeraha-'íppa   uum   vúra   iváxr-a   kúnish   koovúra   pu-'ássar-hara   sákriiv   the-tobacco-tree   3.SG   Intensive   be.dry-DEVERB   sort.of   all   NEG-juicy-NEG   hard

    The tobacco plant is all dryish, it is not juicy, it is tough. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Morphology of the Tobacco Plant: The Plant (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A) | read full text

73. vaa   uum   vúra   hitíhaan   arar-éethvaay-vari   vaa   kóo   vâaram-as--hi-tih   that   3.SG   Intensive   always   human-chest-toward   so   as.much.as   long-PL-DENOM-DUR

    But most of the time they come up to a person's chest. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Morphology of the Tobacco Plant: The Plant (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A) | read full text

74. afiv-'ávahkam   a'-vánihich   vaa   p-oo-pírish-hi-ti   pa-mu-'iheerahá-saan   áfiv   uum   vúra   pirísh-iipux   bottom-over   high-DIM   that   NOMZ-3s(>3)-plant-DENOM-DUR   the-3sPOSS-tobacco-leaf   bottom   3.SG   Intensive   plant-without

    Somewhat up the stem the leaves commence; the base is without leaves. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Leaf (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A.h) | read full text

75. áfivarih   uum   p-u-'ifyayêepshah-ara   p-eehêeraha   ú-mvaay-ti   káru   vúra   pathríha   mûuk   pathríha   mûuk   káru   vúra   ú-mvaay-ti   toward.base   3.SG   NEG-3s(>3)-such.good.ones-NEG   the-tobacco   3s(>3)-become.wilted-DUR   also   Intensive   rain   with.(by.means.of)   rain   with.(by.means.of)   also   Intensive   3s(>3)-become.wilted-DUR

    Toward the base the tobacco leaves are not so good, they are wilted, they are wilted with the sunshine and also with the rain, with the rain also they are wilted. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Leaf (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A.h) | read full text

76. vaa   uum   yíthuk   kun-yéeshriihvu-ti   pa-tá   kun-ikyâa-haak   so   3.SG   elsewhere   3pl(>3s)-put.(things).down-DUR   NOMZ-PERF   3pl(>3s)-make-when

    They put it apart when they work it. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Leaf (JPH_TKIC-III.5.A.h) | read full text

77. yanéekva   vúra   uum   taay   sú'   visible   Intensive   3.SG   much   inside

    Behold there are lots underneath. Source: Phoebe Maddux, They Knew That Seeds Will Grow (JPH_TKIC-IV.3) | read full text

78. vaa   vúra   ník   kun-'áapunmu-tih-anik   káru   vaa   uum   yáv   pa-pírish   ávahkam   kun-ithyúru-thuna-tih-aak   pa-tá   kun-p-úhthaam-pi-mara-haak   so   Intensive   a.little   3pl(>3s)-know-DUR-ANC   also   so   3.SG   good   the-plant   over   3pl(>3s)-drag-around-DUR-when   NOMZ-PERF   3pl(>3s)-ITER-garden--finish.doing-when

    They also knew that it was good to drag a bush around on the top after sowing. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Practices Bordering on a Knowledge of Tillage (JPH_TKIC-IV.5) | read full text

79. vaa   vúra   ník   káru   kun-áapunmu-tih-anik   vaa   uum   yáv   pa-pírish   kun-vítrip-tih-aak   so   Intensive   a.little   also   3pl(>3s)-know-DUR-ANC   so   3.SG   good   the-plant   3pl(>3s)-pull.up.(weeds)-DUR-when

    And they also knew that it was good to pull out weeds. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Practices Bordering on a Knowledge of Tillage (JPH_TKIC-IV.5) | read full text

80. áfee-r   tá   kun-vítrip   vaa   uum   pu-kúkuum   p-íif-tih-ara   pá-vaa   kun-'îinish-tih-aak   pa-yúux   u-xéetchich-hi-tih   bottom-having   PERF   3pl(>3s)-pull.up.(weeds)   so   3.SG   NEG-again   ITER-grow-DUR-NEG   the-that   3pl(>3s)-come.into.existence-DUR-when   the-dirt   3s(>3)-soft-DENOM-DUR

    Root and all they pull them out, so they will not grow up again, and by doing this the ground is made softer. Source: Phoebe Maddux, Practices Bordering on a Knowledge of Tillage (JPH_TKIC-IV.5) | read full text

81. akâay   uum   panámnik   u-vâaram-eesh   who   3.SG   Orleans   3s(>3)-go-FUT

    Who's going to go to Orleans? Source: Lucille Albers, Sentences about animals, insects, and going places (LA-04) | read full text Spoken by Lucille Albers | Download | Play

82. pa-vírusur   uum   íshriiv   the-bear   3.SG   fat

    The bear is fat. Source: Lucille Albers, Sentences about animals, insects, and going places (LA-04) | read full text Spoken by Lucille Albers | Download | Play

83. koovúra   pa-xvâah   pay'ôok   uum   u-mnîish-tih-eesh   all   the-head   right.here   3.SG   3s(>3)-cook-DUR-FUT

    She is going to cook all the heads. Source: Sonny Davis, Sentences about body parts, etc. (SD-01) | read full text Spoken by Sonny Davis | Download | Play

84. páy   uum   pa-'áraar   ú-mniish-ti   pa-chikin'úruh   this   3.SG   the-human   3s(>3)-cook-DUR   the-(hen's).egg

    The man is cooking an egg. Source: Sonny Davis, Sentences about cooking (SD-03) | read full text Spoken by Sonny Davis | Download | Play

85. pay'ôok   uum   pa-'áraar   u-kfúyfuuy-tih   right.here   3.SG   the-human   3s(>3)-whistle.a.tune-DUR

    Here the person is whistling. Source: Sonny Davis, Sentences about cooking (SD-03) | read full text Spoken by Sonny Davis | Download | Play

86. Sally   uum   taay   pa-púsihich   u-thiiná-tih   Sally   3.SG   much   the-cat.(dimin.)   3s(>3)-have-DUR

    Sally has lots of cats. Source: Vina Smith, Sonny Davis, Sentences about perception, animals, verb tenses (SD-VS-01) | read full text Spoken by Sonny Davis | Download | Play

87. Sally   uum   taay   pa-mu-púsihich   Sally   3.SG   much   the-3sPOSS-cat.(dimin.)

    Sally has lots of cats. Source: Vina Smith, Sonny Davis, Sentences about perception, animals, verb tenses (SD-VS-01) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

88. ni-thítiim-tih   pa-púsihich   uum   1s(>3)-hear-DUR   the-cat.(dimin.)   3.SG

    I hear the cat Source: Vina Smith, Sonny Davis, Sentences about perception, animals, verb tenses (SD-VS-01) | read full text Spoken by Sonny Davis | Download | Play

89. ní-muus-tih   uum   pa-púsihich   u-'áam-tih   1s(>3)-look.at-DUR   3.SG   the-cat.(dimin.)   3s(>3)-eat-DUR

    I am looking at the cat eating. Source: Vina Smith, Sonny Davis, Sentences about perception, animals, verb tenses (SD-VS-01) | read full text Spoken by Sonny Davis | Download | Play

90. vírusur   uum   taay   p-oo-xrúunha-tih   bear   3.SG   much   NOMZ-3s(>3)-growl-DUR

    The bear is growling a lot. Source: Vina Smith, Sonny Davis, Sentences about perception, animals, verb tenses (SD-VS-01) | read full text Spoken by Sonny Davis | Download | Play

91. Vina   mu-'ífuni   uum   taahkúnish   Vina   3sPOSS-hair   3.SG   white

    Vina has white hair. Source: Vina Smith, Sonny Davis, Sentences about perception, animals, verb tenses (SD-VS-01) | read full text Spoken by Sonny Davis | Download | Play

92. hôoy   uum   pa-'ikxáramkunish   púsihich   where   3.SG   the-black   cat.(dimin.)

    Where is the black cat? Source: Vina Smith, Sonny Davis, Sentences about perception, animals, verb tenses (SD-VS-01) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

93. ní-kvaar-eesh   uum   pa-thyur   1s(>3)-buy-FUT   3.SG   the-car

    I am going to buy a car. Source: Vina Smith, Sonny Davis, Sentences about driving and directions (SD-VS-02) | read full text Spoken by Sonny Davis | Download | Play

94. uum   t-óo   xúriha   3.SG   PERF-3s(>3)   be.hungry

    He's hungry. Source: Vina Smith, Sonny Davis, Sentences about driving and directions (SD-VS-02) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

95. kâam   uum   Chester   pá-'u-kriiv-tih   little.upriver   3.SG   Chester   NOMZ-3s(>3)-live-DUR

    Chester lives up the river a little ways. Source: Vina Smith, Sonny Davis, Sentences about driving and directions (SD-VS-02) | read full text Spoken by Sonny Davis | Download | Play

96. pa-ni-'áhoo-tih   uum   kúnish   ni-máh-at   pa-púufich   pay'ôok   ú-kriiv-tih   NOMZ-1s(>3)-go-DUR   3.SG   sort.of   1s(>3)-see-DUR   the-deer   right.here   3s(>3)-live-DUR

    When I was walking, I saw where the deer lives. Source: Vina Smith, Sonny Davis, Sentences about driving and directions (SD-VS-02) | read full text Spoken by Sonny Davis | Download | Play

97. pa-ni-'áhoo-tih   pa-púufich   uum   pa-mu-'asím-naam   tá   ni-mah   NOMZ-1s(>3)-go-DUR   the-deer   3.SG   the-3sPOSS-go.to.bed-place   PERF   1s(>3)-see

    When I was walking, I saw the deer's bed. Source: Vina Smith, Sonny Davis, Sentences about driving and directions (SD-VS-02) | read full text Spoken by Sonny Davis | Download | Play

98. mú-thvuy   uum   Leslie   3sPOSS-name   3.SG   Leslie

    Her name is Leslie. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about asking name, adjectives (VS-02) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

99. naní-thvuy   uum   Andrew   1sPOSS-name   3.SG   Andrew

    My name is Andrew. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about asking name, adjectives (VS-02) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

100. pa-mí-thvuy   uum   Vina   the-2sPOSS-name   3.SG   Vina

     Your name is Vina. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about asking name, adjectives (VS-02) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

101. pa-nani-'ákah   vúra   uum   t-u-pihnîich-ha   the-1sPOSS-father   Intensive   3.SG   PERF-3s(>3)-old.man-DENOM

     My father is old. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about asking name, adjectives (VS-02) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

102. puxích   íp   nee-kvúrishrih-at   máh’iit   payêem   uum   yáv   ni-pmahóonkoona-tih.   very.much   PAST   1s-be.tired-PAST   morning   now   3.SG   good   1s(>3)-feel-DUR.

     I was tired this morning, but now I am feeling good. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-04) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

103. payêem   uum   yáv   ni-pmahóonkoona-tih.   now   3.SG   good   1s(>3)-feel-DUR.

     Now I am feeling good. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-04) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

104. hûut   uum   t-u-'iin   how   3.SG   PERF-3s(>3)-experience.something.unpleasant

     What is the matter with him? Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-05) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

105. máh’iit   íp   na-xúrihi-tih-at   payêem   uum   pu-na-xúrihi-tih-ara   morning   PAST   1s-be.hungry-DUR-PAST   now   3.SG   NEG-1s(>3)-be.hungry-DUR-NEG

     I was hungry this morning, but now I am not hungry. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-05) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

106. payêem   uum   pu-na-xúrihi-tih-ara   now   3.SG   NEG-1s(>3)-be.hungry-DUR-NEG

     Now I am not hungry. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-05) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

107. uum   áthiik   3.SG   cold

     He is cold. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-06) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

108. uum   puxích   tá   née-mchax   3.SG   very.much   PERF   1s-get.hot

     I am hot. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-06) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

109. îikam   uum   áthiik   outdoors   3.SG   cold

     It is cold outside. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-06) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

110. naa   vúra   uum   íshriiv   1sg.   Intensive   3.SG   fat

     I am fat. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-06) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

111. uum   t-u-'áxaska   3.SG   PERF-3s(>3)-be.thin

     He is thin. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-06) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

112. Andrew   uum   t-u-'áxaska   Andrew   3.SG   PERF-3s(>3)-be.thin

     Andrew is thin. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-06) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

113. uum   puxích   íshaha   tá   née-xra   3.SG   very.much   water   PERF   1s-thirst.for

     I am very thirsty. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about personal states (VS-06) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

114. mu-xvâah   uum   pa-mu-'áasravar.   3sPOSS-head   3.SG   the-3sPOSS-brain.

     His brain is in his head. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences with words for accent (VS-07) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

115. pa-mu-'áan   uum   îikam   the-3sPOSS-string   3.SG   outdoors

     His rope is outside. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about possession, locatives; words for consonants and accent (VS-08) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

116. hôoy   uum   pa-mu-'áhup   where   3.SG   the-3sPOSS-wood

     Where is his stick? Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about possession, locatives; words for consonants and accent (VS-08) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

117. pa-mu-'ákah   uum   îikam   the-3sPOSS-father   3.SG   outdoors

     His father is outside. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about possession, locatives; words for consonants and accent (VS-08) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

118. uum   mú-chviiv   3.SG   3sPOSS-bird

     Is that his bird? Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about possession, locatives; words for consonants and accent (VS-08) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

119. uum   vaa   mú-chviiv   3.SG   that   3sPOSS-bird

     Is that his bird? Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about possession, locatives; words for consonants and accent (VS-08) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

120. uum   vaa   mú-'achviiv   3.SG   that   3sPOSS-bird

     Is that his bird? Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about possession, locatives; words for consonants and accent (VS-08) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

121. Clare   uum   t-u-'ay   pa-'aháknak   Clare   3.SG   PERF-3s(>3)-fear   the-goose

     Clare is afraid of geese. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about possession, locatives; words for consonants and accent (VS-08) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

122. pa-nani-pûuvish   uum   iinâak   the-1sPOSS-bag   3.SG   indoors

     My bag is inside. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about possession, locatives; words for consonants and accent (VS-08) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

123. uum   u-kviit-hí-tih   3.SG   3s(>3)-sleep-DUR

     He is sleeping. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about possession, locatives; words for consonants and accent (VS-08) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

124. pa-nani-putíruh   uum   îikam   the-1sPOSS-potato   3.SG   outdoors

     My potato is outside. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about possession, locatives; words for consonants and accent (VS-08) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

125. pa-nani-chíshii   uum   îikam   the-1sPOSS-dog   3.SG   outdoors

     My dog is outside. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about possession, locatives; words for consonants and accent (VS-08) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

126. páah   uum   pa-púsihich   ú-krii   boat   3.SG   the-cat.(dimin.)   3s(>3)-live

     The cat is in the boat. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about possession, locatives; words for consonants and accent (VS-08) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

127. pa-naní-'apxaan   uum   páah   u-thiv   cat.(dimin.)-1sPOSS-cap   3.SG   boat   3s(>3)-lie.(of.one.thing)

     My hat is in the boat. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about possession, locatives; words for consonants and accent (VS-08) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

128. pa-púsihich   uum   páah-ak   ú-krii   the-cat.(dimin.)   3.SG   boat-Locative   3s(>3)-live

     The cat is in the boat. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about possession, locatives; words for consonants and accent (VS-08) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

129. pa-'áhup   uum   t-u-'íinka   the-wood   3.SG   PERF-3s(>3)-be.on.fire

     The wood is burning. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about possession, locatives; words for consonants and accent (VS-08) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

130. pa-'áhup   uum   áak   t-u-'íinka   the-wood   3.SG   in.the.fire   PERF-3s(>3)-be.on.fire

     The wood is burning in the fire. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about possession, locatives; words for consonants and accent (VS-08) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

131. naa   pa-naní-'apxaan   uum   ní-thxuuna-tih   1sg.   the-1sPOSS-cap   3.SG   1s(>3)-put.over.head-DUR

     I am wearing my hat on my head. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about possession, locatives; words for consonants and accent (VS-08) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

132. pa-nani-xvâah   uum   yâamach   the-1sPOSS-head   3.SG   pretty

     I have a pretty head. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about possession, locatives; words for consonants and accent (VS-08) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

133. ipít   îikam   uum   pá-'achkuun   ú-krii   yesterday   outdoors   3.SG   the-swamp.robin   3s(>3)-live

     There was a swamp robin outside yesterday. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences with words for accent (VS-10) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

134. páy   pa-pûuvish   vúra   uum   u-pshéek   this   the-bag   Intensive   3.SG   3s(>3)-be.heavy

     The bag is very heavy. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences with words for accent (VS-10) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

135. pa-'as   uum   ahup'ásip-ak   súrukam   the-rock   3.SG   box-Locative   under

     The rock is underneath the box. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about spatial relations (VS-13) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

136. fâat   uum   pa-músmus   u-'áam-tih   something   3.SG   the-cow   3s(>3)-eat-DUR

     What does a cow eat? Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about animals, questions (VS-14) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

137. pa-músmus   uum   pírish   u-'áam-tih   the-cow   3.SG   plant   3s(>3)-eat-DUR

     The cow eats grass. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about animals, questions (VS-14) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

138. pa-nákish   uum   axvíthirar   the-pig   3.SG   dirty

     The pig is dirty. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about animals, questions (VS-15) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

139. hûut   uum   pa-mí-paah   i-kyâa-tih   how   3.SG   the-2sPOSS-boat   2s(>3)-make-DUR

     How did you make your boat? Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions (VS-16) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

140. uum   payêem   uum   áama   u-'áv-eesh   3.SG   now   3.SG   salmon   3s(>3)-eat-FUT

     He is going to eat salmon now. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions and answers, verb tenses (VS-17) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

141. uum   pa-pufich'íish   u-víshtaan-tih   3.SG   the-deermeat   3s(>3)-like.(food)-DUR

     He likes deer meat. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions and answers, verb tenses (VS-17) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

142. pa-'ápsuun   uum   vúra   vâaram   pa-'áan   uum   ipshûunkinich   the-snake   3.SG   Intensive   long   the-string   3.SG   low

     The snake is longer than the rope. (The snake is long, the rope is short) Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about comparisons (VS-18) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

143. páy   uum   pa-'ápsuun   vúra   uum   vâaram   this   3.SG   the-snake   Intensive   3.SG   long

     This snake is the longest snake. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about comparisons (VS-18) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

144. pa-nanu-'átraax   vúra   uum   ipshûunkinich   the-1plPOSS-arm   Intensive   3.SG   low

     Our arms are too short. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about comparisons (VS-18) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

145. vúra   uum   puxich   nu-'ítap-eesh   pa-'arará-hih   Intensive   3.SG   very.much   1pl(>3)-know-FUT   the-human-language

     We are trying to learn the Karuk language. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about comparisons (VS-18) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

146. naa   ipshûunkinich   kúna   pa-nani-típa   uum   vâaram   1sg.   low   in.addition   the-1sPOSS-brother   3.SG   long

     My brother is taller than me. (I'm short, but my brother is tall.) Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about comparisons (VS-18) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

147. pay   uum   ipshûunkinich   pay   cup   uum   vâaram   this   3.SG   low   this   cup   3.SG   long

     That cup is smaller than this cup. (That cup is short. This cup is tall.) Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about comparisons (VS-18) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

148. pay   uum   pa-nani-kafih'ásip   ipshûunkinich   this   3.SG   the-1sPOSS-coffeepot   low

     My coffee cup is short. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about comparisons (VS-18) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

149. Xás   t-óo   muustih-inaa   pa-'avansáxiich   káru   Hôoy   uum   pa-chishíih   then   PERF-3s(>3)   look.at-PL   the-boy   also   where   3.SG   the-dog

     And he's looking at the boy and ... where's the dog? Source: Vina Smith, Avansáxiich káru Chishíih káru Xanchíifich (VS-19) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

150. Xás   uum   pa-xanchíifich   îin   kin-ímuustih   then   3.SG   the-frog   TOPIC   3pl>3pl-look.at

     And the frog is looking at them. Source: Vina Smith, Avansáxiich káru Chishíih káru Xanchíifich (VS-19) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

151. Pay'ôok   uum   pa-xanchíifich   right.here   3.SG   the-frog

     "Here's the frog." Source: Vina Smith, Avansáxiich káru Chishíih káru Xanchíifich (VS-19) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

152. Pay'ôok   uum   fâat   right.here   3.SG   what

     "What's this here?" Source: Vina Smith, Avansáxiich káru Chishíih káru Xanchíifich (VS-19) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

153. Púya if   vúra   uum   kâarim   xás   pa-mu-chíshiih   xás   t-u-xaychákish   oh.my!   Intensive   3.SG   bad   then   the-3sPOSS-dog   then   PERF-3s(>3)-grab

     Oh my, its really bad, he's caught his dog. Source: Vina Smith, Avansáxiich káru Chishíih káru Xanchíifich (VS-19) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

154. Káru   uum   pa-xanchíifich   uum   t-óo   skáaksur   also   3.SG   the-frog   3.SG   PERF-3s(>3)   jump.off

     And the frog jumped off, too. Source: Vina Smith, Avansáxiich káru Chishíih káru Xanchíifich (VS-19) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

155. Pay'ôok   uum   xákaan   kun-'íin   pa-'avansáxiich   káru   pa-chishiih   right.here   3.SG   both   3pl(>3s)-(two).be   the-boy   also   the-dog

     In this one here they're both sitting, the boy and dog. Source: Vina Smith, Avansáxiich káru Chishíih káru Xanchíifich (VS-19) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

156. Xás   vúra   uum   t-óo   kvúrish   káru   pa-xanchíifich   then   Intensive   3.SG   PERF-3s(>3)   be.tired   also   the-frog

     And the frog is really tired, too. Source: Vina Smith, Avansáxiich káru Chishíih káru Xanchíifich (VS-19) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

157. Xás   vúra   uum   pa-xanchíifich   vúra   uum   yav   pa-t-óo   pmahóonkoon   then   Intensive   3.SG   the-frog   Intensive   3.SG   good   NOMZ-PERF-3s(>3)   feel

     And the frog, he's feeling really good. Source: Vina Smith, Avansáxiich káru Chishíih káru Xanchíifich (VS-19) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

158. Xás   vúra   uum   payêem   tá   kun-páatva-heen   then   Intensive   3.SG   now   PERF   3pl(>3s)-bathe-ANT

     And now they've bathed. Source: Vina Smith, Avansáxiich káru Chishíih káru Xanchíifich (VS-19) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

159. kúmateech   uum   kúnish   u-mcháx-eesh   later.in.day   3.SG   sort.of   3s(>3)-get.hot-FUT

     It's going to be hot later. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

160. kúmateech   uum   u-mcháx-eesh   later.in.day   3.SG   3s(>3)-get.hot-FUT

     It's going to be hot later. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

161. naní-thvuy   uum   Vina   1sPOSS-name   3.SG   Vina

     My name is Vina. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

162. yáv   uum   imnísh-aan   um   good   3.SG   cook-Agentive   or

     Is he a good cook? Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20b) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

163. fâat   uum   pay   what   3.SG   this

     What is this? Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20c) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

164. fâat   uum   vaa   what   3.SG   that

     What is that? Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20c) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

165. payêem   uum   mah'íitnihich   now   3.SG   early.morning

     It's morning. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20d) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

166. fâat   uum   koovúra   nu-'áv-eesh   what   3.SG   all   1pl(>3)-eat-FUT

     What are we all going to eat? Source: Vina Smith, Sentences from Now You're Speaking Karuk (VS-20d) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

167. xás   u-xu-ti   kunish   yíim   nîinamich   pa-púufich   xás   p-óo-'uum   xás   vúra   uum   pufích-kaam   then   3s(>3)-think-DUR   sort.of   far   little   the-deer   then   NOMZ-3s(>3)-arrive   then   Intensive   3.SG   deer-large

     And he thought the deer was small, but when he got there, it was a big deer. Source: Vina Smith, I'll Never Forget Those Days (VS-22) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

168. xás   vúra   uum   vaa   káan   xás   u-upíipha   vúra   uum   kêech   pa-púufich   uum   vúra   uum   máath   then   Intensive   3.SG   that   there   then   3s(>3)-carry.in.hand   Intensive   3.SG   big   the-deer   3.SG   Intensive   3.SG   heavy

     So [when he got] there, he said? the deer was really big, it was really heavy. Source: Vina Smith, I'll Never Forget Those Days (VS-22) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

169. xás   vaa   vúra   uum   kêech   káru   then   so   Intensive   3.SG   big   also

     And it was really big. Source: Vina Smith, I'll Never Forget Those Days (VS-22) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

170. u-xú-ti   nîinamich   pa-púufich   káru   uum   vúra   yíiv   sáruk   xás   3s(>3)-think-DUR   little   the-deer   also   3.SG   Intensive   far   downhill   then

     He thought the deer was small because it was way down the hill. Source: Vina Smith, I'll Never Forget Those Days (VS-22) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

171. váa   vúra   uum   yíiv   xas   vaa   vúra   u-xú-ti   íkiich   pu-na-kúniihk-eesh-ara   xás   vúra   vaa   u-kúniihka   that   Intensive   3.SG   far   then   that   Intensive   3s(>3)-think-DUR   maybe   NEG-1s(>3)-shoot.at-FUT-NEG   then   Intensive   that   3s(>3)-shoot.at

     And it was so far away, he thought, maybe I won't get it, but he did shoot it. Source: Vina Smith, I'll Never Forget Those Days (VS-22) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

172. xás   u-piip   vúra   uum   máath   Heavy   then   3s(>3)-say   Intensive   3.SG   heavy   Heavy

     And he said, it's really heavy. Heavy. Source: Vina Smith, I'll Never Forget Those Days (VS-22) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

173. vúra   uum   kêech   pa-púufich   Intensive   3.SG   big   the-deer

     "It was a big deer. Source: Vina Smith, I'll Never Forget Those Days (VS-22) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

174. oo   vúra   uum   táay   vura   uum   pa-'asiktávaan-sa   lots of women, you know, up there in the reservation   oh!   Intensive   3.SG   much   Intensive   3.SG   the-woman-PL   lots of women, you know, up there in the reservation

     Oh and there were lots of women up there in the reservation. Source: Vina Smith, I'll Never Forget Those Days (VS-22) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

175. xás   vúra   uum   vaa   kóovura   tá   kun-yôotva   then   Intensive   3.SG   that   all   PERF   3pl(>3s)-hurray!

     And they were all glad. Source: Vina Smith, I'll Never Forget Those Days (VS-22) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

176. vaa   pa-naní-taat   uum   t-u-píthxah   pa-nanú-saanva   koovúra   vúra   so   the-1sPOSS-mother   3.SG   PERF-3s(>3)-wash   the-1plPOSS-clothing   all   Intensive

     My mother washed all our clothes. Source: Vina Smith, Washing (VS-24) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

177. vaa   xas   vúra   vaa   uum   vúra   uum   chéemyaach   káru   uum   vúra   vaa   pu-'aapúnmu-tih-ara   fâat   uum   pa-washing machine   so   then   Intensive   so   3.SG   Intensive   3.SG   quickly   also   3.SG   Intensive   so   NEG-know-DUR-NEG   what   3.SG   the-washing machine

     And she was quick, and she didn't even know what a washing machine was. Source: Vina Smith, Washing (VS-24) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

178. oo   vúra   uum   ikyáakaam   oh!   Intensive   3.SG   difficult

     Oh, it was hard. Source: Vina Smith, Washing (VS-24) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

179. púfaat   uum   mi-'ávan   nothing   3.SG   2sPOSS-husband

     You don't have a husband. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about jewelry, hair, and clothes (VS-25) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

180. mi-yukúkuh   uum   vaa   2sPOSS-shoe(s)   3.SG   that

     Those are your shoes. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about jewelry, hair, and clothes (VS-25) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

181. pa-nani-yukúku   vúra   uum   kâarim   u-músahi-tih   the-1sPOSS-shoe(s)   Intensive   3.SG   bad   3s(>3)-look-DUR

     My shoes are ugly. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about jewelry, hair, and clothes (VS-25) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

182. mu-'ífunih   káru   uum   ipshûunkinich   3sPOSS-hair   also   3.SG   low

     Her hair is short. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about jewelry, hair, and clothes (VS-25) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

183. pa-nani-kústaan   uum   yâamach   the-1sPOSS-sister   3.SG   pretty

     My sister is pretty. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: pretty sisters (VS-26) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

184. pa-nani-kústaan   uum   yâamach-heesh   the-1sPOSS-sister   3.SG   pretty-FUT

     My sister will be pretty. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: pretty sisters (VS-26) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

185. pa-nani-kústaan   uum   yâamach   payêem   the-1sPOSS-sister   3.SG   pretty   now

     My sister is pretty now. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: pretty sisters (VS-26) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

186. pa-nani-kústaan   vúra   mít   uum   yâamach   the-1sPOSS-sister   Intensive   near.past   3.SG   pretty

     My sister was pretty (long ago). Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: pretty sisters (VS-26) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

187. pa-nani-kústaan   uum   payêem   pu-yâamach-hara   the-1sPOSS-sister   3.SG   now   NEG-pretty-NEG

     My sister is not pretty now. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: pretty sisters (VS-26) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

188. koovúra   pa-nani-kústaan   uum   yâamach-as   all   the-1sPOSS-sister   3.SG   pretty-PL

     My sisters are all pretty. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: pretty sisters (VS-26) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

189. pa-nani-kústaan-sa   vúra   mít   uum   yâamach-as   the-1sPOSS-sister-PL   Intensive   near.past   3.SG   pretty-PL

     My sisters were once pretty. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: pretty sisters (VS-26) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

190. uum   vúra   puxích   itníivka   3.SG   Intensive   very.much   mean

     He is really mean. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: adjectives (VS-27) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

191. uum   vúra   puxích   kun-íxviiphi-naa-tih   3.SG   Intensive   very.much   3pl(>3s)-be.angry-PL-DUR

     They are really mean. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: adjectives (VS-27) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

192. vúra   uum   táay   mu-'íshkiit   Intensive   3.SG   much   3sPOSS-luck

     She has lots of stuff. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: adjectives (VS-27) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

193. uum   vúra   yáv   vaa   kumá'ii   3.SG   Intensive   good   that   because.of

     She is really good, that's why. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: adjectives (VS-27) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

194. uum   vúra-va   yáv   vaa   kumá'ii   3.SG   Intensive-so   good   that   because.of

     That's why she is good. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: adjectives (VS-27) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

195. uum   vaa   ishímfir   3.SG   that   brave

     She is tough. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: adjectives (VS-28) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

196. uum   ithvóon   3.SG   eager

     He is eager. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: adjectives (VS-28) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

197. hûut   kích   uum   Phil   how   only   3.SG   Phil

     How is Phil? Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions, answers, possessives (VS-29) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

198. vaa   uum   xuntápan   that   3.SG   acorn

     That's acorns. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions, answers, possessives (VS-29) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

199. páy   uum   pa-naní-'av   hum   this   3.SG   the-1sPOSS-food   or

     Is this my food? Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions, answers, possessives (VS-29) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

200. pa-mu-sára   uum   amáyav   the-3sPOSS-bread   3.SG   good-tasting

     His bread tastes good. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions, answers, possessives (VS-29) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

201. uum   hûut   amáyav   3.SG   how   good-tasting

     It tasted really good. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions, answers, possessives (VS-29) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

202. vúra   uum   yáv   Intensive   3.SG   good

     It's good. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions, answers, possessives (VS-29) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

203. vúra   ípih   uum   t-óo   spat   Intensive   bone   3.SG   PERF-3s(>3)   be.broken

     Her leg is broken. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions, answers, possessives (VS-29) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

204. pay   uum   vaa   kun-ipí-tih   this   3.SG   that   3pl(>3s)-say-DUR

     They are saying that. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions, answers, possessives (VS-29) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

205. páykuuk   uum   pa-pôos   over.there   3.SG   the-boss

     The boss is over there. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions, answers, possessives (VS-29) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

206. Arch   uum   t-u-thítiv   Arch   3.SG   PERF-3s(>3)-hear

     Arch is listening. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions, answers, possessives (VS-29) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

207. pay   vúra   uum   u-xu-tih   i-yunyúunhi-tih   this   Intensive   3.SG   3s(>3)-think-DUR   2s(>3)-be.crazy-DUR

     He [that one] thinks you are crazy. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions, answers, possessives (VS-29) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

208. uum   vaa   páykuuk   vúra   uum   vaa   yav   3.SG   that   over.there   Intensive   3.SG   that   good

     The one over there, she's good. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: questions, answers, possessives (VS-29) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

209. vúra   uum   yav   Intensive   3.SG   good

     It is good. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: cooking, packing, jumping, throwing (VS-31) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

210. pa-'áama   t-óo   mnish   vúra   uum   kúnish   ikxáramkunish   the-salmon   PERF-3s(>3)   cook   Intensive   3.SG   sort.of   black

     She cooked the fish, it was black. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: cooking, packing, jumping, throwing (VS-31) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

211. pa-nani-púsihich   uum   vúra   máh'iit   kích   u-'áam-tih   the-1sPOSS-cat.(dimin.)   3.SG   Intensive   morning   only   3s(>3)-eat-DUR

     My cat only eats in the morning. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences: cooking, packing, jumping, throwing (VS-31) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

212. pa-púsihich   vúra   uum   íshriiv   the-cat.(dimin.)   Intensive   3.SG   fat

     The cat is fat. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

213. pa-púsihich   vúra   uum   táay   p-oo-'áam-tih   xas   vúra   uum   puxích   t-u-'íshriiv-ha   the-cat.(dimin.)   Intensive   3.SG   much   NOMZ-3s(>3)-eat-DUR   then   Intensive   3.SG   very.much   PERF-3s(>3)-fat-DENOM

     The cat ate so much, and she became fat. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

214. vúra   úum   táay   pa-mu-'ífunih   pa-púsihich   Intensive   3.SG   much   the-3sPOSS-hair   the-cat.(dimin.)

     The cat has lots of hair. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

215. pa-púsihich   úum   púfaat   pa-mu-'ífunih   payêem   the-cat.(dimin.)   3.SG   nothing   the-3sPOSS-hair   now

     The cat doesn't have any hair now. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

216. vúra   úum   puxích   t-u-'úh   pa-'ishkêesh   Intensive   3.SG   very.much   PERF-3s(>3)-rise.(water)   the-river

     The river has risen a lot [i.e. it is deep]. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

217. pa-'ishkêesh   vúra   úum   puxích   t-u-'uh   the-river   Intensive   3.SG   very.much   PERF-3s(>3)-rise.(water)

     The river has risen a lot. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

218. vúra   uum   kúnish   pu-yáv   imúsaha-tih-ara   Intensive   3.SG   sort.of   NEG-good   look-DUR-NEG

     You don't look so good. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

219. yáv   vúra   yâamach   pa-yupsítanach   xás   vúra   uum      pa-kêech   ú-kyav   xás   vúra   uum   imusakêem   good   Intensive   pretty   the-baby   then   Intensive   3.SG   after.while   NOMZ-big   3s(>3)-make   then   Intensive   3.SG   ugly

     She was pretty as a baby, but after a while, when she got bigger, she looked ugly. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

220. vúra   púfaat   uum   vúra   mu-'ám   mu-'uup   xás   vúra   vaa   kâarim   xás   vúra   vaa   p-oo-'íif-tih   Intensive   nothing   3.SG   Intensive   3sPOSS-food   3sPOSS-possession   then   Intensive   that   bad   then   Intensive   that   NOMZ-3s(>3)-grow-DUR

     He didn't have any food or possessions, he was poor, that is how he grew up. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

221. vúra   uum   kâanimich   pa-'asiktávaan   3s(>3)   3.SG   poor   the-woman

     The lady is poor. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

222. pa-'áraar   uum   vúra   pu-pí-tih-ara   the-human   3.SG   Intensive   NEG-say-DUR-NEG

     The Indian people didn't say that. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

223. apxantinihich-'ávansa   uum   kúnish   vâaram-as   white.man-man   3.SG   sort.of   long-PL

     White men are tall. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

224. vaa   vúra   uum   puxích   tá   na-furáthfip   that   jab   3.SG   very.much   PERF   1s-be.nervous

     I am really cranky. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

225. xás   vúra   uum   yáv   nee-pmahóonkoona-tih   then   Intensive   3.SG   good   1s(>3)-feel-DUR

     I am feeling better. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

226. uum   káru   p-oo-vôonfuruk-a-ti   pu-yáv   ipmahóonkoona-tih-ara   3.SG   also   NOMZ-3s(>3)-enter.a.house--DUR   NEG-good   feel-DUR-NEG

     And when she came in she was not feeling good. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

227. vúra   uum   chêech   t-u-tátuyish   Intensive   3.SG   quickly   PERF-3s(>3)-sweep.down

     She is sweeping it fast. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and feeling a certain way (VS-32) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

228. pa-'ápus   uum   su'   the-apple(s)   3.SG   inside

     The apple is inside it. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about spatial relations (VS-33) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

229. hôoy   uum   pa-tasá-kaam   where   3.SG   the-fence-large

     Where is the big fence? Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about spatial relations (VS-33) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

230. ôok   uum   púfaat   pa-'ás   here   3.SG   nothing   the-rock

     There's no rocks here. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

231. ôok   uum   vúra   púfaat   pa-taay   pa-'ás   here   3.SG   Intensive   nothing   the-much   the-rock

     There aren't very many rocks here. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

232. ôok   uum   vúra   taay   pa-'ás   púfaat   páy   uum   pa-'ípaha   here   3.SG   Intensive   much   the-rock   nothing   this   3.SG   the-tree

     There are many rocks, but no trees. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

233. ôok   uum   vúra   taay   pa-'ás   here   3.SG   Intensive   much   the-rock

     There's lots of rocks. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

234. ôok   uum   vúra   pa-'ás   kích   púfaat   uum   pa-'ípaha   here   3.SG   Intensive   the-rock   only   nothing   3.SG   the-tree

     There are only rocks here, no trees. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

235. ôok   uum   púfaat   pa-'ípaha   'as   kich   here   3.SG   nothing   the-tree   rock   only

     There are no trees here, only rocks. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

236. káru   payêem   vúra   uum   taay   pa-'ás   also   now   Intensive   3.SG   much   the-rock

     There are already lots of rocks here. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

237. vúra   uum   payêem   vúra   uum   taay   pa-'ás   Intensive   3.SG   now   Intensive   3.SG   much   the-rock

     There are already lots of rocks here. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

238. ôok   uum   vúra   uum   taay   pa-'ás   here   3.SG   Intensive   3.SG   much   the-rock

     There are lots of rocks here. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

239. ôok   uum   vúra   taay   pa-'ás   payêem   here   3.SG   Intensive   much   the-rock   now

     There are lots of rocks here now. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

240. imáan   vúra   uum   taay   pá-'ás   pay'ôok   tomorrow   Intensive   3.SG   much   the-rock   right.here

     Tomorrow there's going to be lots of rocks here. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

241. payêem   káru   vúra   uum   taay   pá-'ás   ôok   now   also   Intensive   3.SG   much   the-rock   here

     There are lots of rocks here now. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

242. ôok   uum   vúra   uum   taay   pa-xuntápan   here   3.SG   Intensive   3.SG   much   the-acorn

     There are lots of acorns here. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

243. ôok   uum   púfaat   pa-xuntápan   here   3.SG   nothing   the-acorn

     There aren't any acorns here. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

244. vúra   uum   kúnish   púfaat   pa-xuntápan   Intensive   3.SG   sort.of   nothing   the-acorn

     There aren't really any acorns. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

245. payêem   vúra   uum   pu-táay   pa-xuntápan   now   Intensive   3.SG   NEG-much   the-acorn

     There aren't very many acorns here. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

246. ôok   uum   vúra   taay   pa-xuntápan   púfaat   pa-'ás   here   3.SG   Intensive   much   the-acorn   nothing   the-rock

     There are only acorns here, no rocks. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

247. payêem   vúra   uum   ôok   taay   pa-xuntápan   vúra   uum   púfaat   pa-'ás   now   Intensive   3.SG   here   much   the-acorn   Intensive   3.SG   nothing   the-rock

     There are only acorns here now, no rocks. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

248. pay'ôok   uum   vúra   uum   taay   pa-xuntápan-heesh   right.here   3.SG   Intensive   3.SG   much   the-acorn-FUT

     There's gonna be lots of acorns here. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

249. vúra   uum   taay   pa-xuntápan   ipit   Intensive   3.SG   much   the-acorn   yesterday

     There were lots of acorns here yesterday. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

250. imáan   vúra   uum   taay   pa-xuntápan-heesh   tomorrow   Intensive   3.SG   much   the-acorn-FUT

     There will be lots of acorns here tomorrow. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

251. ipít   uum   máruk   u-vâaram   yesterday   3.SG   uphill   3s(>3)-go

     He went uphill yesterday. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

252. máruk   vúra   uum   taay   pa-'ípaha   uphill   Intensive   3.SG   much   the-tree

     There are trees uphill. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

253. vúra   uum   púfaat   pa-'ípaha   máruk   Intensive   3.SG   nothing   the-tree   uphill

     There are no trees up the hill. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

254. páy   uum   pa-'ípaha   taay   pá-saan   this   3.SG   the-tree   much   the-leaf

     This tree has many leaves. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

255. páy   uum   vúra   uum   púfaat   pá-saan   this   3.SG   Intensive   3.SG   nothing   the-leaf

     This [tree] doesn't have any leaves. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

256. imáan   vúra   uum   púfaat   pá-saan   tomorrow   Intensive   3.SG   nothing   the-leaf

     Tomorrow it (the tree) won't have any leaves. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

257. pa-púsihich   uum   kuyráak   pa-mu-'ápsiih   the-cat.(dimin.)   3.SG   three   the-3sPOSS-leg

     The cat has three legs. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

258. pa-púsihich   vúra   uum   vâaram   pa-mu-'ápvuuy   the-cat.(dimin.)   Intensive   3.SG   long   the-3sPOSS-tail

     The cat has a long tail. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

259. pa-púsihich   uum   vúra   ipshûunkinich   pa-mu-'ápvuuy   the-cat.(dimin.)   3.SG   Intensive   low   the-3sPOSS-tail

     The cat has a short tail. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

260. pa-púsihich   uum   púfaat   pa-mu-'ápvuuy   the-cat.(dimin.)   3.SG   nothing   the-3sPOSS-tail

     The cat has no tail. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

261. pee-krívraam   uum   taay   pa-chivchákar   the-house   3.SG   much   the-door

     The house has lots of doors. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

262. pee-krívraam   uum   púfaat   pa-chivchákar   the-house   3.SG   nothing   the-door

     The house has no doors. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

263. uum   púfaat   pa-chivchákar   3.SG   nothing   the-door

     It has no doors. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about rocks and trees. (VS-34a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

264. pa-púsihich   vúra   uum   taay   ip   u-'áv-at   ipit   the-cat.(dimin.)   Intensive   3.SG   much   PAST   3s(>3)-eat-PAST   yesterday

     The cat ate a lot yesterday. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about a cat (VS-34b) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

265. pa-púsihich   vúra   uum   t-óo   xúriha   vúra   uum   taay   u-'áv-eesh   the-cat.(dimin.)   Intensive   3.SG   PERF-3s(>3)   be.hungry   Intensive   3.SG   much   3s(>3)-eat-FUT

     The cat is really hungry and is going to eat a lot. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about a cat (VS-34b) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

266. vúra   uum   taay   pa-púsihich   t-u-'áv   Intensive   3.SG   much   the-cat.(dimin.)   PERF-3s(>3)-eat

     The cat is eating a lot. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about a cat (VS-34b) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

267. púsihich   vúra   uum   puxích   t-óo   kvíit-ha   cat.(dimin.)   Intensive   3.SG   very.much   PERF-3s(>3)   sleep

     The cat is sleeping a lot. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about a cat (VS-34b) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

268. pûuhara   pa-púsihich   uum   asímnaam   ú-krii   no   the-cat.(dimin.)   3.SG   bed   3s(>3)-live

     No, the cat is sitting on the bed. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about sitting, standing and lying (VS-35a) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

269. ipít   vúra   uum   púxich   áthiik   yesterday   Intensive   3.SG   very.much   be.cold

     Yesterday I was really cold. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about feeling cold, playing, and getting old (VS-35b) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

270. vúra   uum   púxich   tá   na-yíkiha   Intensive   3.SG   very.much   PERF   1s-get.sick

     I got really sick. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about feeling cold, playing, and getting old (VS-35b) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

271. ipít   vúra   uum   ni-kyámiichvu-tih   yesterday   Intensive   3.SG   1s(>3)-play-DUR

     Yesterday I was playing. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about feeling cold, playing, and getting old (VS-35b) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

272. páykuuk   uum   chuphûunish   over.there   3.SG   talk.to

     Talk to him over there! Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and talking to people (VS-36) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

273. uum   naa   na-chuphuníshkoo-vish   3.SG   1sg.   2s/3s>1s-talk.to-FUT

     He's going to talk to me. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about looking and talking to people (VS-36) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

274. uum   vura   itíhaan   nee-psháravriik-tih   3.SG   Intensive   always   2s/3s>1s-help-DUR

     She always helps me. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about weaving a hat (VS-37) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

275. uum   vúra   itíhaan   îin   nee-psháravriik-tih   3.SG   Intensive   always   TOPIC   2s/3s>1s-help-DUR

     She always helps me. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about weaving a hat (VS-37) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

276. fâat   uum   pay   what   3.SG   this

     What is that? Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about making sandwiches (VS-38) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

277. oo   vúra   uum   puxich   tá   na-xúriha   oh!   Intensive   3.SG   very.much   PERF   1s-be.hungry

     I am really hungry. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about food and drink (VS-39) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

278. hãã   vúra   uum   púxich   tá   née-xrah   yes   Intensive   3.SG   very.much   PERF   1s-thirst.for

     Yes, I'm very thirsty. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about food and drink (VS-39) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

279. páy   uum   pa-naní-taat   this   3.SG   the-1sPOSS-mother

     This is my mother. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about family (VS-41) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

280. akâay   uum   pa-mi-'ávan   who   3.SG   the-2sPOSS-husband

     Who is your husband? Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about family (VS-41) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

281. kahtíshraam   uum   i-'aramsîiprim-tih   Yreka   3.SG   2s(>3)-start.out-DUR

     Are you from Yreka? Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about family (VS-41) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

282. pay   uum   pa-nani-'ávan   Peter   this   3.SG   the-1sPOSS-husband   Peter

     This is my husband, Peter. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about family (VS-41) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

283. pa-nani-típah   vúra   uum   kâarim   u-pmahóonkoona-tih   the-1sPOSS-brother   Intensive   3.SG   bad   3s(>3)-feel-DUR

     My brother is not feeling so good. Source: Vina Smith, Sentences about family (VS-41) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

284. xás   vúra   uum   itíhaan   táay   nanu-'áhup   then   Intensive   3.SG   always   much   1plPOSS-wood

     We always had a lot of wood. Source: Vina Smith, Gathering wood (VS-47) | read full text Spoken by Vina Smith | Download | Play

285. xás   u-píip   pa-'íshaha   i-tárivramni-haak   vaa   kári   vúra   i-tasámsaam-tih-eesh   itíhaan   p-ee-kóo-haak   uum   vaa   get   lumpy   then   3s(>3)-say   NOMZ-water   2s(>3)-pour.into-when   that   then   Intensive   2s(>3)-stir-DUR-FUT   always   NOMZ-2s(>3)-stop-when   3.SG   so   get   lumpy

     And she said, “Pour the water in, and keep stirring it all the time, if you stop, it will get lumpy.” Source: Violet Super, Violet Cooking (VSu-01) | read full text Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Play

286. xás   vúra   uum   yâamach   pa-gravy   nú-kyav   vúra   just   nice   then   Intensive   3.SG   pretty   the-gravy   1pl(>3)-make   Intensive   just   nice

     And we made nice gravy, really just nice! Source: Violet Super, Violet Cooking (VSu-01) | read full text Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Play

287. kári   vúra   naa   nîinamich   víri   vaa   kumá'ii   payêem   naa   uum   púfaat   nee-kyâa-tih-ara   then   Intensive   1sg.   little   so   so   because.of   now   1sg.   3.SG   nothing   1s(>3)-make-DUR-NEG

     I was little then (chuckle), but now I can’t do anything. Source: Violet Super, Violet Cooking (VSu-01) | read full text Spoken by Violet Super | Download | Play

288. xás   ú-piip   uum   vúra   páy   chu-'ív-eesh   then   3s(>3)-say   3.SG   Intensive   this   -be.dry-FUT

     And he said, "This one is going to die. Source: Violet Super, Violet's Dog (VSu-03) | read full text

289. xâatik   vúra   uum   vúra   hárivari   u-'ív-ahaak   it's.better   Intensive   3.SG   Intensive   when   3s(>3)-die-when

     "Just let him be, whenever he may die. Source: Violet Super, Violet's Dog (VSu-03) | read full text

290. uum   tá-kun-piip   pa-mú-aasravara-k   íshaha   sú'   aasrávar   3.SG   PERF-3pl(>3s)-say   the-3sPOSS-brain-Locative   water   inside   brain

     People said, "He's got water on his brain, inside the brain." Source: Violet Super, Violet's Dog (VSu-03) | read full text

291. xás   kan-éepeen-ti   pa-mi-chíshiih   mít   uum   êen   ú-kuuyva-nik   then   1s(>3)-say.to-DUR   the-2sPOSS-dog   near.past   3.SG   board   3s(>3)-strike-ANC

     And they were telling me, "A board fell on your dog. Source: Violet Super, Violet's Dog (VSu-03) | read full text

292. vaa   kumá'ii   pa-xáas   t-u-'iv   pu-'uum   vúra   fâat   kuma-kêemish   áam-tih-an   so   because.of   NOMZ-almost   PERF-3s(>3)-die   NEG-3.SG   Intensive   what   3sPOSS-something.dangerous   eat-DUR-Participial

     "That's why he almost died, he didn’t eat any kind of poison." Source: Violet Super, Violet's Dog (VSu-03) | read full text

293. xás   payêem   uum   vúra   t-u-'aráriihkanha   pu-húun   vúra   íina-tih-an   then   now   3.SG   Intensive   PERF-3s(>3)-get.well   NEG-harmful   Intensive   experience.something.unpleasant-DUR-Participial

     And now he's well, there's nothing wrong with him. Source: Violet Super, Violet's Dog (VSu-03) | read full text

294. ayu’âach   púfaat   pa-'ávansa   iináak   pa-nini-'ákah   uum   támit   u-'ív-at   it.was.because   nothing   the-man   placename   the-1sPOSS-father   3.SG   already.in.the.past   3s(>3)-die-PAST

     It was because there was no man in the house, my father had died. Source: Violet Super, Violet Working (VSu-04) | read full text

295. pa-'áraar   uum   pu-pí-tih-ara   pa-mú-'arama   mú-thvuy   pa-t-u-'ív-ahaak   the-human   3.SG   NEG-say-DUR-NEG   the-3sPOSS-child   3sPOSS-name   NOMZ-PERF-3s(>3)-die-when

     The Indian did not say his child's name when it died. Source: Julia Starritt, "Swearing" (WB_KL-0) | read full text

296. vaa   uum   kun-ipí-ti   pitaxyárih   that   3.SG   3pl(>3s)-say-DUR   swearing

     That, they said, was "swearing." Source: Julia Starritt, "Swearing" (WB_KL-0) | read full text

297. víri-va   kári   uum   tá   kun-ipí-ti   p-eethvuy   vúra   pu-húun-hara   so-so   then   3.SG   PERF   3pl(>3s)-say-DUR   the-name   Intensive   NEG-harmful-NEG

     Then they could still say the name, and no harm was done. Source: Julia Starritt, "Swearing" (WB_KL-0) | read full text

298. púya-va   uum   fâat   t-u-'ûukar   and.so-so   3.SG   what   PERF-3s(>3)-put.out.(boat)

     Then he paid something. Source: Julia Starritt, "Swearing" (WB_KL-0) | read full text

299. xás   hâari   vúra   uum   pa-'áraar   pa-húunta-haak   ára   vúra   t-u-pitaxyárih   then   sometime   Intensive   3.SG   the-human   NOMZ-peculiar-when   person   Intensive   PERF-3s(>3)-swear

     Sometimes when a person was peculiar, he "swore" (on purpose). Source: Julia Starritt, "Swearing" (WB_KL-0) | read full text

300. xás   pa-tá   kun-ípeer-ahaak   fâat   iyúrish   xás   pa-t-u-'ûuri-haak   púya-va   uum   hâari   ára   vaa   kúth   t-óo   tháaniv   then   NOMZ-PERF   3pl(>3s)-say.to-when   what   pay   then   NOMZ-PERF-3s(>3)-be.unwilling-when   and.so-so   3.SG   sometime   person   so   because.of   PERF-3s(>3)   sit

     When they told him to pay something and he refused, then sometimes a person was killed because of it. Source: Julia Starritt, "Swearing" (WB_KL-0) | read full text

301. vaa   uum   arará-kuupha   that   3.SG   human-doing

     That was Indian law. Source: Julia Starritt, "Swearing" (WB_KL-0) | read full text

302. xás   ú-muus-tih   vúra   uum   táay   pa-'íshaha   vúra   ûumukich   then   3s(>3)-look.at-DUR   Intensive   3.SG   much   the-water   Intensive   near

     And he looked; there was a lot of water, just close. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-01) | read full text

303. vúra   uum   xára   p-oo-kúkuri   pa-'íshaha   t-u-'ísh   taay   Intensive   3.SG   long.time   NOMZ-3s(>3)-stoop.down   the-water   PERF-3s(>3)-drink   much

     He stooped down to the water for a long time, he drank a lot. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-01) | read full text

304. kári   xás   púyava   úum-pan   mah'íitnihach   tá   kun-pávyiihship   kúkuum   pa-astaah   then   then   you.see   3.SG-Emphatic   early.morning   PERF   3pl(>3s)-go.away.again.(pl.)   again   the-duck

     And then they, the ducks, left again in the morning. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote's Homecoming" (second telling) (WB_KL-02a) | read full text Spoken by Nettie Ruben | Download | Play

305. vúra   uum   tá   n-eemchitátkoo   Intensive   3.SG   PERF   1s-have.something.protrude

     The bones are sticking out through my skin. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote's Homecoming" (second telling) (WB_KL-02a) | read full text Spoken by Nettie Ruben | Download | Play

306. xás   t-u-túraayva   vúra   uum   táay   pa-xathímtas   then   PERF-3s(>3)-look.around   Intensive   3.SG   much   the-roasted.grasshoppers

     And he looked around, there were lots of grasshoppers. Source: Chester Pepper, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-03) | read full text

307. xás   u-xús   púya   páy   uum   payêem   uum   na-yâavah-eesh   then   3s(>3)-think   and.so   this   3.SG   now   3.SG   1s-get.enough-FUT

     And he thought, "There, now I'll get full. Source: Chester Pepper, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-03) | read full text

308. víri   vúra   uum   táay   pa-'ahup-tunvêech-as   u-'áthanvarak-tih   so   Intensive   3.SG   much   the-wood-small.(pl.)-PL   3s(>3)-float.down.from.upstream-DUR

     There were a lot of little sticks floating down from upriver. Source: Chester Pepper, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-03) | read full text

309. vaa   uum   hôoy   vúrava   kanée-p-taatripaa-vish   so   3.SG   where   just   3pl>1s-ITER-hook.toward.land-FUT

     That way they will hook me out somewhere. Source: Chester Pepper, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-03) | read full text

310. káruma   uum   pihnêefich   u-xú-ti   xáy   kaná-taatripaa   in.fact   3.SG   coyote   3s(>3)-think-DUR   let.not   3pl>1s-hook.toward.land

     Coyote was thinking, "Let them not hook me out." Source: Chester Pepper, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-03) | read full text

311. pihnêefich   uum   ishpuk-éekyav   t-óo   thvoonha   coyote   3.SG   dentalium.shells-making   PERF-3s(>3)   be.eager.(to.do)

     Coyote wanted to make money. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-04) | read full text

312. kúkuum   vúra   uum   u-skákunih   again   Intensive   3.SG   3s(>3)-jump.downhill.from.here

     It too jumped down. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-04) | read full text

313. xás   u-píip   yáxa   áta   uum   pa-pihneefich-'îin   tá   na-sítviik   then   3s(>3)-say   look!   maybe   3.SG   the-coyote-TOPIC   PERF   2s/3s>1s-steal.from

     And he said, "Look, I'll bet Coyote stole it from me. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-04) | read full text

314. kínikini   vúra   uum   u-vaxrahchák-eesh   I.wish.that   Intensive   3.SG   3s(>3)-have.throat.close.up-FUT

     Let him die of thirst! Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-04) | read full text

315. xás   vúra   uum   hûut   chími   u-'îin-eesh   pa-mú-prii   vúra   t-u-váxrah   then   Intensive   3.SG   how   soon   3s(>3)-do-FUT   the-3sPOSS-tongue   Intensive   PERF-3s(>3)-be.dry

     What was he to do? His tongue was just dry. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-04) | read full text

316. vaa   uum   kana-'êethripaa-vish   so   3.SG   3pl>1s-take.out-FUT

     Then they'll hook me out." Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-04) | read full text

317. xás   kun-píip   pihnêefich   uum   then   3pl(>3s)-say   coyote   3.SG

     And they said, "It's Coyote! Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-04) | read full text

318. xás   pihnêefich   uum   ú-yruuhriv   u-'asímchaak-tih   then   coyote   3.SG   3s(>3)-(sg.).lie   3s(>3)-close.eyes-DUR

     Coyote lay (there), he kept his eyes closed. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-04) | read full text

319. xás   kun-ipêer   pihnêefich   ôok   uum   panámniik   then   3pl(>3s)-say.to   coyote   here   3.SG   Orleans

     And they told Coyote, "Here's Orleans." Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-04) | read full text

320. púyava   kúth   uum   p-oo-tíshraam-hi-ti   panámniik   you.see   because.of   3.SG   NOMZ-3s(>3)-valley-DENOM-DUR   Orleans

     That's why there is a flat at Orleans. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-04) | read full text

321. púyava   páy   uum   pihnêefich   u-kúphaa-nik   you.see   this   3.SG   coyote   3s(>3)-do-ANC

     This is what Coyote did. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-04) | read full text

322. yánava   vúra   uum   taay   pa-xath-ímtup   visible   Intensive   3.SG   much   the-grasshopper-cooked

     He saw there were lots of roasted grasshoppers. Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-05) | read full text

323. xás   koovúra   tá   kun-piip   naa   uum   ni-táxvuukripaa-vish   then   all   PERF   3pl(>3s)-say   1sg.   3.SG   1s(>3)-hook.out-FUT

     And they all said, "I'm going to hook it out." Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-05) | read full text

324. áraar   t-óo   párihish   uum   vúra   t-óo   párihish   human   PERF-3s(>3)   be.transformed   3.SG   Intensive   PERF-3s(>3)   be.transformed

     He turned back into a person, he turned back into himself. Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-05) | read full text

325. xás   pihnêefich   uum   ta   yiiv   then   coyote   3.SG   PERF   far

     And by this time Coyote was a long ways off. Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-05) | read full text

326. yánava   vúra   uum   taay   pa-'athkurit-patúmkir   visible   Intensive   3.SG   much   the-fat-head-rest

     He saw there were lots of grease pillows. Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-05) | read full text

327. kári   xás   kun-íthvuy   pa-'úkraam   yítha   káru   uum   u-pí-tih   vaa   kuma-'úkraam   ni-p-ikvêeshrih-eesh   then   then   3pl(>3s)-be.named   the-lake   one   also   3.SG   3s(>3)-say-DUR   that   3sPOSS-lake   1s(>3)-ITER-spend.night-FUT

     And they named the ponds, and (each) one said, "I will camp at that pond." Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-05) | read full text

328. xás   vúra   uum   xára   tá   kun-íp-vit   then   Intensive   3.SG   long.time   PERF   3pl(>3s)-ITER-paddle

     And they paddled for a long time. Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote's Journey" (WB_KL-05) | read full text

329. xás   uum   pihnêefich   káru   vúra   púva   haríxay   maah-vúnaa   then   3.SG   coyote   also   Intensive   not.yet   sometimes   see-PL

     And Coyote had never yet seen them either. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Goes to a War Dance" (WB_KL-06) | read full text

330. xás   kâakum   tá   kun-piip   atafâat   uum   pihnêefich   then   some   PERF   3pl(>3s)-say   maybe   3.SG   coyote

     And some of them said, "Maybe he's Coyote. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Goes to a War Dance" (WB_KL-06) | read full text

331. xás   yúruk   pa-kun-pávyiihma   tá   kun-piip   uum   vúra   pihnêefich   kâam   ú-kriihvu-tih   u-pakurîihvu-tih   then   downriver   the-3pl(>3s)-go.back.to.(pl.)   PERF   3pl(>3s)-say   3.SG   Intensive   coyote   little.upriver   3s(>3)-fish.with.set-net-DUR   3s(>3)-sing.songs-DUR

     And when they got back downriver, they said, "It's Coyote upriver fishing, he's singing. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Goes to a War Dance" (WB_KL-06) | read full text

332. pu-'uum-hára   NEG-3.SG-NEG

     It's not him (dancing)." Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Goes to a War Dance" (WB_KL-06) | read full text

333. ta'ítam   yée   naa   hínupa   páy   uum   vúra   pihnêefich   pa-yûum   u-thívtaap-tih   so   well   1sg.   surprise   this   3.SG   Intensive   coyote   NOMZ-uphill.downriver   3s(>3)-do.war.dance-DUR

     So (they said), "Well, that's Coyote who is dancing downriver! Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Goes to a War Dance" (WB_KL-06) | read full text

334. xás   kun-píip   uum   pihnêefich   pa-thivtaap-tíh-an   pu-'uum-hára   p-eekriihvú-tih-an   then   3pl(>3s)-say   3.SG   coyote   NOMZ-do.war.dance-DUR-Participial   NEG-3.SG-NEG   NOMZ-fish.with.set-net-DUR-Participial

     And they said, "It's Coyote who's dancing, it's not him that's fishing. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Goes to a War Dance" (WB_KL-06) | read full text

335. uum   káru   u-pakurîihvu-ti   p-oo-'áhoo-tih   haninuvêe   naa hanuvêe naa   3.SG   also   3s(>3)-sing.songs-DUR   NOMZ-3s(>3)-go-DUR   haninuvêe   naa hanuvêe naa

     He was singing too as he traveled, "haninuvêe naa hanuvêe naa." Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote Trades Songs" (WB_KL-07) | read full text

336. xás   vúra   uum   t-u-tápkuup   pa-mu-pákurih   then   Intensive   3.SG   PERF-3s(>3)-like   the-3sPOSS-song

     And he liked their song. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote Trades Songs" (WB_KL-07) | read full text

337. vúra   vaa   u-pakurîihvu-ti   uum   pa-mu-pákurih   haninuvêe naa hanuvêe naa   Intensive   so   3s(>3)-sing.songs-DUR   3.SG   the-3sPOSS-song   haninuvêe naa hanuvêe naa

     He was singing his song that way, "haninuvêe naa hanuvêe naa." Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote Trades Songs" (WB_KL-07) | read full text

338. xás   pihnêefich   vúra   uum   sípnu-kaam   t-óo   thárish   pa-káan   u-máhyaan-eesh   then   coyote   Intensive   3.SG   storage.basket-large   PERF-3s(>3)   put.down   NOMZ-there   3s(>3)-put.in-FUT

     And Coyote put a big storage basket down where they were to put it in. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Goes to the Sky" (WB_KL-08) | read full text

339. xás   pa-mu-sípnuuk   uum   ipshûunkinich   kúna   vúra   tinihyâach   káan   u-'uuchnímach   then   the-3sPOSS-storage.basket   3.SG   low   in.addition   Intensive   quite.wide   there   3s(>3)-sit.(short.round.object)

     And his storage basket was short, but it was sort of wide, it was squatting there. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Goes to the Sky" (WB_KL-08) | read full text

340. xás   pihnêefich   u-'aachíchha   xás   u-píip   kúnish   íp   ní-pa-at   pa-mú-'aan   uum   káan   ú-kyiim-eesh   then   coyote   3s(>3)-be.happy   then   3s(>3)-say   sort.of   PAST   1s(>3)-say-PAST   NOMZ-3sPOSS-string   3.SG   there   3s(>3)-fall-FUT

     And Coyote was glad, and he said, "I sort of said his string would reach there!" Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Goes to the Sky" (WB_KL-08) | read full text

341. víri   pa-'avansáxiich   uum   áachip   pa-kun-'íih-tih   so   the-boy   3.SG   middle   NOMZ-3pl(>3s)-dance-DUR

     There were the boys dancing in the middle. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Goes to the Sky" (WB_KL-08) | read full text

342. xás   vaa   páy   uum   pihnêefich   u-kúph-aanik   then   so   this   3.SG   coyote   3s(>3)-do-ANC

     And Coyote did that. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Goes to the Sky" (WB_KL-08) | read full text

343. pi'êep   uum   pa-'áraar   ithtítaan-sa-hanik   long.ago   3.SG   the-human   gambler-PL-ANC

     Long ago the people were gamblers. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Steals Fire" (WB_KL-10) | read full text

344. xás   pihnêefich   uum   tá   íp   káruk   u-'árihroov-at   then   coyote   3.SG   PERF   PAST   upriver   3s(>3)-go.upriver-PAST

     And Coyote went upriver. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Steals Fire" (WB_KL-10) | read full text

345. xás   uum   pihnêefich   ithivthaneen'ípan   u-'uum   then   3.SG   coyote   at.end.of.world   3s(>3)-arrive

     Coyote reached the end of the world. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Steals Fire" (WB_KL-10) | read full text

346. naa   vúra   pu-na-'aapúnmu-tih-ara   hôoy   uum   pa-pihnêefich   ú-krii   1sg.   Intensive   NEG-1s(>3)-know-DUR-NEG   where   3.SG   NOMZ-coyote   3s(>3)-live

     I don't know where Coyote is." Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Steals Fire" (WB_KL-10) | read full text

347. káruma   íp   uum   t-óo   yuunk-at   ahtúun   pa-mu-fithih-'ípan   in.fact   PAST   3.SG   PERF-3s(>3)   poke.with.long.object-PAST   oak.bark   the-3sPOSS-foot-end

     He had put oak bark in his toes. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Steals Fire" (WB_KL-10) | read full text

348. xás   kári   uum   pa-t-óo   kfuuyshur   yítha   kúna   t-u-'éeh   then   then   3.SG   NOMZ-PERF-3s(>3)   be.tired   one   in.addition   PERF-3s(>3)-give

     And when he got tired, he gave it to another one. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Steals Fire" (WB_KL-10) | read full text

349. hínu páy   uum   u-píkshaayvu-tih   pu-tákta-hara   pu-'araraxus'úmaan-hara   surprise   3.SG   3s(>3)-tell.lie-DUR   NEG-doctor-NEG   NEG-doctor-NEG

     There he was lying, he wasn't a doctor, he wasn't a shaman. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote as Doctor" (WB_KL-11) | read full text

350. káruma   uum   yúruk   t-óo   kpúhish   in.fact   3.SG   downriver   PERF-3s(>3)   swim.ashore

     The fact was, he had swum ashore downriver. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote as Doctor" (WB_KL-11) | read full text

351. hínu páy   uum   ithyáruk   t-óo   kvíriproov   káruma   uum   kun-xú-tih   t-óo   síinvar   surprise   3.SG   across   PERF-3s(>3)   run.upriver.from.here   in.fact   3.SG   3pl(>3s)-think-DUR   PERF-3s(>3)   drown

     There he ran upriverward across-river; the fact was, they thought he had drowned. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote as Doctor" (WB_KL-11) | read full text

352. vaa   u-kúpha-anik   pihnêefich   uum   so   3s(>3)-do-ANC   coyote   3.SG

     Coyote did this way. Source: Chester Pepper, "Coyote Tries to Reach the Sun" (WB_KL-12) | read full text

353. vaa   uum   vúra   pa-yúruk   tá   kun-víitrup   t-u-thívruuhrup   yúruk   so   3.SG   Intensive   NOMZ-downriver   PERF   3pl(>3s)-paddle.downstream.from.here   PERF-3s(>3)-float.downstream.from.here   downriver

     When they traveled downstream by boat, they floated downstream. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote As Lawmaker" (WB_KL-15) | read full text

354. vaa   uum   vúra   káan   ifmaará-piit   kam-íktaatroovu-tih   káruk   u-vítroovu-tih   so   3.SG   Intensive   there   married.man-new   3s(>3)-push.upstream.from.here-DUR   upriver   3s(>3)-paddle.upstream.from.here-DUR

     Let the new married man push his way upstream there, (when) he is traveling upstream." Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote As Lawmaker" (WB_KL-15) | read full text

355. vúra   uum   yarará-piit   vúra   kám-tuun-tih   Intensive   3.SG   married.woman-new   Intensive   3s(>3)-carry.in.wood-basket-DUR

     Let the new married woman be carrying it." Source: Nettie Ruben, "Coyote As Lawmaker" (WB_KL-15) | read full text

356. káru   uum   naa   vúra   nee-músahi-ti   pa-'ávansa   also   3.SG   1sg.   Intensive   2s/3s>1s-look-DUR   the-man

     And he looks just like me, the man. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Marries His Own Daughter" (WB_KL-16) | read full text

357. xás   uum   píshiip   t-u-'íipma   then   3.SG   first   PERF-3s(>3)-return

     And he got back first. Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Marries His Own Daughter" (WB_KL-16) | read full text

358. xás   pâanpay   xás   u-xús   naa   ni-xú-ti   na-pikshayvûunish-ti   yukún   koovúra   vaa   u-músahi-ti   pa-nunú-'uup   káru   uum   vúra   vaa   u-músahi-ti   pa-nini-'áka   then   after.while   then   3s(>3)-think   1sg.   1s(>3)-think-DUR   2s/3s>1s-tell.lies.to-DUR   you.see   all   that   3s(>3)-look-DUR   the-1plPOSS-possession   also   3.SG   Intensive   that   3s(>3)-look-DUR   the-1sPOSS-father

     Then after a while she thought, "I think he's deceiving me, everything looks like our things, and he looks just like my father." Source: Julia Starritt, "Coyote Marries His Own Daughter" (WB_KL-16) | read full text

359. kári   xás   kun-xús   pa-'asiktávaan-sas   hôoy   uum   p-oo-'aramsîipriv-tih-irak   then   then   3pl(>3s)-think   the-woman-PL   where   3.SG   NOMZ-3s(>3)-start.out-DUR-where

     Then the women thought, "Where is it that he comes from? Source: Mamie Offield, "Coyote Gives Salmon and Acorns to Mankind" (WB_KL-17) | read full text

360. xás   vúra   uum   yâamach   mu-'asiktaván-'aramah   then   Intensive   3.SG   pretty   3sPOSS-woman-child

     And her female child was pretty. Source: Lottie Beck, "The Perils of Weasel" (WB_KL-18) | read full text

361. âanxus   uum   káru   pákuri   u-thiiná-tih   weasel   3.SG   also   song   3s(>3)-have-DUR

     Weasel had a song. Source: Lottie Beck, "The Perils of Weasel" (WB_KL-18) | read full text

362. kéevniikich   vúra   uum   u-tapkûupu-ti   p-óo-thtii-tih   old.woman.(dimin.)   Intensive   3.SG   3s(>3)-like-DUR   NOMZ-3s(>3)-gamble-DUR

     An old woman liked to gamble. Source: Mamie Offield, "The Perils of Weasel" (WB_KL-19) | read full text

363. kári   xás   uum   káru   ishímfir   âanaxus   then   then   3.SG   also   brave   weasel

     And Weasel was tough, too. Source: Mamie Offield, "The Perils of Weasel" (WB_KL-19) | read full text

364. kári   xás   âanaxus   uum   káru   t-u-pakúriihva   kéevniikich   tiiptíip'aahrishuk    then   then   weasel   3.SG   also   PERF-3s(>3)-sing.songs   old.woman.(dimin.)   tiiptíip'aahrishuk

     And Weasel sang, too, "kéevniikich tiiptíip'aahrishuk." Source: Mamie Offield, "The Perils of Weasel" (WB_KL-19) | read full text

365. vúra   uum   hitíhaan   kuma-súpaa   p-óo-muus-ti   pá-pikvas   Intensive   3.SG   always   3sPOSS-day   NOMZ-3s(>3)-see-DUR   the-plume

     She looked at the headdress-feather every day (while he was gone). Source: Daisy Jones, "The Perils of Weasel" (WB_KL-20) | read full text

366. xás   kúkuum   káan   uum   kun-'áraarahi-ti   áraar   then   again   there   3.SG   3pl(>3s)-live.(pl.)-DUR   human

     And again people were living there. Source: Daisy Jones, "The Perils of Weasel" (WB_KL-20) | read full text

367. uum   vúra   vaa   âanaxus   ú-kriivku-ti   pa-'ípaha   3.SG   Intensive   so   weasel   3s(>3)-hold.on.to-DUR   the-tree

     Weasel held on to the tree. Source: Daisy Jones, "The Perils of Weasel" (WB_KL-20) | read full text

368. asáxvu   uum   káan   ú-krii   turtle   3.SG   there   3s(>3)-live

     Turtle lived there. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Hair in the Soup" (WB_KL-21) | read full text

369. káruma   uum   pa-'ifápiit   áxak   pa-mu-'ífuni   u-paathrámni   pa-pátarav-ak   in.fact   3.SG   the-young.unmarried.woman   two   the-3sPOSS-hair   3s(>3)-throw.into   the-soup.basket-Locative

     The fact was, the young women had thrown two of their hairs into the soup-baskets. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Hair in the Soup" (WB_KL-21) | read full text

370. páy   uum   pu-mi-'ífunih-ara   this   3.SG   NEG-2sPOSS-hair-NEG

     This isn't your hair." Source: Julia Starritt, "The Hair in the Soup" (WB_KL-21) | read full text

371. ayu'âach   pa-'asiktávaan   uum   yáan'iiftihan-sa   it.was.because   the-woman   3.SG   young.person-PL

     It's because the women are young." Source: Lottie Beck, "Old Man Turtle Dances" (WB_KL-22) | read full text

372. uum   pa-'asiktávaan   vúra   vaa   kun-'íihrupu-tih   3.SG   the-woman   Intensive   that   3pl(>3s)-dance.away.downriver-DUR

     The women kept dancing downriver that way. Source: Lottie Beck, "Old Man Turtle Dances" (WB_KL-22) | read full text

373. xás   vaa   uum   tá   kun-xúrihi-naa   then   so   3.SG   PERF   3pl(>3s)-be.hungry-PL

     And they were hungry. Source: Lottie Beck, "The Greedy Father" (WB_KL-23) | read full text

374. ayu'âach   vúra   uum   tá   na-xúriha   it.was.because   Intensive   3.SG   PERF   1s-be.hungry

     It's because I'm hungry." Source: Lottie Beck, "The Greedy Father" (WB_KL-23) | read full text

375. kúna   uum   vaa   vúra   káan   ú-ksuusur   in.addition   3.SG   so   Intensive   there   3s(>3)-swoop.down

     He, in turn, swooped down there. Source: Lottie Beck, "The Greedy Father" (WB_KL-23) | read full text

376. kári   xás   uum   u-'áasish   ahinám-tiimich   then   then   3.SG   3s(>3)-lie.down   fireplace-very.edge

     And she went to bed, at the edge of the fire. Source: Mamie Offield, "The Greedy Father" (WB_KL-24) | read full text

377. kári   xás   uum   vúra   hári-va-heesh   á'iknêechhan   hôoyva   t-u-vâaram   sinmôovishar   then   then   3.SG   Intensive   sometime-INDEF-FUT   falcon   somewhere   PERF-3s(>3)-go   absent.a.long.time

     So it would be sometimes, Duck Hawk went off somewhere, he was gone a long time. Source: Mamie Offield, "Duck Hawk and His Wife" (WB_KL-27) | read full text

378. kári   xás   u-píip   aaníhich   uum   chími   u-'ípak-eesh   then   then   3s(>3)-say   my.older.brother   3.SG   soon   3s(>3)-come.back-FUT

     And he said, "Big brother is going to come back. Source: Mamie Offield, "Duck Hawk and His Wife" (WB_KL-27) | read full text

379. ôok   uum   púfaat--hanik   pa-pirishkâarim   here   3.SG   nothing-ANC   the-grizzly

     There were no grizzly bears here. Source: Mamie Offield, "Duck Hawk and His Wife" (WB_KL-27) | read full text

380. hínupa   vúra   uum   u-'apunkôo-naa-tih   kachakâach   uum   u-'apunkôo-naa-tih   surprise   Intensive   3.SG   3s(>3)-cast.spell.on-PL-DUR   bluejay   3.SG   3s(>3)-cast.spell.on-PL-DUR

     There she was bewitching them, Blue Jay herself was bewitching them. Source: Mamie Offield, "Blue Jay As Doctor" (WB_KL-28) | read full text

381. hínupa   uum   kachakáach   u-'apunkôo-naa-tih   surprise   3.SG   bluejay   3s(>3)-cast.spell.on-PL-DUR

     There Blue Jay herself was bewitching them. Source: Mamie Offield, "Blue Jay As Doctor" (WB_KL-28) | read full text

382. mahnûuvanach   xás   uum   u-'aapúnma   chipmunk   then   3.SG   3s(>3)-know

     Chipmunk found it out. Source: Mamie Offield, "Blue Jay As Doctor" (WB_KL-28) | read full text

383. kári   xás   uum   pa-xuntápan   uum   vúra   pu-pikyáar-ara   pa-mú-pxaan   then   then   3.SG   the-acorn   3.SG   Intensive   NEG-finish-NEG   the-3sPOSS-cap

     But Tan Oak Acorn didn’t finish her cap. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Story of Tan Oak Acorn" (WB_KL-31) | read full text

384. pa-mu-piship-'ihrôoha   uum   yítha   mu-'avansáxiich   the-3sPOSS-first-wife   3.SG   one   3sPOSS-boy

     His first wife had one boy. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Bear and the Deer" (WB_KL-32) | read full text

385. káru   pa-yítha   uum   áxak   mu-túnviiv   avansáxiitich-as   also   the-one   3.SG   two   3sPOSS-children   boy-PL

     And the other had two children, they were little boys. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Bear and the Deer" (WB_KL-32) | read full text

386. káru   uum   pa-'asiktávaan   atahári   vúra   kun-ikyáviichvu-tih   ávaha   kun-ikyáa-tih   also   3.SG   the-woman   always   Intensive   3pl(>3s)-work-DUR   food   3pl(>3s)-make-DUR

     And the women were always working, they were gathering food. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Bear and the Deer" (WB_KL-32) | read full text

387. xás   pa-píshiip   vee-hrôoha   uum   itníivka   then   the-first   3sPOSS-wife   3.SG   mean

     And the first wife was cruel. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Bear and the Deer" (WB_KL-32) | read full text

388. xás   pa-mu-'átimnam   uum   vúra   axyár   atahári   then   the-3sPOSS-pack-basket   3.SG   Intensive   full   always

     And her burden basket was always full. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Bear and the Deer" (WB_KL-32) | read full text

389. pa-yítha   uum   vúra   chîimich   pa-mu-'átimn-ak   the-one   3.SG   Intensive   little.bit   the-3sPOSS-pack-basket-Locative

     There was little in the other's burden basket. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Bear and the Deer" (WB_KL-32) | read full text

390. xás   u-píip   hôoy   uum   tátach   then   3s(>3)-say   where   3.SG   mama

     And they said, "Where's mama?" Source: Julia Starritt, "The Bear and the Deer" (WB_KL-32) | read full text

391. xás   u-píip   pa-kéevriik   uum   vúra   má'   t-óo   kvéesh   then   3s(>3)-say   the-old.woman   3.SG   Intensive   uphill   PERF-3s(>3)   spend.night

     And the old woman said, "She's spending the night in the mountains. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Bear and the Deer" (WB_KL-32) | read full text

392. xás   pa-'avansáxiich   vúra   uum   u-xrára-tih   kúna   vúra   u-'íchunvu-ti   p-oo-xrára-tih   then   the-boy   Intensive   3.SG   3s(>3)-weep-DUR   in.addition   Intensive   3s(>3)-hide.oneself-DUR   NOMZ-3s(>3)-weep-DUR

     And the boy was crying, but he hid when he cried. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Bear and the Deer" (WB_KL-32) | read full text

393. káru   pa-'avansáxiich   uum   tá   mâam   kun-'íkakraa   also   the-boy   3.SG   PERF   uphill   3pl(>3s)-jump.uphill.to.here.(pl.)

     And the boys were already climbing uphill. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Bear and the Deer" (WB_KL-32) | read full text

394. xás   pa-'avansáxiich   uum   máruk   túuyship   kun-ithvíripuraa   then   the-boy   3.SG   uphill   mountain   3pl(>3s)-run.uphill.from.here.(two)

     And the boys ran up the mountain. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Bear and the Deer" (WB_KL-32) | read full text

395. kári   xás   pihnêefich   vúra   uum   táay   tá   pa-mú-'aan   then   then   coyote   Intensive   3.SG   much   PERF   the-3sPOSS-string

     And Coyote had a lot of string. Source: Mamie Offield, "How Deer Meat Was Lost and Regained" (WB_KL-33) | read full text

396. yiimúsich   kúna   uum   táma   u-p-ikyívunih   little.ways.off   in.addition   3.SG   then   3s(>3)-ITER-fall.downward

     But it fell down again just a little ways off. Source: Mamie Offield, "How Deer Meat Was Lost and Regained" (WB_KL-33) | read full text

397. kári   xás   vúra   uum   yâamach   ú-kyav   vúra   ú-kyav   then   then   Intensive   3.SG   pretty   3s(>3)-make   Intensive   3s(>3)-make

     And he fixed them pretty, he fixed them. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Lizard and Grizzly Bear" (WB_KL-34) | read full text

398. pa-pirishkâarim   mú-mya   t-óo   thyúruripaa   t-u-fúhish   pa-yuuxmachmahánnach   u-píkshaayvu-tih   uum   áhup   u-'iikív-tih   yiipahvuf-'ímyah   the-grizzly   3sPOSS-breath   PERF-3s(>3)   pull.out   PERF-3s(>3)-believe   NOMZ-lizard.sp.   3s(>3)-tell.lie-DUR   3.SG   wood   3s(>3)-wear.necklace-DUR   rotten.roots-breath

     He pulled out Grizzly's heart, (Grizzly) believed it when Lizard lied, (Lizard) was wearing a necklace of wood, a heart of rotten fir roots. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Lizard and Grizzly Bear" (WB_KL-34) | read full text

399. kusrípan   uum   itháan   avansa-hanik   madrone.tree   3.SG   once   man-ANC

     Madrone was once a man. Source: Lottie Beck, "The Story of Madrone" (WB_KL-35) | read full text

400. vúra   uum   pu-haríxay   yav   kupa-'áraarahi-tih-ap   Intensive   3.SG   NEG-sometimes   good   MODAL-live.(pl.)-DUR-NEG

     They never lived well. Source: Lottie Beck, "The Story of Madrone" (WB_KL-35) | read full text

401. kusrípan   uum   vúra   itíhaan   u-vunayvîichvu-tih   madrone.tree   3.SG   Intensive   always   3s(>3)-wander.idly-DUR

     Madrone was always wandering around idly. Source: Lottie Beck, "The Story of Madrone" (WB_KL-35) | read full text

402. vúra   uum   t-óo   mchaaxripaa   Intensive   3.SG   PERF-3s(>3)   (heat).come.out

     The heat was coming out (of the fire). Source: Nettie Ruben, "Why Towhee Has Red Eyes" (WB_KL-36) | read full text

403. chavúra   uum   koovúra   tá   kun-chífich   akráa   chamuxich-'îin   finally   3.SG   all   PERF   3pl(>3s)-beat   eel   sucker-TOPIC

     Finally Sucker won everything from Eel. Source: Mamie Offield, "Eel and Sucker" (WB_KL-37) | read full text

404. kúna   chámuxich   uum   vúra   ípihar   in.addition   sucker   3.SG   Intensive   bony

     But Sucker is bony. Source: Mamie Offield, "Eel and Sucker" (WB_KL-37) | read full text

405. kári   xás   kun-piip   akâay   uum   pá-xuus   êeth-tih-eesh-an   then   then   3pl(>3s)-say   who   3.SG   the-thought   carry-DUR-FUT-Participial

     And they said, "Who will take care of it?" Source: Mamie Offield, "The Story of Slug" (WB_KL-38) | read full text

406. púyava   vúra   uum   tá   taay   ta   kun-íkyav   you.see   Intensive   3.SG   PERF   much   PERF   3pl(>3s)-make

     So there was a lot, they gathered it. Source: Mamie Offield, "The Story of Slug" (WB_KL-38) | read full text

407. pa-'asiktávaan   káru   uum   t-u-vôonupuk   the-woman   also   3.SG   PERF-3s(>3)-leave.house

     The woman went out too. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Adulterers Discovered" (WB_KL-39) | read full text

408. káruma   uum   u-kitaxríharahi-tih   in.fact   3.SG   3s(>3)-be.unfaithful-DUR

     (But) the fact was, she was being unfaithful. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Adulterers Discovered" (WB_KL-39) | read full text

409. xás   pa-'ávansa   vúra   uum   pu-'aapúnmu-tih-ara   then   the-man   Intensive   3.SG   NEG-know-DUR-NEG

     And the man (her husband) didn't know. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Adulterers Discovered" (WB_KL-39) | read full text

410. xás   kári   ee   kári   xás   kun-piip   uum   apsunmúnukich   t-u-kitaxríharahi-tih   then   then   oh!   then   then   3pl(>3s)-say   3.SG   racer.snake   PERF-3s(>3)-be.unfaithful-DUR

     And (people) said, "Oh, Racer is being unfaithful!" Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Adulterers Discovered" (WB_KL-39) | read full text

411. púyava   vírusur   uum   ikxúrar   xás   t-u-vôonupuk   you.see   bear   3.SG   evening   then   PERF-3s(>3)-leave.house

     Then Bear went out in the evening. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Story of Bear" (WB_KL-40) | read full text

412. púyava   uum   pa-'asiktávaan-sa   yáas   kun-ívyiih-shiprim-tih   máh'iit   you.see   3.SG   the-woman-PL   then   3pl(>3s)-go.(pl.)-up-DUR   morning

     Then the women started out, in the morning. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Story of Bear" (WB_KL-40) | read full text

413. vírusur   uum   tá   íp   u-'ípak-at   bear   3.SG   PERF   PAST   3s(>3)-come.back-PAST

     Bear had already come back home. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Story of Bear" (WB_KL-40) | read full text

414. uum   ithasúpaa   vúra   ú-krii   3.SG   all.day   Intensive   3s(>3)-live

     She just sat all day long. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Story of Bear" (WB_KL-40) | read full text

415. púyava   uum   kúmateech   pa-t-óo   kxuraraha   púyava   kári   vírusur   t-u-vâaram   t-óo   mkaanv-ar   ikxáram   you.see   3.SG   later.in.day   NOMZ-PERF-3s(>3)   become.evening   you.see   then   bear   PERF-3s(>3)-go   PERF-3s(>3)   gather-go.to   night

     Then later, when it was evening, Bear went off, she went to gather food in the evening. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Story of Bear" (WB_KL-40) | read full text

416. xás   púyava   kuma-máh'iit   xás   kúkuum   t-u-'ípak   vúra   uum   taay   p-oo-'átivu-tih   p-óo-mkaanvu-ti   pa-kóo   kuma-'ávaha   then   you.see   3sPOSS-morning   then   again   PERF-3s(>3)-come.back   Intensive   3.SG   much   NOMZ-3s(>3)-carry.in.a.burden.basket-DUR   NOMZ-3s(>3)-gather-DUR   the-all   3sPOSS-food

     And one morning she came back again, she was carrying a lot in her burden basket, since she had gathered all kinds of food. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Story of Bear" (WB_KL-40) | read full text

417. xás   kári   yítha   u-piip   yakún   húm   vaa   áraar   uum   vaa   vírusur   then   then   one   3s(>3)-say   you.see   or   that   human   3.SG   that   bear

     Then one said, "You see, that's no person, that's a bear!" Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Story of Bear" (WB_KL-40) | read full text

418. púyava   hínu páy   uum   vírusur   víri   vaa   kumá'ii   pá-taay   ú-mkaanvu-tih   you.see   surprise   3.SG   bear   so   that   because.of   NOMZ-much   3s(>3)-gather-DUR

     So there she was a bear, that's why she gathered (so) much. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Story of Bear" (WB_KL-40) | read full text

419. vúra   uum   táay   pa-t-óo   piikívshiip   thíin   axyár   vúra   Intensive   3.SG   much   NOMZ-PERF-3s(>3)   put.necklaces.up.on   glands.in.throat   full   Intensive

     He had lots of necklaces on, (his neck was) full up to his throat-glands. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Story of Crane" (WB_KL-42) | read full text

420. púyava   uum   túus   payêem   vúra   u-'ípak-vu-tih   t-u-pímnaani-h-ar-uk   you.see   3.SG   mockingbird   now   Intensive   3s(>3)-come.back-PL.ACT-DUR   PERF-3s(>3)-summer-DENOM-go.to-to.here

     So now Mockingbird always returns, he comes to spend the summer. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Mockingbird and Swamp Robin" (WB_KL-43) | read full text

421. káruma   uum   pa-'áraar   t-óo   par   xás   pa-mú-'aax   t-óo   pûux-sur   in.fact   3.SG   the-human   PERF-3s(>3)   bite   then   the-3sPOSS-blood   PERF-3s(>3)   hold.in.mouth-off

     The fact was, (Horsefly) had bit human beings, and taken out a mouthful of their blood. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Why Lightning Strikes Trees" (WB_KL-44) | read full text

422. aah   uum   ú-paanik   púra fâat   vúra   îin   na-'íship-tih-eesh-ara   fire   3.SG   3s(>3)-say.(ancient)   nothing   Intensive   TOPIC   2s/3s>1s-extinguish.fire-DUR-FUT-NEG

     Fire once said, "Nothing can put me out." Source: Mamie Offield, "Victory Over Fire" (WB_KL-45) | read full text

423. xás   vúra   uum   itníiv   u-músaha   then   Intensive   3.SG   mean   3s(>3)-look

     And he looked mean. Source: Mamie Offield, "Victory Over Fire" (WB_KL-45) | read full text

424. víri   vaa   káan   uum   vúra   kun-'ûupvu-naa-ti   tayiith   so   so   there   3.SG   Intensive   3pl(>3s)-dig.roots-PL-DUR   Brodiaea

     (Ground squirrels) were digging brodiaea roots there. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Story of Skunk" (WB_KL-46) | read full text

425. p-eekxaréeyav   vúra   uum   kun-ikyâa-nik   the-spirit.person   Intensive   3.SG   3pl(>3s)-make-ANC

     The gods made it. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Origin of the Pikiawish" (WB_KL-48) | read full text

426. púyava   yáanchiip   vúra   uum   koovúra   tá   kun-kúhi-naa   you.see   next.year   Intensive   3.SG   all   PERF   3pl(>3s)-be.sick-PL

     Then the next year everybody was sick. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Origin of the Pikiawish" (WB_KL-48) | read full text

427. púyava   koovúra   uum   púxay   vúra   yítha-xay   kuhí-tih-ara   pa-'áraar-as   koovúra   vúra   yav   púxay   axvahkán-xay   you.see   all   3.SG   not.yet   Intensive   one-not   be.sick-DUR-NEG   the-human-PL   all   Intensive   good   not.yet   sick-not

     And none of all the people was sick, they were all well, they weren't sick. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Origin of the Pikiawish" (WB_KL-48) | read full text

428. kári   xás   kun-piip   vaa   páy   hínupa   uum   p-oo-kupí-tih-eesh   then   then   3pl(>3s)-say   so   this   surprise   3.SG   NOMZ-3s(>3)-do-DUR-FUT

     And they said, "That's the way (Mankind) will do it." Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Origin of the Pikiawish" (WB_KL-48) | read full text

429. kári   xás   yítha   uum   káan   u-'íf-anik   then   then   one   3.SG   there   3s(>3)-grow-ANC

     And one (girl) had grown up there (at Orleans). Source: Nettie Ruben, "Medicine to Get a Husband" (WB_KL-50) | read full text

430. uum   vúra   kâanimich   3.SG   Intensive   poor

     She was poor. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Medicine to Get a Husband" (WB_KL-50) | read full text

431. kári   xás   u-xus   pa-yaas'ára   u-'iiníshrih-aak   víri   uum   káru   vúra   vaa   u-kuph-eesh   xáat   kâanimich   then   then   3s(>3)-think   NOMZ-rich.person   3s(>3)-come.into.existence-when   so   3.SG   also   Intensive   so   3s(>3)-do-FUT   may   poor

     And she thought, "When Mankind comes into existence, (a woman) will do this way also, (though) she may be poor. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Medicine to Get a Husband" (WB_KL-50) | read full text

432. uum   vúra   hitíhaan   vaa   kích   u-kupi-tih   ú-kvaat-ih   3.SG   Intensive   always   so   only   3s(>3)-do-DUR   3s(>3)-carry.on.shoulder-DUR

     He did only this all the time, he gathered sweathouse wood. Source: Chester Pepper, "Medicine for the Return of Wives" (WB_KL-52) | read full text

433. yánava   uum   káru   vaa   u-kupi-ti   pá-'uum   u-kupi-ti   ikmahachram'íshiip veekxaréeyav   visible   3.SG   also   so   3s(>3)-do-DUR   NOMZ-3.SG   3s(>3)-do-DUR   Sacred.Sweathouse.Spirit

     He saw that (the other person) was also doing what Sacred Sweathouse Spirit was doing. Source: Chester Pepper, "Medicine for the Return of Wives" (WB_KL-52) | read full text

434. yánava   uum   káru   vaa   u-kupi-tih   víkapu   u-skúruh-tih   visible   3.SG   also   so   3s(>3)-do-DUR   Jump.Dance.basket   3s(>3)-carry.by.looped.handle-DUR

     He saw he was doing that too, he was carrying a quiver. Source: Chester Pepper, "Medicine for the Return of Wives" (WB_KL-52) | read full text

435. yukún   uum   káru   ishímfir   asaxêevar   v-eekxaréeyav   you.see   3.SG   also   brave   mossy   3sPOSS-spirit.person

     You see, Baldy Peak Spirit was tough too. Source: Mamie Offield, "Shinny Game Medicine" (WB_KL-54) | read full text

436. yukún   uum   ikxareeyaa-tâapas   u-'iifshípree-nik   iknûumin veekxaréeyav   you.see   3.SG   spirit.person-most   3s(>3)-grow.up-ANC   Burrill.Peak.spirit

     You see, Burrill Peak Spirit had grown up into a real ikxaréeyav. Source: Mamie Offield, "Shinny Game Medicine" (WB_KL-54) | read full text

437. uum   vúra   káan   u-'iifshípree-nik   afíshnihanich   itúkuk   3.SG   Intensive   there   3s(>3)-grow.up-ANC   young.man.(dimin.)   placename

     A young man lived there at itúkuk (in Yurok territory, opposite Weitchpec). Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Boy from Itúkuk" (WB_KL-57) | read full text

438. uum   vúra   itíhaan   kuma-máh'iit   t-óo   kvátar   itukuk-'afishríhan   3.SG   Intensive   always   3sPOSS-morning   PERF-3s(>3)   go.get.sweathouse.wood   placename-young.man

     The young man of itúkuk went gathering sweathouse wood every morning. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Boy from Itúkuk" (WB_KL-57) | read full text

439. xás   vúra   uum   nîinamich   pa-mú-paah   then   Intensive   3.SG   little   the-3sPOSS-boat

     His boat was just small. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Boy from Itúkuk" (WB_KL-57) | read full text

440. vúra   uum   nîinamich   pa-mú-paah   Intensive   3.SG   little   the-3sPOSS-boat

     His boat was just little. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Boy from Itúkuk" (WB_KL-57) | read full text

441. yáas   ú-p-viitmu-tih   uum   káru   then   3s(>3)-ITER-paddle.to-DUR   3.SG   also

     Then he paddled back there too. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Boy from Itúkuk" (WB_KL-57) | read full text

442. xás   mah'íitnihach   uum   vúrava   u-kvatan-k-ôo-tih   then   early.morning   3.SG   just   3s(>3)-go.get.sweathouse.wood-to-HAB-DUR

     So he always went early in the morning to gather sweathouse wood. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Boy from Itúkuk" (WB_KL-57) | read full text

443. p-óo-'uum   chanchaaksúr-ak   p-oo-tfúnuk-va   pa-mukun-'iinâak   vúra   uum   ú-m'aax-varayva   NOMZ-3s(>3)-arrive   roof-hatch-Locative   NOMZ-3s(>3)-look.indoors-PL.ACT   the-3plPOSS-indoors   Intensive   3.SG   3s(>3)-red-hot-here.and.there

     When he arrived, when he looked inside through the smokehole, it was red all over inside their house (by reflection from his clothing). Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Boy from Itúkuk" (WB_KL-57) | read full text

444. yukún   vúra   uum   xára   tá   kun-'íchunva   áasiv   you.see   Intensive   3.SG   long.time   PERF   3pl(>3s)-hide.oneself   cave

     You see, (the couple) had hid for a long time in a cave. Source: Mamie Offield, "A Trip to the Land of the Dead" (WB_KL-58) | read full text

445. vúra   uum   mú-fyiiv   Intensive   3.SG   3sPOSS-friend

     She was her friend. Source: Mamie Offield, "A Trip to the Land of the Dead" (WB_KL-58) | read full text

446. ta'ítam   uum   káru   u-vík-aheen   káru   ú-kyav   pa-yáfus   so   3.SG   also   3s(>3)-weave-ANT   also   3s(>3)-make   the-dress

     So she too wove and made the dresses. Source: Mamie Offield, "A Trip to the Land of the Dead" (WB_KL-58) | read full text

447. kári   xás   kun-'áhoo   vúra   uum   taay   súpaa   pa-kun-'áhoo   then   then   3pl(>3s)-go   Intensive   3.SG   much   day   NOMZ-3pl(>3s)-go

     And they traveled, it was many days that they traveled. Source: Mamie Offield, "A Trip to the Land of the Dead" (WB_KL-58) | read full text

448. chavúra   kun-'uum   vúra   uum   yâamach   p-eethívthaaneen   kípa   thúkin   finally   3pl(>3s)-arrive   Intensive   3.SG   pretty   the-land   like   bile

     Finally they arrived, the country was beautiful and green. Source: Mamie Offield, "A Trip to the Land of the Dead" (WB_KL-58) | read full text

449. ôok   uum   pu-'áhoo-tih-ara   pa-'ípi-hi-tih-an   here   3.SG   NEG-go-DUR-NEG   the-bone-DENOM-DUR-Participial

     People with bones (i.e., live people) don't come here. Source: Mamie Offield, "A Trip to the Land of the Dead" (WB_KL-58) | read full text

450. púyava   pa-kun-'ípak   ôok   kumee-thívthaaneen   vaa   uum   pa-kúph-aan-hanik   p-óo-kupi-ti   áraar   u-tâanaxihi-tih-irak   you.see   NOMZ-3pl(>3s)-come.back   here   3sPOSS-land   that   3.SG   the-do-Agentive-ANC   NOMZ-3s(>3)-do-DUR   human   3s(>3)-be.dead-DUR-where

     So when they returned to this world, they are the ones who did as it is done in the land of the dead. Source: Mamie Offield, "A Trip to the Land of the Dead" (WB_KL-58) | read full text

451. xás   vúra   uum   vik-a-kêemich   then   Intensive   3.SG   weave-DEVERB-bad.(dimin.)

     And she was a poor weaver. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Pool in Big Rock" (WB_KL-59) | read full text

452. uum   pa-'áraar   pápim-tih-an   itha-hárinay   vúra   pu-maah-tíh-ap   3.SG   the-human   look.for-DUR-Participial   one-year   Intensive   NEG-see-DUR-NEG

     She, the person looking for him, didn’t see him for a year. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Pool in Big Rock" (WB_KL-59) | read full text

453. pa-mú-'iish   uum   tá   púfaat   u-theekvárahi-tih   the-3sPOSS-flesh   3.SG   PERF   nothing   3s(>3)-be.very.thin-DUR

     His flesh was all gone by now, he was like a skeleton. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Pool in Big Rock" (WB_KL-59) | read full text

454. púyava   vúra   uum   yíchaach   t-óo   kyâafip   pá-'uup   you.see   Intensive   3.SG   together   PERF-3s(>3)   make.completely   the-possession

     And he won all their possessions. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Pool in Big Rock" (WB_KL-59) | read full text

455. avansáxiich   vúra   uum   hitíhaan   u-xrára-tih   boy   Intensive   3.SG   always   3s(>3)-weep-DUR

     A little boy was always crying. Source: Lottie Beck, "The Kidnapped Child" (WB_KL-61) | read full text

456. vaa   uum   vúra   pu-na-turâayvu-tih-eesh-ara   so   3.SG   Intensive   NEG-1s(>3)-look.around-DUR-FUT-NEG

     "That way I won't be looking for him." Source: Lottie Beck, "The Kidnapped Child" (WB_KL-61) | read full text

457. uum   vúra   atahári-ish   vúra   kun-máah-tih   tá   kun-piip   u-'apurúvaan-hi-tih   3.SG   Intensive   always-DIM   Intensive   3pl(>3s)-see-DUR   PERF   3pl(>3s)-say   3s(>3)-sorcerer-DENOM-DUR

     People were always seeing (a certain woman), they said, "She's a devil." Source: Mamie Offield, "The Devil Discovered" (WB_KL-62) | read full text

458. kári   xás   kun-piip   uum   mâasuum   u-víik-tih   pahíp-riik   then   then   3pl(>3s)-say   3.SG   up.creek   3s(>3)-weave-DUR   pepperwood.tree-place

     And people said, "She's weaving in the pepperwood grove, up the creek. Source: Mamie Offield, "The Devil Discovered" (WB_KL-62) | read full text

459. kári   xás   tá   kun-pavyíihship   uum   koovúra   then   then   PERF   3pl(>3s)-go.away.again.(pl.)   3.SG   all

     Then they all went home. Source: Mamie Offield, "The Devil Who Died Laughing" (WB_KL-63) | read full text

460. púyava   yítha   xás   uum   u-pasúpiichva   you.see   one   then   3.SG   3s(>3)-reveal

     So (that) one told the story. Source: Mamie Offield, "The Devil Who Died Laughing" (WB_KL-63) | read full text

461. páy   uum   pa-kumá'ii   axvâa-k   u-kúh-eesh   this   3.SG   NOMZ-because.of   head-LOC   3s(>3)-be.sick-FUT

     "This one is so that (a person) will have a headache. Source: Mamie Offield, "The Devil and the Girl" (WB_KL-64) | read full text

462. páy   uum   pa-kumá'ii   pa-vishváan   u-kúh-eesh   this   3.SG   NOMZ-because.of   the-belly   3s(>3)-be.sick-FUT

     This one will give him a stomach-ache." Source: Mamie Offield, "The Devil and the Girl" (WB_KL-64) | read full text

463. káruma   uum   yiimúsich   t-u-'íshunva-heen   pa-'ápuroon   in.fact   3.SG   little.ways.off   PERF-3s(>3)-hide-ANT   the-magic.charm

     The fact was, she had hidden the charms some distance away. Source: Mamie Offield, "The Devil and the Girl" (WB_KL-64) | read full text

464. kári   xás   vaa   vúra   uum   tá   kun-xúusunish   yaas'ára   then   then   so   Intensive   3.SG   PERF   3pl(>3s)-think.about   rich.person

     Then people thought they were rich. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The White Man's Gifts" (WB_KL-65) | read full text

465. hínupa   páy   uum   vaa   u-kupavêenahi-ti   atahári   surprise   this   3.SG   so   3s(>3)-do-DUR   always

     There (the doctor) was doing that mischief all the time. Source: Julia Starritt, "A Quack Doctor" (WB_KL-67) | read full text

466. pa-'asiktávaan-sas   uum   kun-'ífik-vunaa   xuntápan   the-woman-PL   3.SG   3pl(>3s)-pick.up-PL   acorn

     The women gathered acorns. Source: Maggie Charley, "Indian Food" (WB_KL-68) | read full text

467. pa-'áraar   uum   pa-'áama   u-kupée-kriihv-ahi-tih   the-human   3.SG   the-salmon   3s(>3)-MODAL-fish.with.set-net-Modal-DUR

     The Indians fished for salmon in a certain way. Source: Julia Starritt, "Salmon Fishing" (WB_KL-69) | read full text

468. xás   pa-mukun-'ikríhar   uum   taskana-tunvêech-as   u-kyâar-ahi-tih   then   the-3plPOSS-fish.trap   3.SG   pole-small.(pl.)-PL   3s(>3)-make.with-ESS-DUR

     And their fish-trap was made of little poles. Source: Julia Starritt, "Salmon Fishing" (WB_KL-69) | read full text

469. pa-'urípi   uum   vâaram   u-kyâa-hi-tih   the-net   3.SG   long   3s(>3)-make-ESS-DUR

     The net was made long. Source: Julia Starritt, "Salmon Fishing" (WB_KL-69) | read full text

470. ipanîich   vúra   uum   chûuyich   very.end   Intensive   3.SG   narrow

     At the far end it was narrow. Source: Julia Starritt, "Salmon Fishing" (WB_KL-69) | read full text

471. pa-'ávahkam   uum   tírih   the-over   3.SG   wide

     At the top it was wide. Source: Julia Starritt, "Salmon Fishing" (WB_KL-69) | read full text

472. kun-ipí-ti   uum   pu-piykár-eesh-ap   pa-káan   asiktávaan   u-vúrayvu-ti-haak   3pl(>3s)-say-DUR   3.SG   NEG-slaughter-FUT-NEG   NOMZ-there   woman   3s(>3)-go.around-DUR-when

     People said they wouldn't catch (anything) if a woman was around there. Source: Julia Starritt, "Salmon Fishing" (WB_KL-69) | read full text

473. asiktávaan   uum   pu-káan   vúrayvu-tih-ara   pee-mvír-ak   woman   3.SG   NEG-there   go.around-DUR-NEG   the-fishery-Locative

     A woman didn't go around the fishing platform there. Source: Julia Starritt, "Salmon Fishing" (WB_KL-69) | read full text

474. pa-xuntápan   uum   kun-'ífik-tih   ípaha-k   kun-'íif-tih   the-acorn   3.SG   3pl(>3s)-pick.up-DUR   tree-Locative   3pl(>3s)-grow-DUR

     They picked the acorns, they grew on trees. Source: Julia Starritt, "Making Acorn Soup" (WB_KL-73) | read full text

475. xás   kári   p-eekpúr   uum   múruk-ak   kun-iyváyraamnih-vu-tih   then   then   the-acorn.flour   3.SG   mealing-tray-Locative   3pl(>3s)-pour.in-PL.ACT-DUR

     Then they poured the flour into a tray-basket. Source: Julia Starritt, "Making Acorn Soup" (WB_KL-73) | read full text

476. pá-piish   kun-ikyâa-ti   uum   xás   tá   kun-píishha   NOMZ-soaked.acorns   3pl(>3s)-make-DUR   3.SG   then   PERF   3pl(>3s)-soak.acorns

     When they made píish, they soaked acorns. Source: Julia Starritt, "Soaking Acorns" (WB_KL-75) | read full text

477. xás   píshiip   uum   ishahá-tiimich   tá   kun-'íripkuri   su'vári   vúra   then   first   3.SG   water-very.edge   PERF   3pl(>3s)-dig.hole   deep   Intensive

     And first they dug a deep hole at the edge of the water. Source: Julia Starritt, "Soaking Acorns" (WB_KL-75) | read full text

478. p-eekmaháchraam   uum   yíth   u-kup-eekyâa-hi-ti   káru   p-eekrívraam   uum   vúra   yith   the-sweathouse   3.SG   other   3s(>3)-MODAL-make-Modal-DUR   also   the-house   3.SG   Intensive   other

     The sweathouse was made one way and the living-house another. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Sweathouse" (WB_KL-76) | read full text

479. p-eekmaháchraam   uum   sú'   u-'íripkurih-ahi-tih   the-sweathouse   3.SG   inside   3s(>3)-dig.hole-ESS-DUR

     The sweathouse was dug down into the ground. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Sweathouse" (WB_KL-76) | read full text

480. pa-vuráakir   uum   vúra   ípaha   p-oo-kyâar-ahi-tih   the-ladder   3.SG   Intensive   tree   NOMZ-3s(>3)-make.with-ESS-DUR

     The ladder was made of a tree. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Sweathouse" (WB_KL-76) | read full text

481. xás   iinâak   pa-mu-'îirish   uum   ás   u-pathrív-ahi-tih   then   indoors   the-3sPOSS-floor   3.SG   rock   3s(>3)-spread.on-ESS-DUR

     And inside, their floor was covered with rocks. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Sweathouse" (WB_KL-76) | read full text

482. pa-'arareekrívraam   uum   pu-'á'hinva-hara   yakún   pa-'íivhar   ipshûunkinich-as   the-family.house   3.SG   NEG-high-NEG   you.see   the-board   low-PL

     The Indian house was not high; you see, the boards were short. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Living-house" (WB_KL-77) | read full text

483. xás   pa-mukun-'îirish   uum   vúra   yuux   then   the-3plPOSS-floor   3.SG   Intensive   dirt

     And their floor was just earth. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Living-house" (WB_KL-77) | read full text

484. xás   pa-'íivhar   uum   ipshûunkinich-as   p-eekrívraam   u-kyâar-ahi-tih   then   the-board   3.SG   low-PL   NOMZ-house   3s(>3)-make.with-ESS-DUR

     And the boards were short that the house was made with. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Living-house" (WB_KL-77) | read full text

485. xás   pa-mu-chivchákar   káru   uum   ipshûunkinich   then   the-3sPOSS-door   also   3.SG   low

     And their door was low too. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Living-house" (WB_KL-77) | read full text

486. xás   âapun   vúra   uum   p-oo-tâayhi-ti   pa-mukun-'ásip   káru   vúra   fâat   vúra   pa-kun-tâarahi-ti   pa-kun-imnísh-eesh   then   on.the.ground   Intensive   3.SG   NOMZ-3s(>3)-be.many-DUR   the-3plPOSS-bowl   also   Intensive   what   Intensive   NOMZ-3pl(>3s)-have-DUR   NOMZ-3pl(>3s)-cook-FUT

     And on the floor were their cooking baskets and whatever else they had when they were going to cook. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Living-house" (WB_KL-77) | read full text

487. xás   pa-yupsítanich   uum   thaxtúuy-ak   vúra   sú'   ú-krii   then   the-baby   3.SG   baby.basket-Locative   Intensive   inside   3s(>3)-live

     And the baby was inside a baby-basket. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Living-house" (WB_KL-77) | read full text

488. pa-'arara-'avans-éextiivha   uum   yítha   pa-kum-éextiivha   ú-thvuuy-ti   imtháatva   the-human-man-(athletic).game   3.SG   one   the-3sPOSS-(athletic).game   3s(>3)-be.named-DUR   shinny

     One game, of the Indian men's games, was called 'the stick game' (i.e., shinny). Source: Julia Starritt, "The Shinny Game" (WB_KL-78) | read full text

489. víri-va   uum   tishrám-niik   pa-kun-íxtiivhi-tih   and.so-so   3.SG   valley-place   NOMZ-3pl(>3s)-play.(athletic.games)-DUR

     They played it on a level place. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Shinny Game" (WB_KL-78) | read full text

490. pa-panamnih-imthatváram   uum   vaa   káan   u-kyâasipree-hi-ti   pa-Georgia   mu-tasa-'îikukam   xás   yúruk   pa-xánthiip   u-'iihy-írak   u-'ípanhi-tih   the-Orleans-shinny.field   3.SG   so   there   3s(>3)-begin-ESS-DUR   the-Georgia   3sPOSS-fence-outdoors   then   downriver   NOMZ-black.oak   3s(>3)-stand.(long.object)-where   3s(>3)-extend-DUR

     The Orleans stick-game field began there just outside Georgia's (Mrs. Georgia Henry's) fence, and it ended downriver where the black oak stands. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Shinny Game" (WB_KL-78) | read full text

491. xás   pa-tákasar   uum   ahup-tunvêech-as   u-nhítunv-ahi-tih   then   the-shinny.tossel   3.SG   wood-small.(pl.)-PL   3s(>3)-tie.together-ESS-DUR

     And the tossel was little sticks, they were tied together. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Shinny Game" (WB_KL-78) | read full text

492. yítha   uum   pa-'ávansa   p-oo-'avíkvu-ti   pa-tákasar   one   3.SG   the-man   NOMZ-3s(>3)-take.(one.object)-DUR   the-shinny.tossel

     One man carried the tossel. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Shinny Game" (WB_KL-78) | read full text

493. púya-va   yítha   uum   t-óo   tâat-sip   and.so-so   one   3.SG   PERF-3s(>3)   handle.with.implement-up

     And one tossed it. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Shinny Game" (WB_KL-78) | read full text

494. púya-va   pa-yítha   p-eeshnaaních-haak   uum   píshiip   t-u-'úum   pa-tákasar   u-phíriv-irak   and.so-so   the-one   NOMZ-light-when   3.SG   first   PERF-3s(>3)-arrive   NOMZ-shinny.tossel   3s(>3)-lie.(two)-where

     If one was swift, he arrived first where the tossel lay. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Shinny Game" (WB_KL-78) | read full text

495. púya-va   xás   uum   píshiip   t-óo   tâat-sip   and.so-so   then   3.SG   first   PERF-3s(>3)   handle.with.implement-up

     So he tossed it first. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Shinny Game" (WB_KL-78) | read full text

496. púya-va   hâari   uum   pa-yu'-kúkam   pa-'ávans-as   píshiip   t-u-'úum   pa-tákasar   u-phíriv-irak   and.so-so   sometime   3.SG   the-downriver-side   the-man-PL   first   PERF-3s(>3)-arrive   NOMZ-shinny.tossel   3s(>3)-lie.(two)-where

     Sometimes the men on the downriver end arrived first where the tossel lay. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Shinny Game" (WB_KL-78) | read full text

497. vaa   uum   pa-paaxkív-tih-an   uum   p-eekpihan-'íshiip   káru   p-eeshnanich-'íshiip   so   3.SG   NOMZ-win.(game)-DUR-Participial   3.SG   the-strong-most   also   the-light-most

     The winners were the strongest and the swiftest. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Shinny Game" (WB_KL-78) | read full text

498. kári   xás   vúra   uum   táay   yáan'iiftihan   pa-'afíshnihanich-as   tá   kun-tháruf-vunaa   then   then   Intensive   3.SG   much   young.person   the-young.man.(dimin.)-PL   PERF   3pl(>3s)-peel.sticks-PL

     And lots of young unmarried men peeled the sticks. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Work Contests" (WB_KL-79) | read full text

499. pa-'arara-'êem   uum   ára   u-patumkôo-tih   the-human-doctor   3.SG   person   3s(>3)-suck.disease-DUR

     The Indian Doctor sucked people. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Sucking Doctor" (WB_KL-80) | read full text

500. pa-'aneekyávaan   uum   pírish   pa-'óo-hruuv-tih   káru   hâari   pirish-'éepuum   the-doctor   3.SG   plant   NOMZ-3s(>3)-use-DUR   also   sometime   plant-root

     The sweating doctor used plants and sometimes plant roots. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Sweating Doctor" (WB_KL-81) | read full text

501. púyava   páy   uum   pa-pirish-'ánav   kun-kupee-kyâa-hi-tih   you.see   this   3.SG   the-plant-medicine   3pl(>3s)-MODAL-make-Modal-DUR

     That’s how they made plant medicine. Source: Julia Starritt, "The Sweating Doctor" (WB_KL-81) | read full text

502. p-eekxariya'áraar   úm-paan   t-u-'ípak   the-medicine.man   3.SG-Emphatic   PERF-3s(>3)-come.back

     The priest himself came home. Source: Emily Donahue, "The Pikiawish at Katimin" (WB_KL-82) | read full text

503. sáruk   uum   kun-'íin-tih,    tá   írahiv   downhill   3.SG   3pl(>3s)-celebrate.world-renewal-DUR,    PERF   world-renewal.ceremony

     Downhill they were celebrating the world renewal, it was world-renewal time by then. Source: Nettie Ruben, "The Pikiawish at Katimin" (WB_KL-83) | read full text

504. pa-kúnish   itharípriik   vaa   uum   káan   sarip-yêepshas   NOMZ-like   fir.forest   so   3.SG   there   hazel.twigs-good.(pl.)

     The best hazel twigs are those where it is sort of a fir forest. Source: Emily Donahue, "Preparing Basket Materials" (WB_KL-85) | read full text

505. pa-tuyshipnee'ípanich   vaa   uum   káan   sarip-kêem-shas   the-mountain.peak   so   3.SG   there   hazel.twigs-bad-PL

     There are bad hazel twigs there on the hilltop. Source: Emily Donahue, "Preparing Basket Materials" (WB_KL-85) | read full text

506. vaa   kumá'ii   pa-yêepshas   pa-sárip   itharípriik   aayâach   vaa   uum   vâaram-sas   káru   xúnutich   so   because.of   NOMZ-good.(pl.)   the-hazel.twigs   fir.forest   it.was.because   so   3.SG   long-PL   also   flexible.(dimin.)

     The hazel twigs are good in the fir forest for this reason, it is because they are long and flexible. Source: Emily Donahue, "Preparing Basket Materials" (WB_KL-85) | read full text

507. pa-tuyshipnee'ípanich   va-sárip   vaa   uum   ipshûunkinich-as   káru   úruh-sas   the-mountain.peak   3sPOSS-hazel.twigs   so   3.SG   low-PL   also   round-PL

     The hazel twigs of the hilltop are short and stubby (lit., round). Source: Emily Donahue, "Preparing Basket Materials" (WB_KL-85) | read full text

508. naní-taat   mít   kin-'ípeen-tih-at   tuyshipnee'ípanich   uum   sarip-kêem-shas   1sPOSS-mother   near.past   3>1pl-say.to-DUR-PAST   mountain.peak   3.SG   hazel.twigs-bad-PL

     My mother used to tell us, "They are bad hazel sticks on the hilltop." Source: Emily Donahue, "Preparing Basket Materials" (WB_KL-85) | read full text

509. vaa   mít   kári   uum   nu-'ahíshriih-vu-tih-at   so   near.past   then   3.SG   1pl(>3)-set.fire-PL.ACT-DUR-PAST

     We used to set fires (to encourage the growth of the brush). Source: Emily Donahue, "Preparing Basket Materials" (WB_KL-85) | read full text

510. payêem   uum   tá   koo   tá   pú-vaa   kin-kupí-tih-ara   now   3.SG   PERF   all   PERF   NEG-that   1pl(>3)-do-DUR-NEG

     Now that's all over, we can't do that. Source: Emily Donahue, "Preparing Basket Materials" (WB_KL-85) | read full text

511. payêem   uum   símsiim   mûuk   kun-vúut-vanaa-tih   now   3.SG   knife   with.(by.means.of)   3pl(>3s)-cut.(grass)-PL-DUR

     Now they cut them with a knife. Source: Emily Donahue, "Preparing Basket Materials" (WB_KL-85) | read full text

512. pa-'asiktávaan-sas   uum   kun-íshtuuk-vanaa-tih   the-woman-PL   3.SG   3pl(>3s)-cut.(grass)-PL-DUR

     The women picked them. Source: Emily Donahue, "Preparing Basket Materials" (WB_KL-85) | read full text

513. payêem   uum   tá   kóo   pa-tur   chishíi   mûuk   uum   tah   now   3.SG   PERF   all   the-carry.in.wood-basket   dog   with.(by.means.of)   3.SG   already

     Now the use of burden baskets is all gone, it is with horses now. Source: Emily Donahue, "Preparing Basket Materials" (WB_KL-85) | read full text

514. arara-yáfus   uum   vúra   táfirapu   u-kyâar-ahi-tih   human-dress   3.SG   Intensive   buckskin   3s(>3)-make.with-ESS-DUR

     The Indian dress was made of buckskin. Source: Julia Starritt, "Indian Clothes" (WB_KL-86) | read full text

515. pa-yáfus   uum   vúra   yítha   vúra   pufích-maan   the-dress   3.SG   Intensive   one   Intensive   deer-skin

     The dress was just one deerskin. Source: Julia Starritt, "Indian Clothes" (WB_KL-86) | read full text

516. xás   pa-mukun-yafusa-yêepsha   vúra   uum   yâamach   u-kyâah-ahi-tih   then   the-3plPOSS-dress-good.(pl.)   Intensive   3.SG   pretty   3s(>3)-make-ESS-DUR

     And their good dresses were made pretty. Source: Julia Starritt, "Indian Clothes" (WB_KL-86) | read full text

517. yuxtháran   uum   tûupichas   u-tapakpák-ahi-tih   abalone   3.SG   small.ones   3s(>3)-slice-ESS-DUR

     The abalone shell was chopped up small. Source: Julia Starritt, "Indian Clothes" (WB_KL-86) | read full text

518. xás   pa-tíiptiip   uum   aaxkúnish   u-kyâa-hi-tih   then   the-Woodwardia.fern   3.SG   red   3s(>3)-make-ESS-DUR

     And the chain fern was made red. Source: Julia Starritt, "Indian Clothes" (WB_KL-86) | read full text

519. xás   pa-mukun-'ápxaan   uum   u-vík-ahi-ti   pa-sárum   mûuk   káru   pa-panyúrar   káru   p-eekritápkir   káru   pa-tíiptiip   then   the-3plPOSS-cap   3.SG   3s(>3)-weave-ESS-DUR   the-Jeffrey.pine.root   with.(by.means.of)   also   the-beargrass   also   the-maidenhair.fern   also   the-Woodwardia.fern

     And their hats were woven with the pine-roots and the bear-lily leaves and the five-finger fern and the chain fern. Source: Julia Starritt, "Indian Clothes" (WB_KL-86) | read full text

520. pa-'arara-'asiktávaan   uum   ishváak   u-thúkinh-ahi-tih   the-human-woman   3.SG   chin   3s(>3)-tattoo-ESS-DUR

     The Indian women were tattooed on the chin. Source: Julia Starritt, "Tattoos" (WB_KL-87) | read full text

521. vúra   páy nanuxákarari   kích   uum   vaa   kun-kupí-tih   Intensive   country.outside   only   3.SG   so   3pl(>3s)-do-DUR

     Only ones outside of our country did that. Source: Julia Starritt, "Tattoos" (WB_KL-87) | read full text

522. Ramona   uum   kêeks   u-kyâa-ti   óok   Ramona   3.SG   cake   3s(>3)-make-DUR   here

     Ramona is here making a cake. Source: Julia Starritt, "A Birthday Party" (WB_KL-89) | read full text

523. xás   uum   káru   ú-ksuupku-tih   pa-'ípaha   then   3.SG   also   3s(>3)-point.at-DUR   the-tree

     She too is pointing at the tree. Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full text

524. káru   uum   vaa   vúra   ú-kviip-ti   mú-'aavkam   also   3.SG   so   Intensive   3s(>3)-run-DUR   3sPOSS-ahead

     And (the one) is running in front of her like that. Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full text

525. xás   avansáxiich   uum   u-'áhoo-tih   pa-'ipaha-súruk   kúnish   t-u-'uum   then   boy   3.SG   3s(>3)-go-DUR   the-tree-under   sort.of   PERF-3s(>3)-arrive

     A boy is walking in front, he is sort of going under the tree. Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full text

526. páy   uum   úuth   yúras-ak   this   3.SG   out.to.water   ocean-Locative

     This is out at the ocean. Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full text

527. páy   uum   pichas-'ípaha   u-vêehrim-va   xás   simsímtas   u-taaspáth-ahi-tih   this   3.SG   peaches-tree   3s(>3)-stand.(things)-PL.ACT   then   wire.fence   3s(>3)-fence.around-ESS-DUR

     These peach trees are standing, and there is a wire fence around. Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full text

528. páy   uum   úhthaam   koon-múrax   this   3.SG   garden   corn-nothing.but

     This is a garden, nothing but corn. Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full text

529. páy   uum   tishrám-kaam   xás   u-tuy-shíiprin-ahi-ti   yiiv   this   3.SG   valley-large   then   3s(>3)-mound-up.(pl.action)-ESS-DUR   far

     This is a big valley, and there are mountains rising far away. Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full text

530. páy   uum   tiik   this   3.SG   hand

     These are hands. Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full text

531. pa-'avansáxiich   áachip   u-hyárih   pa-yeenipaxvúhich   uum   ápap-kam   the-boy   middle   3s(>3)-stand   the-girl   3.SG   one.side-side

     The boy is standing in the middle, the little girl is at the side. Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full text

532. pa-'ôokukam   uum   ú-ksuupku-naa   pa-'áxak   the-on.this.side   3.SG   3s(>3)-point.at-PL   the-two

     The one on this side is pointing at the two of them. Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full text

533. payêem   uum   pa-'asiktávaan   ôokukam   now   3.SG   the-woman   on.this.side

     Now the woman is on this side. Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full text

534. xás   uum   kun-chúuphi-ti   pa-'ávansa   xákaan   then   3.SG   3pl(>3s)-speak-DUR   the-man   with.(one.person)

     She and the man are talking. Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full text

535. káan   ára   áxak   yítha   uum   fâatva   âapun   u-kyâa-tih   there   person   two   one   3.SG   something   on.the.ground   3s(>3)-make-DUR

     Two people are there, one is doing something on the ground. Source: Julia Starritt, "Responses to Pictures" (WB_KL-92) | read full text

536. mahnûuvanach   uum   vúra   káan   t-u-yíkiha   chipmunk   3.SG   Intensive   there   PERF-3s(>3)-get.sick

     Chipmunk was really sick. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Blue Jay as Doctor" (WB_LA78.1-004a) | read full text Spoken by Nettie Ruben | Download | Play

537. vúra   uum   puxích   t-oo   kúha   Intensive   3.SG   very.much   PERF-3s(>3)   be.sick

     She's really hurting bad." Source: Nettie Ruben, "Blue Jay as Doctor" (WB_LA78.1-004a) | read full text Spoken by Nettie Ruben | Download | Play

538. púxay   vúra-xay   vúra   uum   t-oo   kúha   not.yet   Intensive-not   Intensive   3.SG   PERF-3s(>3)   be.sick

     She's really hurting. Source: Nettie Ruben, "Blue Jay as Doctor" (WB_LA78.1-004a) | read full text Spoken by Nettie Ruben | Download | Play

539. pihnêefich   uum   v-oo-kúphaa-nik   coyote   3.SG   so-3s(>3)-do-ANC

     Coyote did that. Source: Chester Pepper, "Coyote and the Sun" (WB_LA78.1-016b) | read full text Spoken by Chester Pepper | Download | Play

540. chavúra   vaa   káan   úum   máruk   u-kfúkuvraa   finally   so   there   3.SG   uphill   3s(>3)-climb.over

     Then he had gotten there, up on top of the hill. Source: Chester Pepper, "Coyote and the Sun" (WB_LA78.1-016b) | read full text Spoken by Chester Pepper | Download | Play